Myotan

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Medically reviewed

Rosario Oropesa

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Myotan

What is Myotan?

Myotan is an oral medication categorized as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). It is primarily used in the management of chronic cardiovascular conditions, specifically hypertension (high blood pressure). By affecting certain hormonal pathways in the body, it helps to manage blood pressure levels over the long term.

Mechanism of Action

The active ingredient in Myotan works by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptors found in many tissues, such as vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal glands.

Angiotensin II is a potent hormone that naturally causes blood vessels to narrow (vasoconstriction) and promotes the retention of salt and water. By preventing this hormone from attaching to its receptors, Myotan allows blood vessels to remain more relaxed and dilated. This process reduces the resistance against which the heart must pump, leading to a decrease in systemic blood pressure.

Therapeutic Purpose

The primary goal of treatment with Myotan is to maintain blood pressure within a target range. Lowering elevated blood pressure is a key component in reducing the workload on the cardiovascular system. Unlike some other classes of blood pressure medications, ARBs like Myotan are often utilized because they target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) with a high degree of specificity, which may be preferred based on an individual's specific health profile and clinical requirements.

What side effects are possible with Myotan?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

The safety profile of Myotan (Losartan potassium) is derived from regulatory classifications that organize adverse reactions by their physiological impact and documented incidence rate. Adverse effects are grouped into categories such as Common, Uncommon, and Rare, according to the frequency observed in clinical trials.


Frequency-Classified Adverse Reactions

The most frequently documented effects, classified as Common (affecting 1% to less than 10% of patients), include dizziness, headache, fatigue or asthenia, diarrhoea, and hyperkalaemia (elevated serum potassium levels). Less common effects, classified as Uncommon, may include vertigo, cough, and certain gastrointestinal disturbances such as abdominal pain or nausea.


System-Organ Classes and Serious Safety Concerns

The officially listed adverse reactions affect multiple system-organ classes, including the Nervous System (dizziness, headache), Vascular System (hypotension), Gastrointestinal System, and Metabolism and Nutrition (hyperkalaemia).

Serious adverse reactions officially highlighted in regulatory documents include Angioedema, which involves potentially severe swelling of the face, lips, throat, and tongue. Additionally, the medicine is contraindicated in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to a documented risk of fetal toxicity.


Population-Specific Safety Statements

Safety statements include specific restrictions for certain populations. The medicine is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic (liver) impairment. For patients with pre-existing renal impairment, the official labeling requires close monitoring of renal function and potassium levels. Hypotension (low blood pressure) may be more pronounced at the initiation of therapy or following a dose adjustment.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and When to Seek Help — Official Regulatory Information for Myotan


Overdose Scope

Domain Official Regulatory Statement
Documented overdose presentations The most likely and primary manifestation of Losartan overdose is hypotension (low blood pressure). Overdose may also involve changes in heart rhythm, specifically tachycardia (fast heart rate), or potentially bradycardia (slow heart rate) due to parasympathetic stimulation [Source: FDA, EMA].
Physiological systems affected Primarily the Cardiovascular system, leading to severe arterial hypotension and potentially cardiovascular collapse. Acute Renal Failure or deterioration of renal function is documented as a possible serious outcome [Source: FDA, EMA].
Emergency-response statements Treatment for Losartan overdose is symptomatic and supportive. Patients should be kept under close observation [Source: FDA, EMA]. No specific antidote is known for Losartan, and the drug cannot be removed by hemodialysis due to high protein binding [Source: FDA, EMA].
When immediate medical help is required Seek immediate medical attention immediately if an overdose is suspected or occurs [Source: FDA, NIH MedlinePlus].

Resulting Overdose Structure

Official overdose statements:

  • Overdose may result in severe arterial hypotension, the primary documented manifestation, often associated with changes in heart rate [Source: FDA, EMA].
  • No specific antidote is known for Losartan, and hemodialysis is not effective for its removal from the body [Source: FDA, EMA].
  • Seek immediate medical attention or contact a Poison Help line immediately if an overdose is suspected [Source: FDA, NIH MedlinePlus].

Connection to the overall overdose profile: The regulatory documents define the overdose profile through the risk of hemodynamic instability, evidenced by symptoms like hypotension, and mandate the immediate medical action of seeking immediate medical attention. The profile explicitly limits procedural options by confirming that no specific antidote exists and that drug removal via hemodialysis is ineffective.

Therapeutic Uses of Myotan

Myotan (Losartan) is primarily used for the long-term, sustained management of essential hypertension (chronic high blood pressure) in adults and, generally, in pediatric patients aged 6 to 18. This core therapeutic application is relevant across several clinical contexts. The medication is commonly used to help with conditions like hypertension, chronic heart failure in specific patients, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, and kidney disease in patients with Type 2 Diabetes. This supports long-term management of elevated systemic pressure, which may help patients cope more steadily with symptom fluctuations associated with these conditions.

The medication is considered relevant for specialized cardioprotection and renal protection in high-risk groups. It is applied to address structural changes in the heart and may assist with managing symptoms linked to organ-specific functional stress in susceptible patients who show signs of kidney strain (proteinuria). This supports organ function during periods of heightened systemic burden. Myotan is also used in the management of chronic heart failure in adults, often in situations where other types of medications may not be suitable. This supportive use assists in managing the symptoms associated with cardiac strain, such as fluid retention and shortness of breath, thereby supporting general well-being during symptomatic phases.


Quick Fact: Support for Systemic Imbalance

Myotan supports patients during difficult episodes by helping ease discomfort linked to systemic imbalance. It is relevant when supportive management is appropriate for conditions marked by increased physiological stress.

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Eligibility Profile: Who Can and Cannot Use Myotan?

This section outlines the official eligibility and exclusion criteria for Myotan, based strictly on authoritative government regulatory labeling, defining the populations who must not use the medicine.


Contraindicated Populations (Must Not Use)

Classification Exclusion Criterion
Hypersensitivity Known allergy to Azilsartan medoxomil or any component of the formulation.
Pregnancy Use is strictly contraindicated during the second and third trimesters due to the risk of fetal injury. Treatment must be discontinued immediately if pregnancy is detected.
Comorbidity/Co-therapy Concomitant use with aliskiren is contraindicated in patients with diabetes or moderate to severe renal impairment (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²).

Populations Requiring Restriction or Special Consideration

  • Pediatric/Adolescent: Use is not recommended in children and adolescents under 18 years of age as safety and efficacy have not been formally established.
  • Renal/Hepatic Impairment: Patients with severe renal impairment or severe hepatic impairment are generally not recommended to use this medicine and require careful assessment due to heightened risk.
  • Lactation (Breastfeeding): Use is not recommended while breastfeeding.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Myotan (Losartan potassium) has several formally documented interactions that affect its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile, as described in regulatory documents.

Formal Restrictions and Contraindications

Aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, is contraindicated for co-administration in patients with diabetes or renal impairment (GFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73m^2), due to the documented heightened risk of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and worsening renal function linked to dual blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS).

Pharmacodynamic and Clearance Interactions

  • Potassium-Elevating Products: Co-administration with potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, or salt substitutes containing potassium carries an official risk of hyperkalemia (high serum potassium levels).
  • Lithium: Losartan may increase serum lithium concentrations, raising the risk of toxicity, a finding that requires monitoring.
  • Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Combining Myotan with NSAIDs, including selective COX-2 inhibitors, may reduce the antihypertensive effect and increase the risk of renal impairment, especially in elderly or volume-depleted patients.

Metabolic Exposure Alterations

Myotan is metabolized by CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 enzymes to its active form, and this process is subject to alteration. Fluconazole (a CYP2C9 inhibitor) is documented to significantly increase the exposure (AUC) of the Losartan parent compound by approximately 70% while simultaneously reducing the exposure of its active metabolite. Conversely, Phenobarbital (an inducer) reduces the systemic exposure of both Losartan and its active metabolite.

Mechanism of Action

How Myotan Works

Myotan acts at a molecular level by targeting Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (FPPS), a key enzyme within the mevalonate pathway of osteoclasts. Myotan is taken up by the osteoclast and functions as a structural analog of the natural substrate, binding with high affinity to the active site of FPPS. This interaction is characterized as competitive, reversible inhibition.

This molecular interaction directly prevents the synthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). These molecules are essential for the post-translational lipidation, or prenylation, of small Guanosine Triphosphatases (GTPases), including Ras, Rho, and Rac. The resulting non-prenylated GTPases cannot integrate into the cell membrane and remain inactive in the cytosol.

The inability of these critical GTPases to localize and activate disrupts the necessary intracellular signaling cascade required for osteoclast cytoskeletal function and cell adhesion. This leads to the osteoclast losing its characteristic ruffled border and attachment seal, inhibiting the cell’s ability to secrete lytic acids and enzymes. The resulting physiological consequence is a decrease in the rate of bone mineral dissolution.

Dosage and Administration Information

How Myotan is Used

Myotan (Losartan potassium) is administered orally and is typically used as a long-term therapy for chronic conditions like hypertension. The medicine is taken once daily (qDay) to maintain consistent systemic levels, and can be administered with or without food. Consistent daily timing is procedural for proper use.


Standard Dosing Regimens

The established starting dose for adults with essential hypertension is typically 50 mg once daily. The dose can be increased up to 100 mg once daily based on clinical response, but this adjustment is generally assessed after a period of 3 to 6 weeks to allow for the maximal effect to be achieved. For specific use in heart failure, a lower starting dose is 12.5 mg once daily, which is then gradually increased (titrated) over weekly intervals, potentially reaching 150 mg once daily.


Administration Rules for Specific Populations

Starting dose adjustments are established for certain patient groups. A lower starting dose of 25 mg once daily is used for adults with known mild-to-moderate hepatic impairment and for those who are volume depleted (e.g., those on high-dose diuretics). For pediatric patients (aged 6 to 18), dosing is weight-based, starting at 0.7 mg/kg once daily, up to a 50 mg maximum initial dose. If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered, but must be skipped if it is near the time for the next scheduled dose, as doses should not be doubled.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Myotan: Recent Clinical Evidence

Research has explored the potential of Myotan in the context of high blood pressure (hypertension) management. The drug, which contains an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), is hypothesized to work by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a chemical that typically narrows blood vessels. This mechanism is associated with a widening of blood vessels, which facilitates smoother blood flow.


Pharmacokinetics and Study Findings

Studies have assessed how the body processes Myotan, noting it is an orally active prodrug that converts to its active form after consumption. Administration has been evaluated in various settings, with some studies noting that co-administration with food was associated with increased systemic exposure of the active compound. The drug's safety and effectiveness have also been examined in combination formulations with a diuretic, which helps the body remove excess salt and water.

Efficacy and Outcomes in Hypertension

Clinical trials have investigated the drug's role in lowering high blood pressure and in managing heart failure. Study findings suggest that the reduction in blood pressure may help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, such as stroke and heart attack. Additionally, some research has evaluated the potential of the drug to help preserve kidney function in individuals with diabetes.


Safety and Tolerability Profile

The safety profile was assessed across various patient groups. Common adverse events reported in clinical trials include dizziness, headache, fatigue, and diarrhea. Studies evaluating the use of the drug in special patient populations found that altered pharmacokinetics were noted in individuals with kidney disease. Therefore, close monitoring is generally part of the clinical use of this drug, particularly for patients with pre-existing kidney or severe liver conditions.

Key Studies & References

  1. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB) - StatPearls (NIH Bookshelf)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Myotan (FAQ)


Q: Is Myotan considered a first-line treatment according to official treatment guidelines?

Official guidelines for high blood pressure management generally describe Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs), the class Myotan belongs to, as a first-line therapy option. The inclusion of ARBs in these guidelines means they are recognized as a standard choice for starting therapy in many cases.


Q: What are the most common differences between Myotan and other medicines used for the same condition?

Myotan is an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB). This type of medicine works by directly blocking a specific receptor where a hormone called Angiotensin II normally acts. This is a targeted approach that differs from other drug classes, such as ACE inhibitors, which work by reducing the total amount of that hormone produced by the body.


Q: How long does the main effect of Myotan last once it is active in the body?

Official studies on how the body processes Myotan indicate that its active form has an estimated terminal half-life ranging from 6 to 9 hours. This duration is consistent with its official classification as a medicine typically taken once daily.


Q: What happens to Myotan in the body after it has worked?

Once Myotan is active and has done its job, it is eliminated from the body through natural processes. Regulatory documents indicate that the medicine and its active form are removed through both the kidneys (urinary excretion) and the biliary system, which leads to elimination in the feces.


Q: Is it possible for side effects to start later in the treatment?

The official safety profile for Myotan includes adverse reactions that have been reported through post-marketing surveillance. This means that some events, including those with an 'incidence not known,' can be reported at any point during the treatment period, not exclusively at the beginning of therapy.


Q: Does Myotan affect mood or mental clarity?

Adverse effects listed in official documents include central nervous system effects such as dizziness and headache. Other psychiatric effects, such as insomnia (trouble sleeping) and anxiety, have also been reported in association with the medicine.


Q: Is it true that grapefruit juice interacts with Myotan?

Yes, official information indicates that grapefruit and grapefruit juice may affect how the body processes Losartan (the active ingredient in Myotan). This effect is linked to the potential for the medicine's effects to be increased, which may increase the possibility of experiencing adverse effects.


Q: Does Myotan contain any common allergens, such as gluten, dyes, or lactose?

Official patient information indicates the tablets contain lactose monohydrate as an inactive ingredient. Information regarding the presence of other common ingredients, like gluten or specific dyes, is not commonly detailed in the primary regulatory patient documents.


Q: Is it normal to not feel any noticeable difference right away after starting Myotan?

Official product information suggests the full benefit is not immediate. The label notes that blood pressure control is generally assessed after a period of 3 to 6 weeks to allow for the maximal effect to be fully achieved.


Q: Does Myotan cause weight gain or loss?

Official regulatory studies did not report weight gain as a common adverse reaction of the medicine itself. Unexplained weight gain can sometimes be associated with a change in an underlying health status, such as kidney function, which may warrant monitoring of related health parameters.


Q: Is there any known risk of dependence or withdrawal associated with stopping Myotan?

Myotan is not listed as a controlled substance by regulatory bodies. Professional sources have generally not documented significant physiological dependence or withdrawal symptoms when the medicine is discontinued.


Q: Does Myotan interact with common over-the-counter pain relievers or cold medicines?

Yes, Myotan can interact with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), which includes common OTC pain relievers. This interaction may reduce Myotan’s blood pressure-lowering effect and increase the risk of developing kidney problems.


Q: Are there any specific foods or drinks that must be avoided while taking Myotan?

Regulatory documents indicate that potassium supplements and salt substitutes containing potassium should be used with caution. This is because the medicine can increase the risk of developing hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood).


Q: Is it safe to use Myotan with vitamins or herbal supplements?

The official label explicitly warns about the use of potassium supplements due to the risk of high potassium. There are no other specific reports detailing interactions with general vitamins or common herbal supplements typically included in the official drug documentation.


Q: Does Myotan have any known interactions with alcohol consumption?

Official information indicates that alcohol consumption may amplify common side effects of Myotan, such as dizziness or drowsiness. These effects could potentially worsen low blood pressure (hypotension).


Q: Is Myotan generally considered appropriate for use in older adults?

Controlled clinical studies investigated the use of Myotan in older patients (65 and older) and found no significant differences in terms of effectiveness or general safety when compared to younger patients.


Q: Does Myotan interact with common hormonal birth control methods?

Official interaction warnings note that Myotan may interact with birth control pills that contain the progestin drospirenone. This specific combination carries a potential increased risk of high potassium levels (hyperkalemia).


Q: Is Myotan known to interact with driving or operating machinery?

Official product information contains a warning regarding driving vehicles or operating machinery. This is due to the possibility of experiencing dizziness or drowsiness, particularly when first initiating treatment or after a dose adjustment.

How should Myotan be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Myotan?


Myotan tablets should be stored at controlled room temperature, typically below 25 C (77 F), and protected from light, moisture, and excessive heat. Keep the medication in its original packaging until you are ready to take a dose. It is essential to store Myotan and all other medicines out of the sight and reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.

Disposal of Unused Medicine

When disposing of unused or expired Myotan, do not flush it down a toilet or pour it down a drain unless specifically instructed to do so by local guidelines or the medication's patient information. The preferred method of disposal is through a community drug take-back program or an authorized medicine mail-back service. If these options are unavailable, mix the tablets with an unappealing substance like dirt or used coffee grounds, place the mixture in a sealed bag, and dispose of it in the household trash.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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