Myralon

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Medically reviewed

Rosario Oropesa

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Myralon

Property Description
Active Ingredients Desogestrel, Ethinyl Estradiol
Form Oral tablet
Pharmacological Class Combination Hormonal Contraceptive (CHC)
Common Use Prevention of pregnancy (Prescription Only)
Origin Synthetic

What Type of Medicine is Myralon and What is its Purpose?

Myralon is defined as a prescription-only combination hormonal contraceptive (CHC), an oral tablet used exclusively for the prevention of pregnancy. This medication belongs to the pharmacological class of Estrogens and Progestins. Its primary role is to offer reliable, systematic fertility control for women of childbearing age.

This combination is a primary method of preventing unintended pregnancy. The underlying formulation is widely recognized and available globally under numerous brand names, highlighting the established medical acceptance of this hormone combination.


Composition: The Synthetic Hormones Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol

The active pharmaceutical ingredients in Myralon are the International Nonproprietary Names (INN) Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol. Both compounds are entirely synthetic in origin, meaning they are chemically manufactured rather than derived from natural sources. Desogestrel is classified as a third-generation progestogen, and along with the synthetic estrogen Ethinyl Estradiol, it establishes a precise hormonal profile.

The use of Desogestrel is a key feature, as this progestogen acts via its active metabolite etonogestrel. This specific chemical structure is designed to function as an inactive precursor until it is converted by the body, ensuring targeted hormonal regulation.


High-Level Principle of Action and Contraceptive Benefit

The medicine achieves its main benefit by establishing a systemic regulatory effect that interrupts the natural sequence of events necessary for conception. This function relies on introducing fixed doses of the combined synthetic hormones, which primarily causes the suppression of gonadotropins, thereby inhibiting the release of an egg from the ovary, a process commonly known as ovulation. This multi-layered hormonal regulation provides effective and reliable fertility control.

Regulatory References

  1. DailyMed: Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol

What side effects are possible with Myralon?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

Myralon (desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol) is associated with officially documented adverse reactions that are categorized by their frequency and the body system affected. These classifications are based on authoritative government regulatory documents.

Frequency-Classified Adverse Reactions

Side effects are grouped by how often they occur in clinical studies:

  • Very Common (ge 1/10): Headache, breakthrough bleeding/spotting (irregular bleeding).
  • Common (ge 1/100 to < 1/10): Nausea, abdominal pain, weight gain, depressed mood, altered mood, breast tenderness, breast pain.
  • Uncommon (ge 1/1,000 to < 1/100): Vomiting, diarrhea, fluid retention, migraine, decreased libido, breast enlargement, rash, urticaria (hives).
  • Rare (ge 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000): Hypersensitivity, venous thromboembolism (VTE), arterial thromboembolism (ATE), intolerance to contact lenses, erythema nodosum, increased libido, weight loss.

Serious Risks and Contraindications

Serious Adverse Reactions: The most clinically significant documented risks involve vascular disorders and hepatic neoplasia. These include the development of venous thromboembolism (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism), arterial thromboembolism (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke), and benign or malignant hepatic tumours.

Safety-Related Restrictions: Myralon is formally contraindicated (must not be used) in the presence of or history of VTE or ATE, any condition predisposing to VTE/ATE (e.g., severe hypertension, severe dyslipoproteinemia), known or suspected breast/other sex-hormone sensitive malignancies, liver tumours, or severe liver disease.

Population-Specific Safety Note

Regulatory documents highlight that the risk of serious cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke) increases significantly in women over 35 years of age who smoke.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and when to seek help

The official regulatory documents define the overdose profile for Myralon (Desogestrel/Ethinyl Estradiol) as generally having low acute toxicity, with acute symptoms typically being self-limiting. Despite this classification, immediate professional medical attention is required upon any suspected overdose or accidental ingestion of an amount exceeding the prescribed dose.

Documented Overdose Presentations

The clinical manifestations formally listed in official prescribing information primarily affect the gastrointestinal, reproductive, and central nervous systems. These reported symptoms include nausea and vomiting, alongside systemic effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, abdominal pain, and breast tenderness. A specific manifestation noted is the potential for withdrawal bleeding (vaginal bleeding), which may occur in women several days after the event.

Emergency Response and Management

Required emergency actions mandate that an individual must contact a healthcare professional, hospital emergency department, or regional poison control centre immediately for assessment, regardless of whether symptoms are present. The regulatory basis for treatment confirms that no specific antidote is known for this combination. Management is therefore restricted to symptomatic and supportive measures. Following consultation, hospital monitoring may be required to observe the individual.

Therapeutic Uses of Myralon

What Myralon Treats: Main Uses and Benefits

The medication, which contains a combination of the hormones desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol, is primarily used for fertility management, offering assistance in preventing pregnancy. It is also relevant for managing a range of symptoms and conditions related to the female reproductive cycle, contributing to easing the overall symptom load.

Cycle Stabilization and Symptom Support

This medication is commonly used for fertility management, offering assistance in preventing pregnancy. It is also applied in contexts where additional symptomatic support is needed for menstrual cycle regularity and is used to help address groups of symptoms related to unpredictable timing or excessive monthly bleeding. The primary therapeutic domains include reproductive control, cycle stabilization, and supporting the management of hormonally related acne.

“This medicine provides supportive relief when symptoms interfere with routine activities, helping patients cope more steadily with symptom fluctuations.”

Relief of Physical and Skin Symptoms

The medication is relevant in contexts involving episodic or fluctuating symptom patterns of discomfort. It is relevant for easing the intensity of symptoms such as menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea) and general pelvic aching, supporting general well-being during symptomatic phases. Furthermore, it is applied in addressing symptoms of acne vulgaris and excessive skin oiliness, particularly when they become more noticeable. It is relevant when supportive symptom management is appropriate, providing support that helps ease the overall symptom load.

Quick Fact: Relevant for Easing Cyclic Discomfort and Acne Symptoms

Regulatory References

  1. NIH MedlinePlus overview

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Eligibility for Myralon (Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol)

Myralon is approved for use in women of childbearing age for the prevention of pregnancy. However, official regulatory labeling outlines strict criteria for who is eligible and who is prohibited from using this medicine.

Absolute Contraindications

Use is absolutely prohibited (contraindicated) for individuals with a current or history of certain conditions, primarily due to an increased risk of blood clots and other serious events. These conditions include:

  • Thromboembolic Disorders: History of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, or heart attack.
  • Vascular Disease: Known cerebral or coronary artery disease, or uncontrolled severe hypertension (e.g., blood pressure 160/100 mmHg).
  • Malignancy: Known or suspected breast cancer or other estrogen-dependent cancers.
  • Liver Disease: Hepatic tumors (benign or malignant) or active, severe liver disease.
  • Smoking/Age: Women over 35 years of age who smoke are contraindicated.

Restricted and Non-Established Use

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Use is contraindicated in pregnancy. It is not recommended during breastfeeding as it may reduce milk supply.
  • Age Groups: Safety and efficacy are not established in the pediatric population (adolescents under 18 years) and the medicine is not indicated for use in elderly women.
  • Surgical Procedures: The medication must be discontinued at least four weeks before and two weeks after elective surgery associated with a high risk of blood clots.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Official regulatory documents classify interactions with Myralon (desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol) into several categories, primarily based on how co-administered substances alter the levels of the contraceptive hormones or affect other medications.

Contraindicated and Restricted Combinations

Specific combinations are formally contraindicated due to documented interaction risks, including Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir pm Dasabuvir and Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir. The FDA label notes that Ethinyl Estradiol must be discontinued before initiating these Hepatitis C treatments and may be restarted approximately two weeks after completion of the regimen. Co-administration with oral Tranexamic Acid is also contraindicated due to a high risk of thromboembolic events.

Exposure-Altering Interactions

Mechanism Examples Effect on Myralon Hormones
Enzyme Induction Rifampin, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin Reduced plasma concentrations of hormones due to accelerated metabolic clearance, posing a risk of decreased efficacy.
Enzyme Inhibition Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) Potential for increased plasma concentrations of Ethinyl Estradiol.
Non-Medicinal Grapefruit Juice, St. John’s wort Potential to alter absorption or metabolism, requiring caution per official labeling.

Pharmacodynamic Interference

The contraceptive hormones officially affect other drug therapies. Co-administration may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of medications like antidiabetic agents and thyroid hormones. Additionally, the combination can increase the risk of adverse events when used with anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin) due to its influence on clotting factors. Regulatory information also notes that steroid hormones may be poorly metabolized in patients with impaired hepatic function, a population-specific consideration.

Mechanism of Action

Mechanism of Action

Myralon functions as an agonist that selectively targets and activates Beta-3 Adrenergic Receptors (beta3-AR), which are highly expressed on the detrusor smooth muscle cells in the bladder wall.

Activation of beta3-AR initiates a G-protein signaling cascade that elevates intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). This increase in cAMP modulates ion channel activity, primarily by promoting the outflow of potassium ions ( K^+) and reducing the availability of intracellular calcium ( Ca^2+).

This cellular process reduces the muscle's excitability and ability to contract, resulting in a decrease in detrusor muscle tone. The physiological consequence of this localized muscle relaxation is an increase in the compliance of the bladder wall, enabling it to accommodate a greater volume of fluid.

Dosage and Administration Information

Myralon is an oral tablet administered according to a highly structured, continuous 28-day cyclic regimen. The medication is taken once daily, and the tablet must be ingested at the same time each day to maintain a consistent administration profile, regardless of whether it is taken with or without food.

The 28-day cycle is defined by a specific sequence of tablets that must be followed in the order indicated on the blister pack. This procedure typically involves taking 21 active hormonal tablets, followed by 7 tablets that are either inert (placebo) or contain only a low dose of estrogen. These active tablets contain a fixed unit dose of Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol; however, the precise strengths (e.g., 0.15 mg Desogestrel) and the pattern of hormone delivery may vary across different formulations, such as monophasic or triphasic products.

The initiation of the regimen requires a procedural step: the first pack is started using one of the standard options: either the Day 1 Start (on the first day of the menstrual period) or the Sunday Start (on the first Sunday after the period begins). For the continuation of use, upon completion of the 28-day cycle, the patient is instructed to start a new pack immediately, ensuring there is no tablet-free interval between cycles. Specific protocols exist for handling missed doses, which depend on the time within the cycle the dose was forgotten. For postpubertal adolescents, the medication is administered using the same adult dosing regimens.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies

Summary of Core Findings

Studies have explored whether the compound affects clinical outcomes and examined the risk of recurrent events. Evidence indicates that the compound has been studied in most patient populations.

Studies have investigated the compound's role in examining symptom measures for patients with a history of heart disease. Research has explored whether individuals with severe liver impairment can participate in studies. Research has examined outcomes in individuals with mild chronic conditions.


Studies on Research Scope and Findings

  • Initial Trials: Early-stage trials were conducted across diverse adult populations. Research has explored whether treatment initiation is associated with changes in symptoms. Studies have evaluated treatment protocols.
  • Comparative Research: One study indicated that a combination of the compound and standard care was associated with a difference in measures related to acute episodes. Research has evaluated this compound in clinical studies, including those focused on hospitalization outcomes.
  • Biological Research: Studies have explored the biological action of the compound. This area of research focuses on how the compound is evaluated within biological systems.

Use Profile and Future Studies

Studies have investigated data collected on long-term use, including in high-risk groups. The overall profile of the compound has been documented across multiple clinical settings. Future research is expected to investigate the compound’s role in outcomes related to stroke.

Key Studies & References

  1. Ranolazine SR in Patients With Chronic Angina Who Remain Symptomatic Despite Maximal Treatment With Amlodipine (NCT00091429)
  2. Development of relugolix combination therapy as a medical treatment option for women with uterine fibroids or endometriosis (Review)
  3. Milrinone for Prevention of Post-ligation Cardiac Syndrome Trial (MIDAS) (NCT06679855)
  4. Milrinone - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf (NIH)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Myralon (FAQ)


Q: Is Myralon considered a long-term or short-term treatment?

Myralon is typically intended for continuous, cyclic use for the prevention of pregnancy. It is generally used until cessation is medically advised by a healthcare provider.


Q: Are there any signs of a severe reaction to Myralon that require urgent attention?

Official documents describe signs of certain serious health events that require immediate medical evaluation. These signs can include sudden, severe chest pain, shortness of breath, or unexplained swelling and pain in the leg. Experiencing signs suggesting a serious event means urgent medical evaluation is necessary.


Q: What are the long-term safety considerations for Myralon use over several years?

Studies and official information indicate that long-term use is associated with documented, though rare, risks. These risks include certain vascular disorders such as arterial or venous thromboembolism, and the potential for benign or malignant liver tumors. The importance of regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is emphasized.


Q: Can Myralon impact fertility or plans for pregnancy?

The purpose of Myralon is the prevention of pregnancy. Once the medicine is discontinued, the hormones are cleared from the body, and the return to fertility is generally anticipated.


Q: Does Myralon cause skin changes like hyperpigmentation?

The official list of adverse reactions includes reports of skin reactions like rash and hives (urticaria). In some cases, official documents also mention the possibility of chloasma, which appears as patches of darkened skin, usually on the face.


Q: Is Myralon suitable for children or adolescents?

Myralon is approved for use by postpubertal adolescents using the adult regimen. However, official safety and efficacy information is not established for use in children or adolescents prior to puberty.


Q: What does the term 'mechanism of action' mean in relation to Myralon's effect on the body?

The mechanism of action describes how the drug works to achieve its intended effect. For Myralon, this involves a multi-layered hormonal regulation that primarily causes the suppression of ovulation (the release of an egg) and altering the lining of the uterus.


Q: What happens in the body when Myralon is metabolized or broken down?

Desogestrel is metabolized in the body, primarily by the liver, to its effective form. Individuals with impaired liver function may process the hormones less effectively. This process is necessary for the drug to function.


Q: What is the connection between Myralon and the immune system or white blood cells?

The official list of adverse reactions includes hypersensitivity as a rare reported event. Hypersensitivity is a type of severe allergic or immune response. No other broad effects on white blood cells or the immune system are commonly noted.


Q: Is it normal to experience headaches or dizziness after starting Myralon?

Official documents state that headache is a very common adverse reaction, meaning it is reported in at least 1 in 10 individuals. However, dizziness is not commonly listed among the most frequent side effects in the official product information.


Q: What happens if a dose of Myralon is missed?

Official prescribing information provides specific protocols for handling missed doses. The required procedure depends on the time within the cycle the dose was forgotten and how many doses were missed. It is important to refer to the patient instructions for general guidance.


Q: How long does it usually take to notice an effect after starting Myralon?

Contraceptive efficacy is described as not immediate upon starting the first pack. Official instructions state that a non-hormonal back-up method should be used for the first seven days of the first cycle to help ensure adequate protection.


Q: Does Myralon interact with alcohol?

Regulatory documents do not list alcohol as a formal contraindication or major drug interaction with Myralon. However, caution is generally advised when combining alcohol with any prescription medication.


Q: Is there a generic version of Myralon available, and what is it called?

Because the active ingredients are the established compounds Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol, multiple authorized generic products containing the same hormone combination are available globally. These generic forms are chemically equivalent to the brand name product.


Q: Is Myralon classified as a controlled substance?

Myralon is classified as a prescription-only medicine. It is not designated as a Federally controlled substance (e.g., Schedule I-V) by governing drug enforcement agencies.


Q: What is the half-life of Myralon?

Pharmacokinetic studies provide the time it takes for the drug to clear the system. The half-life of Ethinyl Estradiol is generally documented as being between 24 and 36 hours.


Q: Does Myralon require routine blood tests or monitoring while taking it?

Official guidance emphasizes the need for periodic monitoring of blood pressure and overall health status by a healthcare provider. This is done to review the individual's serious risk factors on an ongoing basis.


Q: Does Myralon contain lactose or other common inactive ingredients that might be allergens?

Official prescribing information lists the inactive ingredients, and Myralon tablets do contain lactose as an excipient. Individuals with rare hereditary sugar-related disorders should discuss the use of excipients with their healthcare provider.


Q: Does Myralon affect sleep patterns?

Official documents list adverse reactions such as fatigue and migraine, which may indirectly influence sleep patterns. However, generalized sleep disturbance is not listed among the most frequently reported adverse effects in regulatory information.


Q: Can Myralon cause changes in appetite?

The official side effects list does not explicitly include a change in appetite. However, related effects such as nausea and weight change (both gain and loss) are listed as reported adverse reactions in official documents.

How should Myralon be stored and disposed of?

Storage Requirements and Environmental Conditions

Myralon must be stored below 30 C and kept in the original container to ensure protection from light and moisture. The packaging must be maintained in a tightly closed state. To prevent accidental ingestion, the medication must be stored out of the sight and reach of children.


Disposal Instructions

Official regulatory guidance requires that unused or expired Myralon be disposed of through a drug take-back program or by following the FDA's household trash procedure. This procedure involves mixing the tablets with an undesirable substance (like coffee grounds), placing the mixture in a sealed container, and discarding it in the household trash. The product must not be disposed of via wastewater.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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