Poliglyukin (Dextran 70) is considered relevant support for patients dealing with conditions characterized by significant loss of circulating fluid volume. It contributes to supportive relief by assisting in volume management and helps address symptoms related to systemic imbalance. The therapeutic domain of volume expansion is commonly used in hypovolemia due to trauma, burns, surgeries, or other causes.

Addressing Acute Volume Deficits

This medication is commonly used to address acute blood loss and the resulting hypovolemia that may lead to hemorrhagic and traumatic shock. It is relevant for managing conditions presenting with disruptive symptom manifestations such as profound hypotension (low blood pressure that creates noticeable physiological strain), a rapid and weak pulse, and other clinical signs of oligemic shock. It is applied when the lack of fluid creates noticeable physiological strain, offering symptomatic relief that helps patients cope more steadily with difficult episodes.

The medication is specifically applied in addressing acute symptomatic episodes including: hemorrhagic shock, traumatic shock, burn shock, and other situations involving severe plasma loss.

---

Quick Fact: Relief for Circulatory Collapse

Property	Description
Primary Indication	Acute Hypovolemia and Shock States
Symptom Relieved	Profound Hypotension and Signs of Circulatory Failure
Key Benefit	Contributes to easing the overall symptom load by volume support
Context of Use	Settings that involve acute or unstable symptom patterns

Regulatory References

1. StatPearls overview

The use of Полиглюкин (Dextran 70) is governed by strict regulatory eligibility rules that define who can and cannot receive the medicine based on existing medical conditions. The drug is contraindicated and must not be administered to patients with a known hypersensitivity to Dextran. Absolute prohibitions also apply to individuals with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and severe renal disease characterized by oliguria or anuria. Eligibility is also formally denied to patients presenting with pre-existing coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, or clinically significant uncontrolled bleeding.

Use in pregnancy is contraindicated at term and during delivery. For other stages of pregnancy and during lactation, safety has not been established, and use is restricted to conditions where clinical benefit outweighs possible risks. While eligible for adult and pediatric populations under standard conditions, administration requires special caution in patients with any compromised cardiac function or a history of asthma or general allergies.

Interactions with other medicines and products

Polyglukin is an intravascular volume expander containing Dextran. The official interaction profile for Dextran-based solutions is structurally defined by their known effects on the coagulation and hemostatic systems.

---

Interaction Classifications and Restrictions

Concomitant Products Affecting Hemostasis: The most significant and officially recognized interaction involves medicines that also influence blood clotting or platelet function. Co-administration with other agents that increase the risk of bleeding requires careful regulatory consideration. This class includes, but is not limited to, anticoagulants and certain antiplatelet agents.

• Interacting Product Categories: Anticoagulants, antiplatelet medicines.
• Interaction Classification: Pharmacodynamic synergy/additive effect.
• Resulting Restriction: Use with caution; the combination may heighten the risk of hemorrhage due to the established capacity of Dextran to prolong bleeding time and reduce platelet adhesiveness.

Interference with Laboratory Testing: Regulatory documents highlight that Dextran may interfere with certain laboratory tests, including blood group matching (e.g., cross-matching), protein determinations, and specific blood chemistry analyses. Proper communication with laboratory personnel regarding product administration is essential to ensure accurate test results. Specific timing-based restrictions for drawing blood samples may be necessary to mitigate this interference.

Полиглюкин is a high molecular weight plasma substitute, chemically identified as dextran (specifically, Dextran 60 or Polyglukin). Its primary action is mediated by its highly colloidal, osmotic activity following intravenous administration.

Upon entering the systemic circulation, the colloidal polysaccharide molecules of dextran are confined largely to the vascular compartment, as they are unable to readily cross capillary membranes. This selective retention of the large molecules elevates the intravascular oncotic pressure within the plasma.

The resulting osmotic gradient drives the movement of free water from the interstitial space into the circulatory system, a process known as fluid shift. This transcapillary fluid shift increases the circulating plasma volume and decreases the relative concentration of blood cellular components and plasma proteins, resulting in hemodilution. This system-level physiological modulation leads to an increase in venous return, cardiac preload, and, consequently, stroke volume and cardiac output.

How to Use Полиглюкин (Dextran 70)

The administration of Полиглюкин (Dextran 70) is defined by clinical standards, focusing on precise intravenous dosing and rate control within specialized medical settings. This medication is available as a 6% Dextran 70 Infusion Solution, often suspended in 0.9% Sodium Chloride or 5% Glucose.

---

Official Administration Guidelines

Instruction Entity	Detail (Strictly Label-Based)
Route of Administration	Strictly Intravenous (IV) Infusion.
Maximum Dosing Limits	Maximum daily dose in the first 24 hours must not exceed 1.2 g/kg body weight (or 20 mL/kg). Subsequent daily use is limited to 0.6 g/kg (10 mL/kg).
Infusion Rate	Rate is variable based on the patient's state. In acute shock, the infusion may be rapid, up to 40 mL per minute. When the patient is stable (normovolemic), the rate must be slowed, generally not exceeding 4 mL per minute.
Course Duration	The duration is restricted to short-term, acute use, typically not exceeding 5 days to 2 weeks total.
Geriatric Principle	Dose selection for older adults must be done with care, utilizing the lowest limit possible of the official dose range.

---

Procedural Framework

Usage involves administering the 6% solution using sterile, apyrogen administration sets, with the infusion rate continually adjusted based on the patient's volume status. The total amount administered is constrained by weight-based limits to prevent over-administration. Any unused portion of the infusion solution must be discarded as the product lacks preservatives. This procedural structure necessitates that the use of this volume expander remains a monitored, short-duration intervention.

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies

Poliglukin (Polyglucin) is a historical name for a solution containing high-molecular-weight dextran, a polysaccharide primarily used as a plasma volume expander to restore blood volume in cases of significant fluid loss, such as from trauma, hemorrhage, or burns. Dextrans are high-molecular-weight colloids that remain in the bloodstream, exerting an osmotic effect that draws fluid from tissues into the circulatory system.

While Poliglukin is a well-established agent, recent clinical research has focused less on its traditional use for volume expansion and more on the dextran component's role in drug delivery and novel medical technologies.

---

Modern Research Focus: Dextran Conjugates

The primary area of current research involving dextran relates to its use as a carrier or adjuvant in experimental therapies, rather than as a standalone plasma expander. Key preclinical and developmental studies include:

• Vaccine Development: Studies have investigated polyglucin (dextran) conjugates with substances like spermidine and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for use as carriers for mRNA and recombinant protein vaccines, such as those against SARS-CoV-2. This research suggests dextran-based systems may be studied for their potential to enhance the immune response in animal models.
• Microcirculation: Dextran 40, a lower-molecular-weight variant, continues to be studied in specialized surgical settings, like microsurgery, for its potential effect in improving microcirculation and reducing platelet aggregation during procedures.

---

Classic Dextran Clinical Trials

Classic clinical studies of dextrans (including dextran 40 and 70) often compare their safety and efficacy against other volume expanders like albumin, particularly in patients with critical conditions. The evidence base confirms that dextran acts as an effective volume expander, but its use is often limited in modern practice due to the availability of alternatives with different risk profiles.

Study Focus	Dextran Type	Typical Findings
Plasma Volume Expansion	Dextran 70	Shown to be effective in restoring circulating volume following hemorrhage.
Microcirculation / Thrombosis	Dextran 40	Studied for its anti-thrombotic properties in preventing vascular complications.

Key Studies & References

1. Dextran - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf

Common questions about Полиглюкин (FAQ)

Q: What is the main use or purpose of Полиглюкин?

A: According to the official product information, Полиглюкин is primarily a plasma substitute used to correct conditions associated with hypovolemia. Hypovolemia is a state where the volume of circulating blood plasma is low, such as after significant blood loss or shock. The solution's design as a plasma expander aims to support the restoration of circulating blood volume.

---

Q: How long does Полиглюкин stay active in the body?

A: The regulatory documents state that Полиглюкин has a prolonged action in the bloodstream. The substance is noted to remain circulating in the vessels for more than 24 hours. This sustained presence is designed to maintain the volume-expanding effects over a longer period.

---

Q: Is Полиглюкин considered a blood component or a blood substitute?

A: Studies and official information indicate that Полиглюкин is classified as a plasma substitute and a detoxifying agent. It is not a component of blood itself, but rather a sterile solution used to replace lost blood volume, particularly the plasma part. It is also noted to have properties that can help neutralize or clear certain toxins.

---

Q: What does it mean that Полиглюкин has a 'detoxifying effect'?

A: Official documents describe a detoxifying effect for Полиглюкин, meaning it can help remove toxins from the body. This is achieved by its ability to bind to toxic products circulating in the blood and facilitate their excretion. This mechanism is noted in the product information to be relevant in conditions associated with the buildup of toxic substances.

---

Q: How does Полиглюкин help with shock?

A: According to regulatory sources, Полиглюкин is indicated for various types of shock, including traumatic, burn, and surgical shock. Its function is to support the increase in blood plasma volume, which, according to the official product information, is intended to help stabilize blood pressure and support circulation during shock states. This is a primary function of its use as a plasma substitute.

Official Storage and Disposal Requirements

Regulatory agencies define strict conditions for storing and disposing of Polyglukin (Poliglyukin) injection solutions to ensure product quality and patient safety.

Storage Constraints:

• Temperature: Store the product within the temperature range specified on the official label (e.g., typically not above 25 C or 30 C).
• Protection: Keep the medicine in its original container or outer carton to protect it from light and maintain sterility.
• Handling: The solution must not be used if it is frozen, turbid, or contains visible particles.
• Children: Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.

Disposal Rules:

• Any unused product or related waste materials must be disposed of in accordance with local regulations.
• Medicines must not be disposed of via wastewater or standard household waste to protect the environment.