Periochip

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Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 10/01/2026

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Periochip

This section provides a clear, authoritative definition of Periochip, detailing its form, composition, and general therapeutic class, strictly adhering to constraints against discussing usage instructions, specific conditions, or safety information.

Property Description
Active ingredient Chlorhexidine Gluconate
Form Subgingival Chip (Biodegradable Matrix)
Pharmacological Class Local Antimicrobial Agent, Antiseptic
Route of Administration Periodontal (Local, Intra-Pocket)
Origin Synthetic

What is Periochip and What Type of Medicine is It?

Periochip is a prescription-only medication classified as a local antimicrobial agent in a specialized subgingival delivery system. It is designed as a small, solid form of medicine intended for direct placement by a dental professional into the periodontal pocket. The product is engineered as a sustained-release delivery vehicle for its active compound, distinguishing it from transient oral rinses or gels. This highly localized approach is recognized for its ability to concentrate the medication where the infection resides. Its primary role is to serve as an adjunctive anti-infective therapy following mechanical procedures for chronic gum issues.

Composition: Chlorhexidine Gluconate and the Biodegradable Chip

The active ingredient in Periochip is Chlorhexidine Gluconate, a well-established synthetic antiseptic compound. This compound is embedded within a small, solid, and completely biodegradable matrix composed mainly of hydrolyzed gelatin. This unique chip structure makes it a specialized local drug delivery system. The primary substance, Chlorhexidine, is a cationic antiseptic with broad-spectrum activity against many microorganisms, which is the basis for its use in controlling bacterial populations. The rigid form factor is a key differentiating feature, allowing precise, single-dose delivery to a specific site.

What is the General Benefit of a Local Antiseptic Delivery System?

The general benefit lies in providing a prolonged, effective concentration of the antiseptic dose directly to the affected gum pocket. Unlike temporary applications, the chip's sustained-release characteristic provides extended bactericidal activity, which is crucial for suppressing the regrowth of harmful bacteria following mechanical cleaning procedures. This localized, protracted action helps maintain a low bacterial count, supporting the overall healing and health of the gum tissue adjacent to the tooth root. The non-systemic delivery ensures the medication is active exactly where it is needed with minimal absorption into the rest of the body.

Regulatory References

  1. sustained-release delivery vehicle for its active compound

What side effects are possible with Periochip?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

The safety profile for the Chlorhexidine Gluconate subgingival chip is characterized primarily by reactions localized to the application site, consistent with its sustained-release, non-systemic delivery method. The official regulatory documents classify most of the observed adverse reactions by frequency.

Frequency and System-Organ Classes

The majority of effects are classified as common in official labeling. These reactions involve the administration site and other systemic effects:

  • Local Reactions: Pain, tenderness, swelling, gingival bleeding, and redness at the gum site are commonly reported. Other common localized conditions include tooth sensitivity, ulcers, and abscess formation.
  • Systemic Effects: The regulatory documents also list systemic events such as headache and flu syndrome as common.

Most local adverse effects were observed during the first week following application of the chip, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug label. Taste disturbance and tooth discoloration are also noted in the European Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC).

Serious Safety Considerations and Constraints

Severe generalized hypersensitivity reactions and, rarely, anaphylaxis are documented as serious post-marketing events associated with the active ingredient, Chlorhexidine. Due to this risk, the product is officially contraindicated and should not be used in individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to chlorhexidine or any component of the chip.

Regarding specific patient groups, the safety and effectiveness of the subgingival chip have not been established in the pediatric population.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and when to seek help

The official regulatory profile for Periochip (Chlorhexidine Gluconate subgingival chip) notes that no cases of overdose have been reported specifically for this low-dose, local delivery system. The primary regulatory focus regarding serious risk is on accidental ingestion or the occurrence of a severe systemic reaction.


Documented Overdose and Emergency Actions

Domain Official Regulatory Statement
Documented Manifestations No overdose cases reported for the chip product. Symptoms of high Chlorhexidine exposure (e.g., gastric distress, intoxication signs) are related to ingestion of concentrated liquid formulations, not the chip.
Life-Threatening Risks Potential for severe, life-threatening allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) has been reported with Chlorhexidine products, affecting cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Antidote and Management No specific antidote is known. Management for excessive exposure is generally symptomatic and supportive.

When Immediate Medical Help is Required

Immediate medical attention must be sought in specific situations as mandated by official labeling:

  • If the Periochip is accidentally swallowed, particularly by a child.
  • If severe allergic symptoms develop, such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or rapid heart rate, following exposure to the product.

Official prescribing information notes that the product is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old, as it may cause severe irritation or chemical burns in young children.

Therapeutic Uses of Periochip

The therapeutic application of Periochip (Chlorhexidine Gluconate subgingival chip) is commonly used to provide local anti-infective support within the context of periodontal care for adults.

The treatment is commonly used as an adjunct to professional scaling and root planing, relevant for managing symptoms associated with deep pocketing in patients with adult periodontitis.

It is applied in clinical settings that involve conditions characterized by periods of heightened symptoms and is relevant for easing symptoms related to inflammatory or irritative states. The conditions where this local treatment may be used include chronic periodontal disease, deepened gum pocketing ( 5 mm), and subgingival bacterial colonization.

This adjunct intervention helps support the structural healing process and contributes to the overall patient benefit of managing deep pocketing and may assist with maintaining functional stability of the affected gum tissue. It is often used during phases when symptoms become more noticeable, particularly in patients undergoing a long-term periodontal maintenance program.


Quick Fact: Relief for Periodontal Pocketing

The treatment is commonly used to help manage the measurable symptom of deep gum pocketing, providing supportive relief when symptoms interfere with routine activities.

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Official Population Eligibility for Periochip

The eligibility for Periochip (chlorhexidine gluconate subgingival chip) is strictly defined by regulatory authorities and is determined by patient age, known allergies, and specific clinical conditions.

Who Can Use It?

The medicine is formally approved for use in adults (including the elderly) as an adjunct treatment for adult periodontitis in patients with periodontal pocket depths ge 5 mm. Use in pediatric patients (children and adolescents) is not recommended because the safety and effectiveness have not been established by regulatory bodies.

Who Must Not Use It? (Contraindications)

Periochip is absolutely contraindicated in patients with a documented known hypersensitivity (allergy) to the active ingredient, chlorhexidine digluconate, or to any of the other components (excipients) in the biodegradable chip.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

  • Pregnancy: Use is generally avoided (EU/UK guidance) or restricted to cases where it is clearly needed and the potential benefit justifies the potential risk (U.S. guidance).
  • Lactation: Use in nursing women should not be administered as the risk to the infant cannot be excluded, based on official labeling.

Specific Condition Restrictions

Use is not recommended in an acutely abscessed periodontal pocket, as efficacy and safety data are not available for this specific acute condition.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

The official regulatory profile for Periochip is narrowly defined by its function as a local, subgingival delivery system, resulting in minimal systemic interaction concerns.

Drug–Drug and Pharmacodynamic Interactions

A formal restriction requires that products containing the antifungal agent Nystatin should be avoided due to a documented pharmacodynamic antagonistic effect that compromises the intended efficacy of Chlorhexidine. Conversely, the official labeling confirms the absence of systemic pharmacokinetic interactions (such as those involving CYP enzymes or drug transporters), which is consistent with the minimal or undetectable plasma concentrations of the active ingredient following chip placement.

Localized Incompatibility and Administration Constraints

The active compound is known to be incompatible with anionic agents (present in some toothpastes) and with sucrose in the diet. Regulatory documentation notes that this incompatibility does not significantly impact the chip's overall efficacy. Regarding administration, a timing restriction mandates that dental floss or other instruments must be avoided at the site of insertion for 10 days. Separately, the labeling confirms that no restrictions are needed regarding general dietary habits.

Mechanism of Action

Membrane Disruption as the Primary Biological Target

This mechanism is defined by the physicochemical nature of the drug's action: its cationic charge facilitates rapid, high-affinity electrostatic binding to the anionic bacterial cell membrane. This molecular interaction causes immediate membrane disruption and precipitation of cytoplasm, leading to bactericidal action and the consequent reduction of the pathogenic subgingival flora.

Causal Chain to Local Tissue Regulation

The mechanism operates by initiating a cascade where the massive and persistent reduction of the microbial load reduces the biological stimuli that sustain chronic inflammation. This suppression of bacterial antigens functionally modulates the local immune response, which is a core physiological change that supports tissue environment regulation.

Mechanistic Role of the Sustained Release System

The mechanism relies critically on the specialized biodegradable chip to ensure the localized delivery kinetics required for optimal functional concentration. By maintaining a high, sustained concentration of the antimicrobial agent over seven to ten days, the system sustains the suppression of bacterial proliferation and maintains the biological state of microbial reduction.

Dosage and Administration Information

How to Use Periochip

The administration of Periochip (Chlorhexidine Gluconate Subgingival Chip) follows a rigid professional protocol, as it is a specialized product for local delivery. Its use is defined by established clinical protocols, which govern the route, dose, and frequency of application.


Official Administration Guidelines

Parameter Instruction
Route of Administration Periodontal (Local, Intra-Pocket, Subgingival). The chip is inserted directly into the affected gum pocket by a dental professional.
Standard Dosing One chip (2.5 mg Chlorhexidine Gluconate) is administered per periodontal pocket that is 5 mm or deeper. A maximum of eight chips may be inserted in a single visit.
Use Context The chip is used as an adjunct immediately following the mechanical procedure of Scaling and Root Planing (SRP).
Retreatment Frequency Re-application to the same site is permitted once every three months (or 90 days), provided the pocket depth remains 5 mm or greater.

Procedural Structure and Instructions

The administration is an exclusively professional intervention. Prior to insertion, the site must be dried. The chip is not removed after placement because it is engineered to biodegrade completely over approximately 7 to 10 days.

Patients are instructed to avoid dental flossing at the treated site for 10 days to prevent accidental dislodgement. If a chip is dislodged within 48 hours of placement, a new one should be inserted; if it is dislodged after 48 hours, a new chip should not be inserted until the 3-month re-evaluation.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Periochip


Evidence for Use in Adult Periodontitis

The primary research for this product examined its use as an addition to a deep cleaning procedure called scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with adult periodontitis. The research explored how gum pocket depths change over time when the chip was used in pockets that were 5 millimeters or deeper, comparing this approach to SRP alone. These studies were often short-term, randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

The findings describe patterns observed in the studies where participants receiving the chip showed specific patterns of average measurements of pocket depth change compared to those who received SRP alone. This evidence helps show measured changes related to the gum disease in the specific populations included in the trials. The research highlights that the results apply only to the populations studied, and the follow-up durations were limited in some core research.


Types of Outcomes Examined in Clinical Trials

Studies explored other outcomes linked to inflammatory or irritative states in the gum, alongside key physical measurements like the reduction in pocket depth and clinical attachment level. The studies also monitored the occurrence of side effects, reflecting treatment tolerability. The patient-reported outcomes describing perceived discomfort were tracked in some research, though the focus was primarily on physical measurements taken by dental professionals.


Long-Term Studies and Follow-up

Research has explored the outcomes for individuals over a longer period, such as nine months or up to two years, through follow-up studies or open-label extensions. The studies report how symptoms evolved in the observed populations, tracking whether the measured changes achieved during the short-term trials were maintained. Despite these longer studies, there is limited information for long-term outcomes regarding sustained health, and follow-up durations were limited compared to the overall span of gum disease.


Evidence in Special Populations

The initial clinical trials monitored adult participants meeting specific inclusion criteria. Some research examined whether the patterns observed differed for certain subgroups, such as participants who smoke. However, the data for certain groups remain insufficient. The research describes that the chip was not studied for use in individuals with acutely abscessed pockets. Similarly, few data are available for individuals with uncontrolled diabetes or for women who are pregnant or nursing.


What Is Still Uncertain About the Research

The current body of evidence highlights what is known—and what is still uncertain—about this adjunct procedure. One key area of uncertainty is the lack of comparative evidence between this chip and other types of antimicrobial materials delivered locally. Direct comparisons are limited in the few smaller studies that research examined these products. The evidence does not determine whether an individual will respond similarly to the measured group average.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Periochip (FAQ)


Q: How long after the dentist places the chip can I eat normally?

Regulatory documents state that no specific restrictions regarding general dietary habits are needed after the chip is placed. Guidance on avoiding hard or sticky foods in the initial hours for comfort may be provided by the dental professional.

Q: What happens if the Periochip falls out?

If the chip is dislodged from the gum pocket, official patient instructions advise prompt notification of the dental professional. The professional will provide guidance based on the timing of the dislodgement.

Q: Is it safe to brush or floss near the area where the Periochip was placed?

Official guidelines state that dental flossing must be avoided at the site where the chip was inserted for a period of about 10 days to prevent dislodgement. However, regulatory information indicates that all other normal oral hygiene procedures, including gentle brushing, may generally be continued in the area.

Q: Does alcohol interfere with the action of Periochip?

Regulatory documents confirm that the drug has minimal systemic absorption, meaning it stays localized in the gum pocket. Consistent with this, official labeling confirms the absence of systemic pharmacokinetic interactions and does not list alcohol as a specific restriction.

Q: Does smoking affect how well Periochip works?

Clinical studies that informed the product's regulatory documents tracked the smoking status of participants. This tracking acknowledges existing knowledge that smoking status is a factor that can influence how an individual responds to periodontal treatment.

Q: How is Periochip different from just doing a deep cleaning (scaling and root planing)?

Periochip is used as an adjunct (an addition) to scaling and root planing (SRP), not as a replacement. Clinical studies indicate that using the chip along with SRP resulted in greater average reduction in probing pocket depth—a key measure of gum health—compared to receiving SRP alone.

Q: Is it normal to feel a mild sensation where the chip was placed?

Official labeling advises that some mild to moderate sensitivity in the area where the chip was placed is considered normal. This sensation typically occurs during the first week after the chip has been inserted.

Q: Can the chip be seen or felt with the tongue?

The administration instructions require the dental professional to fully insert the chip, ensuring it rests subgingivally, meaning completely beneath the gumline. Because of this placement method, the chip is expected to remain concealed and not readily accessible to the tongue.

Q: Can Periochip be used for gum inflammation that isn't periodontitis?

The official indication (approved use) for Periochip is specifically limited to use as an adjunct treatment for chronic adult periodontitis. It is not recommended for use in treating other types of gum inflammation, such as common gingivitis.

Q: Is there any research on how long the effects of Periochip last?

Official summaries of clinical data indicate that the active ingredient is released from the biodegradable chip over a period of approximately 7 to 10 days. The resulting high concentration of the antimicrobial agent is reported to sustain the suppression of bacterial populations for up to 11 weeks.

Q: Does Periochip work immediately, or does it take a few days?

The active ingredient in the chip is a rapid-acting antiseptic, meaning its molecular action begins right away. High concentrations of the medication are achieved within the periodontal pocket's fluid within a couple of hours following placement.

Q: What should I do if my gums start bleeding a few days after the chip is inserted?

Gingival bleeding is noted in official documents as a common local reaction. Regulatory patient information advises prompt notification of the dental professional if pain, excessive swelling, or other unexpected problems occur.

Q: Can Periochip affect dental fillings or crowns?

The official patient information advises individuals to notify their dental professional about existing dental work, such as crowns or fillings. This notification allows the professional to consider all factors during placement.

Q: How does the medicine get from the chip into the gum tissue?

The active ingredient is released from the chip into the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), which is the fluid naturally present in the gum pocket. The GCF then acts as a natural reservoir that circulates the antiseptic throughout the pocket for prolonged action.

Q: Are there studies comparing Periochip to other localized treatments?

Regulatory overviews of the clinical research note that while some studies exist, direct comparative evidence between the chip and other types of locally delivered antimicrobial materials is generally limited.

Q: Does Periochip cause dry mouth?

Dry mouth is not listed as one of the most frequently observed or common adverse events in the core clinical trials that support the product’s official regulatory labeling.

Q: Do studies suggest Periochip helps prevent tooth loss?

Clinical trial summaries focus on measured outcomes directly related to gum disease, such as the reduction in probing pocket depth and improvement in clinical attachment level. The research does not directly determine or claim the prevention of tooth loss, which is a major long-term outcome.

Q: Will I need general anesthesia for the placement of Periochip?

Regulatory documents note that the consistency of the chip allows for its rapid placement into the gum pocket with minimal discomfort to the patient. This is consistent with a procedure that does not require general anesthesia.

Q: How long does the actual placement procedure take?

The administration is considered a rapid procedure. Clinical information indicates that the insertion of a single chip into a suitable periodontal pocket can typically be performed in approximately 30 seconds.

Q: Can the material in Periochip cause a localized allergic reaction?

While severe systemic allergic reactions are rare, local hypersensitivity reactions, such as temporary gingival swelling, are classified as common adverse reactions associated with the use of the chip.

Q: What is the success rate described in clinical trials for Periochip?

Clinical trials do not establish a single, universal 'success rate' percentage for all users. Instead, they report the percentage of patients and pockets that achieved specific measured clinical improvements, such as a reduction in probing pocket depth of 2 millimeters or more.

How should Periochip be stored and disposed of?

Storage and Disposal Requirements for PerioChip

PerioChip (chlorhexidine gluconate subgingival chip) must be stored under specific environmental constraints to maintain its stability, as defined by regulatory labeling.


Storage Conditions

  • Temperature: Store at controlled room temperature, specifically between 15^circmathrmC and 25^circmathrmC (59^circmathrmF and 77^circmathrmF). Storage must not exceed 30^circmathrmC.
  • Protection: The medicine must be kept in its original blister pack to protect the chip from moisture.
  • Access: It must be kept out of the sight and reach of children.
  • Stability: Do not use the chip after the expiry date printed on the packaging.

Disposal Instructions

  • Unused or expired PerioChip must not be disposed of via wastewater (drain or toilet) or general household trash.
  • The recommended procedure is to return the unused product to a pharmacist or follow the guidance of local drug take-back or collection schemes.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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