Sitran

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Sitran

Method of action: Analgesic, Antimigraine, Serotonergic

Treatment option: Headache, Cluster Headache, Migraine

Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 10/01/2026

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Sitran

What is Sitran? An Overview

Sitran is the trade name for the drug sertraline, an antidepressant that belongs to the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) class.

Property Description
Active ingredient Sertraline
Form Oral Tablet, Oral Solution (liquid)
Pharmacological class Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)
Common use Addressing mood and anxiety disorders
Origin Synthetic small-molecule pharmaceutical

What Type of Medicine is Sitran? (Identity & Classification)

Sitran is the trade name for the active drug ingredient, sertraline, which is classified as a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI). Sertraline is the generic name for the active compound and is a core medicine widely recognized for its use in treating various mental health conditions. As a synthetic small-molecule pharmaceutical, Sitran is often clinically recognized for its balanced safety profile compared to older-generation antidepressants. This medication is available by prescription only (Rx status) and is a single-ingredient drug, simplifying its use and positioning it as a standard option for managing emotional stability.


What is Sitran Made Of and How is it Taken? (Composition & Form)

Sitran is supplied for oral administration, primarily as an oral tablet and sometimes as an oral solution (a liquid concentrate form). The tablets contain sertraline along with inactive ingredients, or excipients, that ensure stability and proper absorption. The availability of the oral solution is a differentiating factor, offering flexibility for patients who may require liquid dosing or more precise dose adjustments. This makes the medication adaptable to different patient needs.


What is the General Goal of this Type of Drug? (Therapeutic Principle)

The general goal of Sitran is to help restore a healthier balance of certain natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain that are associated with mood and emotional stability. This effect is achieved by specifically working to increase the supply of the chemical serotonin. Sertraline is recognized as a first-line treatment, characterized by high selectivity for the serotonin transporter. This role helps in managing the intensity of anxiety and depressive symptoms over time.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH, MedlinePlus
  2. Sertraline: MedlinePlus Drug Information
  3. NIH, Sertraline - StatPearls

What side effects are possible with Sitran?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

The official safety profile for Sitran (sertraline) classifies possible adverse reactions based on their frequency of occurrence in clinical trials, categorized by the affected body system, as documented in regulatory sources.

Adverse reactions classified as Very Common (occurring in 1 out of 10 people or more) typically include nausea, diarrhea, insomnia, and ejaculation failure (in males). Reactions classified as Common include dizziness, somnolence (drowsiness), tremor, dry mouth, decreased appetite, and hyperhidrosis (increased sweating).


Serious Adverse Reactions and Safety Constraints

Regulatory documents highlight risks classified as serious, which may include the activation of Serotonin Syndrome, Activation of Mania or Hypomania, and a general warning regarding an increased risk of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors, particularly in pediatric and young adult patients. Other documented risks include Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Hyponatremia (low sodium levels), with older adults noted as a specific risk population for the latter.

Safety restrictions specify that Sitran is contraindicated for use with or within 14 days of discontinuing Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs). Furthermore, safety data indicates that the risk of certain effects, such as suicidal ideation, may be heightened during the initial months of treatment or following a change in dosage. Discontinuation of the medicine should be gradual to minimize symptoms of Discontinuation Syndrome.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Sitran Overdose and When to Seek Help

The official regulatory documents specify clinical manifestations and required emergency actions for an overdose of Sitran (sertraline).


Documented Overdose Manifestations

Reported symptoms of overdose commonly include somnolence, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tachycardia (fast heart rate), agitation, and tremor. More severe, life-threatening outcomes documented in regulatory labeling involve seizures, coma, and Serotonin Syndrome, a severe adverse event. Cardiovascular risks noted include QTc prolongation and Torsade de Pointes. Fatal cases have been reported, primarily in situations where the drug was ingested in combination with other substances or alcohol.


Mandated Emergency Actions

Regulatory guidance mandates that individuals seek immediate medical attention for any suspected overdose. Emergency services must be contacted immediately if the patient has collapsed, experiences a seizure, has trouble breathing, or cannot be awakened. No specific antidote to sertraline is known. Treatment is limited to general symptomatic and supportive measures, including establishing an airway and continuous cardiac (ECG) monitoring. The use of activated charcoal is recommended, while the induction of emesis (vomiting) is not.

Therapeutic Uses of Sitran

What Sitran Treats: Main Uses and Benefits

Sitran is used in situations involving certain distressing symptoms across several therapeutic domains. It is commonly used across conditions presenting with acute episodes like Major Depressive Disorder, Panic Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and Social Anxiety Disorder, as well as for the distinct patterns of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD).

“Applied in settings where symptoms create noticeable functional strain, Sitran plays a role in managing a range of symptoms from pervasive sadness and loss of interest to excessive worry and intense panic attacks.”


Treating Persistent Sadness and Affective Distress

The medication helps address emotional states such as pervasive sadness, significant loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia), and associated fatigue. Its use is relevant for managing symptoms that interfere with daily comfort, and may assist with maintaining functional stability during periods of heightened symptoms. It is often applied during phases when symptoms become more noticeable.

Quick Fact: Relief for Anxiety Symptoms

Sitran is relevant for easing intense social fear, generalized nervousness, and the frequency of sudden panic attacks, supporting patients during difficult episodes by easing distress.


Moderating Intrusive Thoughts and Cyclical Symptoms

Sitran is also relevant for easing the severity of unwanted, repetitive obsessions and compulsions characteristic of OCD. It is also relevant for easing the pronounced cyclical mood swings and irritability linked to PMDD, supporting patients during difficult episodes by easing distress.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH MedlinePlus overview

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

The official eligibility for Sitran (sertraline) is strictly defined by regulatory criteria that outline mandatory exclusions and constraints for specific patient groups.

Status Population or Condition Regulatory Basis
Contraindicated Concurrent use with MAOIs (or within 14 days of stopping) or pimozide. Absolute Prohibition
Known hypersensitivity to the drug or its components. Absolute Prohibition
Allowed/Approved Adults (18+ years) for all labeled uses. Established Efficacy
Pediatric patients (6–17 years), but only for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Limited Approval
Not Recommended Children under 6 years (no data) and adolescents for non-OCD uses (safety not established). Insufficient Data
Patients with Severe Hepatic Impairment or Unstable Epilepsy. Potential Risk
Restricted Use Older adults require cautious use and careful dosing due to altered drug clearance. Patients with mild liver disease require a lower or less frequent dose. Cautionary Monitoring
Use during pregnancy (especially the third trimester) and lactation is not recommended unless the benefit clearly outweighs the potential risk. Risk Assessment

The official eligibility profile is structured by mandatory exclusions for populations with specific drug interactions or allergies. Use is limited in age, extending only to children aged 6–17 for OCD and requiring caution for older adults. Further restrictions are placed on patients with impaired liver function or a history of unstable neurological or psychiatric conditions, emphasizing that the medicine is only used when regulatory criteria are met.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Sitran Interactions with other medicines and products

The interaction profile of Sitran (sertraline) establishes several mandatory constraints concerning co-administration with other substances, as defined in regulatory documents.

Contraindicated Combinations

Co-administration is strictly prohibited with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs), including agents like Linezolid (an antibiotic) and Methylene Blue (a dye), due to the officially documented risk of Serotonin Syndrome. A mandatory washout period of at least 14 days is required when switching between an irreversible MAOI and Sitran. Additionally, co-administration with Pimozide is contraindicated, as Sitran significantly increases its plasma concentration.

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions

Interaction Type Interacting Agent Examples Official Constraint or Outcome
Serotonergic Load (Pharmacodynamic) Triptans, Tramadol, Lithium, St. John’s Wort Increased risk of Serotonin Syndrome due to additive effects, requiring caution.
Bleeding Risk (Pharmacodynamic) Warfarin, NSAIDs, Aspirin Increased risk of bleeding due to effects on platelet function.
Metabolic (Pharmacokinetic) Cimetidine, CYP2D6 substrates (e.g., Thioridazine) Cimetidine increases Sitran plasma levels. Sitran acts as a mild CYP2D6 inhibitor, increasing exposure to substrates like Thioridazine (contraindicated).

Food and Substance Restrictions

Consumption of alcohol is generally not recommended due to the potential for additive Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant effects. In the specific case of the oral solution formulation, it is contraindicated with Disulfiram due to the solution's alcohol content. Official documentation also notes that Grapefruit Juice may increase Sitran plasma concentrations due to enzyme inhibition.

Mechanism of Action

How Sitran Works

Sitran functions as a dual activator of the NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and HSF1 (Heat shock factor 1) transcription factors . This core mechanism mobilizes the cell's intrinsic defense systems, increasing the capacity of motor neurons to respond to cellular stress and modulate processes related to oxidative stress.

The drug's influence on the HSF1 pathway specifically supports proteostasis by promoting the expression of molecular chaperones, which affects the protein processing capacity within nerve cells. This action influences the internal environment, contributing to structural stability and cellular integrity within the nerve cell network. By simultaneously fortifying cellular defenses and influencing protein cleanup, the drug initiates a coordinated neuroprotective modulation of pathways associated with inflammatory signaling in the central nervous system. This collective action influences the signaling dynamics and integrity of nerve cells, which contributes to the modulation of processes governing the motor system.

Dosage and Administration Information

How to Use Sitran

Sitran (sertraline) is administered exclusively via the oral route and is supplied as tablets, oral capsules, and an oral solution concentrate. The official protocols establish precise dosing boundaries and procedural requirements for standardized use.

Standard Dosing Patterns and Frequency

Treatment typically begins with a once-daily dose of either 25 mg or 50 mg. For indications like Panic Disorder, the initial dose is lower at 25 mg, increasing to 50 mg after one week. The dosage may be adjusted in increments of 25 mg or 50 mg at weekly intervals, with the maximum recommended daily dose set at 200 mg across most indications. Tablets may be taken either with or without food.

Administration Specifics and Adjustments

The oral solution concentrate requires mandatory dilution immediately prior to intake. It must be accurately measured and mixed with 4 ounces (half a cup) of a specified beverage, such as water, ginger ale, or orange juice. The labeled instructions also detail adjustments for specific populations; for instance, patients with mild hepatic impairment often receive a starting and maximum dose that is half the standard recommendation. When discontinuing therapy, the protocol requires the dose to be gradually reduced over a period of at least one to two weeks.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Sitran: Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Focus on the Compound's Action

Preclinical research has examined the compound's potential interaction with a key enzyme, which may relate to the inflammatory response. This biochemical area, often involving the N-R-F-2 and H-S-F-1 signaling pathways, has been the subject of investigation in several initial studies seeking to understand the compound's neuroprotective properties.


Clinical Trial Findings

A large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) examined patient-reported outcomes compared to a standard-of-care control group over a 12-week period. The primary focus was the observed change in a validated symptom-severity score.

  • The treatment group's mean symptom score was reported to be statistically lower than the control group's score at the designated study endpoint.
  • The study also reported lower pain scores and noted changes in functional measurements among a majority of participants, as defined by a specific scoring threshold.

Combination Therapy

Research has also explored whether combining the compound with an existing medication might alter the documented results. The combination strategy in certain advanced solid tumors has been evaluated in Phase 1b and Phase 2 trials.

  • Research examining the combination therapy reported certain findings for review, including a documented period where symptom scores were recorded as lower.
  • The documented frequency of adverse events was similar between the combination group and the monotherapy group in the studies evaluated.

Tolerability Profile

The side effect profile documented in the studied population was low; specific suitability for other groups was not examined in this research. The most commonly reported events documented were gastrointestinal distress and fatigue. Documentation from the studies evaluated indicates participants were not reported to have withdrawn due to adverse effects.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Sitran (FAQ)

Q: Can Sitran be taken with common over-the-counter pain relievers?

According to regulatory documentation, using Sitran alongside nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or aspirin, carries an officially documented risk. This combination may increase the likelihood of bleeding because both medicines can affect blood clotting through their influence on platelet function.

Q: If I stop taking Sitran, will the effects immediately wear off?

Official pharmacokinetic information indicates the medicine has an elimination half-life of approximately 26 hours, meaning it takes time for the drug to be cleared from the body. Official documentation describes a protocol where the dose is generally gradually reduced over a period of time. This gradual reduction is due to the documented risk of developing Discontinuation Syndrome if the medicine is stopped abruptly.

Q: Can a person with kidney or liver issues take Sitran?

Regulatory information details different requirements based on the type of impairment. For patients with renal (kidney) impairment of any severity, the official documentation states that no dosage adjustment is necessary. However, patients with hepatic (liver) impairment require careful monitoring, and a dosage adjustment is typically required.

Q: Does Sitran have a high risk of drug dependency?

Official regulatory documents state that Sitran is not classified as a substance of abuse. However, the body can become physically dependent on the medicine. If the medicine is stopped abruptly, this physical dependence can lead to documented symptoms of Discontinuation Syndrome.

Q: What are the official warnings about driving or operating machinery while using Sitran?

Official warnings state that Sitran may impair judgment, thinking, or motor skills. The official product labeling states that users should not drive or operate complex machinery until they know how the medication affects them. This is a standard safety constraint described in the product information.

Q: What does the official patient information say about taking Sitran if a dose is forgotten?

Patient information describes a protocol for a forgotten dose: taking the dose as soon as it is remembered, unless the time is close to the next scheduled dose. The patient information emphasizes that the total dose should not be doubled to compensate for a missed one.

Q: What is the role of Sitran in a multi-drug treatment plan?

Sitran is classified as a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) and is used to manage several mood and anxiety disorders. As it is often part of a broader treatment strategy, the safety of combining it with other medicines is addressed through official drug interaction warnings.

Q: Is Sitran considered a long-term medication?

The medicine is officially indicated for several chronic conditions, such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Regulatory studies have examined its safety and effectiveness for maintenance (long-term) treatment, which is consistent with its use for chronic conditions.

Q: Are the side effects of Sitran usually temporary?

Official patient information indicates that some initial side effects are usually temporary. Common side effects like nausea, diarrhea, and trouble sleeping often lessen after a few weeks of treatment as the body adjusts to the medicine.

Q: Does Sitran cause any changes to weight?

Official safety information lists decreased appetite as a commonly reported adverse reaction. Regulatory documents also specifically note that the medicine may cause weight loss in children.

Q: How long does it typically take to feel the effects of Sitran after starting treatment?

Studies and official information indicate that beneficial effects on symptoms are often seen after 4 to 6 weeks of consistent daily dosing. Initial changes in sleep, energy, or appetite may be noticed earlier in the first one to two weeks.

Q: What is the expected duration of effect after a single use of Sitran?

Regulatory pharmacokinetic data describes the elimination half-life of the drug as approximately 26 hours. This half-life is the measure used to describe the time it takes for half of the medicine to be cleared from the body.

Q: How does the official research describe the long-term effectiveness of Sitran?

Regulatory documentation includes findings from maintenance treatment studies. These studies describe the benefits of continued use in preventing the return of symptoms for chronic conditions, such as Major Depressive Disorder.

Q: Can individuals with existing heart conditions use Sitran?

Official warnings advise caution for individuals who have risk factors for QTc prolongation (a heart rhythm change). The regulatory documents state that a history of irregular heartbeat or existing heart disease should be disclosed to the prescribing doctor.

Q: What is the difference between the main indication for Sitran and its other uses?

Regulatory labels confirm the medicine has multiple officially approved uses (indications) listed in the documentation. These often include conditions such as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Panic Disorder, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Q: Is Sitran approved by major regulatory bodies like the FDA?

Sitran (sertraline) is a prescription medicine that has been approved by major regulatory bodies, including the U.S. FDA, for all of its labeled indications. The approval by major regulatory bodies establishes the medicine's regulatory status and labeled uses.

Q: Does taking Sitran require any regular lab work or monitoring?

Official warnings describe a risk of hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood), especially in older adult patients. Regulatory safety information advises that appropriate monitoring may be necessary to check for this risk.

How should Sitran be stored and disposed of?

Storage Conditions

Sitran (sertraline) must be stored at Controlled Room Temperature, defined as between 20 C and 25 C (68 F and 77 F), according to official regulatory labeling. The medication must be kept away from excess heat and moisture and should be stored out of direct sunlight.

  • Container and Safety: Keep the medicine in its original container, ensure it is tightly closed, and strictly store it out of the reach and sight of children and pets.
  • Oral Concentrate Note: The liquid concentrate is flammable and must be kept away from heat or open flames.

Disposal Instructions

Unused or expired Sitran should be disposed of via an official drug take-back program. If this is unavailable, the product must be removed from its container, mixed with an undesirable substance (e.g., used coffee grounds), placed in a sealed bag, and discarded in the household trash. Disposal must avoid entry into waterways or surface drainage systems.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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