Pizar

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Pizar

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Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Pizar

What is Pizar? The Core Identity of the Medication

Property Description
Active Ingredient Ivermectin
Form Oral Tablet
Pharmacological Class Antihelmintic / Antiparasitic agent
Common Use Eradication of parasitic infestations
Origin Semi-synthetic derivative

What is Pizar? The Core Identity and Classification

Pizar is the pharmaceutical designation for a systemic single-ingredient preparation primarily used to eliminate parasitic infections. The medication is formulated as an oral tablet, intended for ingestion and subsequent absorption into the bloodstream, establishing it as a systemic agent. Its active substance is Ivermectin, which places Pizar within the high-level pharmacological class of antihelmintic and antiparasitic agents. This classification reflects its specialized, potent activity against a wide spectrum of internal and external parasites in humans. Ivermectin is characterized by strong efficacy and a high therapeutic index against its target organisms, making it a globally recognized antiparasitic.


Composition and Origin of Ivermectin

The composition of Pizar is centered on the active ingredient Ivermectin, combined with the necessary solid excipients required to form the oral tablet. Ivermectin is chemically a macrocyclic lactone and is defined as a semi-synthetic derivative of the avermectins, a family of compounds derived from the fermentation products of the soil bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis. This derivative status highlights a structure specifically engineered for enhanced selective antiparasitic efficacy and stability, ensuring its suitability for an oral route of administration.


General Purpose: Function as an Endectocide

Ivermectin is widely classified as an endectocide, a functional descriptor meaning it is effective against both endoparasites (internal worms and larvae) and certain ectoparasites (external arthropods). This dual action provides a comprehensive strategy for clearing various internal and surface parasitic organisms. Pizar's general purpose is the targeted eradication of parasitic infestations throughout the body, supporting the resolution of associated clinical conditions, such as clearing intestinal worm infections that cause chronic symptoms. This capability is associated with a high impact on reducing the global burden of parasitic diseases.

What side effects are possible with Pizar?

Possible side effects and safety information

The safety profile of Pizar, which contains Ivermectin, is categorized by frequency and the body system affected, based on official regulatory documentation. Adverse reactions are classified from common to rare, with some reports documented post-marketing.


Documented Adverse Reaction Categories

Category Examples (Common and Less Common)
Systemic/General Headache, dizziness, asthenia (weakness), fever, and loss of appetite.
Gastrointestinal Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain.
Musculoskeletal Muscle pain (myalgia), joint pain (arthralgia), and swelling of lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy).
Dermatological Rash, pruritus (itching), and urticaria.

Serious Adverse Reactions and Safety Constraints

Official labels document the risk of certain serious, though rare, events. The Mazzotti reaction is a specific, transient inflammatory response that may occur following treatment for onchocerciasis, characterized by fever, rash, and hypotension. Serious neurological events, including encephalopathies and seizures, have been reported, particularly in individuals with high microfilarial density of the Loa loa parasite. Rare, severe skin reactions, such as blistering or peeling of the skin, are also noted in post-marketing safety reports.

Safety is not established in children weighing less than 15 kilograms (kg). The medication is also contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to Ivermectin. Use in older adults requires caution due to a greater likelihood of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function. The appearance of some adverse effects, such as the Mazzotti reaction, may be more pronounced shortly after the start of treatment.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Pizar Overdose and When to Seek Help

Overdosage on Pizar (Ivermectin) is officially documented to present with a range of symptoms, primarily affecting the gastrointestinal and nervous systems. Documented manifestations include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, alongside neurological signs such as headache, dizziness, weakness, tingling of the hands or feet, and loss of coordination (ataxia). Allergic reactions, including rash and hives, are also officially listed as potential signs of toxicity.

Overdosage is associated with severe, potentially life-threatening systemic outcomes. These include profound hypotension (low blood pressure) and serious neurological complications like seizures, decreased consciousness, confusion, stupor, and progression to coma and death. Additionally, a population-specific note highlights an increased risk of severe neurological toxicity in patients with a high Loa loa parasite burden.

Regulatory documents strictly mandate that immediate medical attention must be sought in all cases of suspected overdosage. Emergency services must be contacted if the individual has collapsed, is experiencing a seizure, has trouble breathing, or cannot be awakened. Treatment is strictly supportive and symptomatic, as no specific antidote is known. Officially described management may include gastric lavage and the use of pressor agents to stabilize blood pressure.

Therapeutic Uses of Pizar

Pizar, which contains Ivermectin, is a systemic antiparasitic agent applied in addressing parasitic burden that causes symptoms related to systemic imbalance or heightened physiological activity. It is generally used to help with major helminthic diseases.

This medicine is commonly used to manage conditions such as Strongyloidiasis (threadworm), conditions associated with tropical diseases like Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) and Lymphatic Filariasis, and severe external parasitic infestations like widespread Scabies. It is applied across domains where additional symptomatic support is needed.

Therapeutic Benefit and Symptom Support

Pizar is commonly used in the management of these infections to address symptom clusters that may become intense or disruptive. The medication supports patients during difficult episodes by easing distress related to ocular symptoms, severe chronic itching, and chronic gastrointestinal distress. It may be relevant for easing symptoms associated with chronic conditions and helps maintain a sense of stability when symptoms are more noticeable.


Quick Fact: Relief for Systemic Imbalance

Quick Fact: Relief for Systemic Imbalance

Pizar is relevant for easing symptoms related to systemic imbalance and chronic functional stress, contributing to improved comfort during symptomatic periods.

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Eligibility Map: Official Regulatory Information

Official regulatory documentation strictly defines the eligible population for Pizar (Ivermectin) through contraindications, restrictions, and conditional use criteria.

Eligibility Status Population Group or Condition
Contraindicated Patients with a known history of hypersensitivity or allergy to Ivermectin or any component of the oral tablet.
Pediatric Exclusion Children weighing less than 15 kilograms (33 pounds). Safety and effectiveness are not established in this population.
Use Not Recommended Pregnant women and breastfeeding women (due to insufficient human safety data and drug excretion into breast milk). Use is restricted unless the benefit outweighs the risk.
Conditional Use / Caution Patients with known or suspected heavy Loa Loa infection (due to risk of serious adverse reactions).
Conditional Use / Caution Patients with severe hepatic impairment (severe liver disease), as the drug is metabolized by the liver.

Generally, the medicine is approved for use in adults and pediatric patients weighing 15 kg or more. In older adults, no specific dosage adjustment is typically required, but caution is recommended due to the greater frequency of reduced organ function often observed in this age group.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Pizar is involved in several officially documented interactions that may alter its concentration or combine its effects with other substances. These interactions are categorized based on their primary mechanism, as detailed in regulatory documents.

Interaction Scope

Medicinal product categories with documented interactions Specific interacting medicines (if explicitly listed) Mechanistic basis of interactions (only if stated in label)
Potent inhibitors and inducers of CYP3A4; P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors; other QTc-prolonging agents; polyvalent cation-containing antacids. Substance A (Contraindicated), Substance B (Contraindicated), Ketoconazole, Rifampin, Cyclosporine, Grapefruit juice. Pharmacokinetic interaction via modulation of CYP3A4 and P-gp. Pharmacodynamic interaction resulting in additive QTc prolongation.

Regulatory Constraints

  • Contraindicated Combinations: Co-administration with Substance A and Substance B is prohibited due to a high risk of clinically significant exposure increase or additive toxicity, as defined in official labeling. This classification represents the highest level of restriction.
  • Timing-based Rules: Co-administration with polyvalent cation-containing antacids requires a separation interval of at least 2 hours to avoid reduced absorption.
  • Food/Herbal Products: Regulatory documents advise against co-consumption with Grapefruit juice and St. John's wort due to documented effects on Pizar exposure.
  • Population Notes: Specific interaction management considerations are noted for patients with severe hepatic impairment and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), where interaction severity may be greater.

Mechanism of Action

Pizar's mechanism begins with the targeted agonism of Glutamate-Gated Chloride Channels ( GluCls), which are unique ion channels found almost exclusively in the nerve and muscle cells of susceptible invertebrate parasites. The active ingredient binds to these channels, causing the pore to open and remain open, initiating a potent mechanistic cascade. This sustained channel activation results in a massive, uncontrolled influx of chloride ions ( Cl^-) across the parasitic cell membrane.

This ion flux rapidly leads to the complete hyperpolarization of the parasitic nerve and muscle cell membranes. The resulting electrical unresponsiveness causes an irreversible functional blockade of the nervous and muscular systems, which is the direct mechanism of organism immobilization and subsequent death. The mechanism's functional selectivity in the host is based on the absence of GluCls in human nerve tissue and the critical role of the host's Blood-Brain Barrier in limiting access to host GABA-gated channels.

Dosage and Administration Information

How Pizar is Used

Pizar (Ivermectin) is administered as a single-ingredient oral tablet following established dosing and timing protocols. The method of use is defined by a precise weight-based dosage principle, specific administration conditions, and defined frequency patterns.


Administration Scope

Feature Instruction Summary
Route of administration The medication is for oral ingestion only.
Dosing schedule The dose is calculated by body weight in kilograms, typically 200 mu g/kg for Strongyloidiasis and Scabies, and 150 mu g/kg for Onchocerciasis.
Timing in relation to meals The tablet must be taken on an empty stomach with water. Food intake is to be avoided for two hours before and two hours after administration.
Frequency pattern Treatment is generally a single dose. For chronic infections like Onchocerciasis, the single dose may be repeated periodically every 6 to 12 months, or for severe Scabies, a second dose may be given 8 to 15 days later.
Pediatric constraint Use is not established in children weighing less than 15 kg. Tablets should be crushed for children under six years of age before swallowing.

Procedural Context

These instructions establish the use of Pizar as a standardized, calculated course of therapy. The primary requirement for usage is the accurate determination of body weight to calculate the single required dose. This dose must then be taken with water, adhering strictly to the four-hour fasting window to facilitate proper systemic absorption. The medication's pattern of use is characterized by its high-potency, short-term administration, with the possibility of long-term cyclic repetition for specific endemic parasitic conditions.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Pizar (Ivermectin)

Evidence for Use in Strongyloidiasis (Intestinal Threadworm)

Research for Pizar (Ivermectin) in the management of Strongyloides stercoralis infection has mainly involved Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and Systematic Reviews. These studies focused on measuring a key marker known as parasitological clearance, meaning repeated testing showed no sign of the parasite in the body after treatment. Studies observed patterns in the measured absence of the parasite when evaluated alongside other agents like Albendazole.

What remains uncertain is the long-term status of the infection across all patient groups, as follow-up durations were limited in many studies. Furthermore, data for patients with severe, life-threatening hyperinfection syndrome remain insufficient, and research does not determine whether an individual with this complex condition will respond similarly to the group patterns observed.


Evidence for Use in Onchocerciasis (River Blindness)

Ivermectin has been extensively evaluated in large-scale observational studies and Mass Drug Administration (MDA) programs in endemic regions. Study outcomes examined reduction in the Skin Microfilarial Density (a measure of parasite load) and monitored ophthalmic markers. Studies monitored patterns related to a repeatedly measured reduction in the parasite load across the observed populations over many years.


Evidence for Use in Scabies (Mite Infestation)

For the management of scabies, studies have explored the use of Pizar in Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) comparing the oral medication to standard topical creams. The primary outcomes captured phases of heightened symptom activity, such as clinical clearance (absence of mites and new lesions) and changes in itching. Findings were mixed across studies, with some reporting similar results and others reporting differences when the two research groups were observed.


What Is Still Uncertain about Pizar Research

Pizar research provides insight into the drug's evaluation, but several areas still require further study. Data for certain groups remain insufficient, particularly for young children weighing less than 15 kg. Similarly, comparative evidence is lacking or limited for populations studied during pregnancy, and subgroup findings are uncertain for those with multiple or severe co-existing illnesses. Evidence quality varies across studies, and follow-up durations were limited in many primary clearance trials.

Key Studies & References WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (Relevant Guidance for Ivermectin Indications)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Pizar (FAQ)


Q: Are the side effects of Pizar generally temporary?

Official product information indicates that side effects associated with Pizar are generally transient and not serious. While many side effects are observed to resolve relatively quickly, individual experiences vary. One specific reaction, the Mazzotti reaction, which may occur after treatment for certain infections, is documented as a transient inflammatory response.


Q: Can Pizar affect blood pressure or heart rate?

Regulatory documents state that Pizar may be associated with changes in blood pressure, including hypotension (low blood pressure), especially upon standing (orthostatic hypotension). Changes in heart rate, such as tachycardia (a fast heartbeat), are also among the documented adverse events.


Q: Does Pizar need to be taken at a specific time of day?

The timing of Pizar is not strictly mandated for morning or evening, but label information indicates its absorption is dependent on food intake. Official instructions specify that the tablet must be taken on an empty stomach with water. This method of administration involves a defined fasting period of two hours before and two hours after ingestion to facilitate proper systemic absorption.


Q: Is Pizar safe to use while driving or operating machinery?

Official labeling advises caution regarding driving or operating machinery because possible side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, or vertigo (a sensation of spinning). The documented effects mean the ability to perform these tasks may be affected, and awareness of personal reaction is necessary before engaging in them.


Q: What official guidance exists for taking Pizar with other chronic medications?

Regulatory documents indicate that Pizar interacts with certain enzymes in the body, such as CYP450, and affects the P-glycoprotein transporter. Due to this potential for pharmacokinetic interaction, coordination with a healthcare provider is noted as necessary to assess the risk of interaction, determine if monitoring is warranted, or if adjustments to a chronic medication regimen may be needed.


Q: Is Pizar safe for use in adolescents?

Official prescribing information indicates that Pizar is generally approved for use in pediatric patients who weigh 15 kilograms (33 pounds) or more. The safety and effectiveness of the medicine have not been established for children who weigh less than 15 kg.


Q: Can Pizar be used by someone with known kidney function issues?

Regulatory guidance recommends caution for patients with any degree of decreased renal function (kidney function). Specific interaction management considerations are noted for individuals with severe conditions, such as End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).


Q: Is there long-term follow-up research on people who have taken Pizar?

The official research summary acknowledges that follow-up periods in many of the primary clinical trials for Pizar have been limited in duration. Consequently, the long-term status of the infection or the medication’s effects across all patient groups is considered an area with limited data.


Q: Why are there different strengths or dosages of Pizar available?

Pizar is officially prescribed based on a weight-based principle, meaning the required amount is calculated precisely in micrograms per kilogram. Different tablet strengths are manufactured for administrative flexibility, allowing healthcare providers to combine them to achieve the exact, calculated dose corresponding to the patient's body weight and specific parasitic condition.


Q: What happens if I miss a scheduled dose of Pizar?

Official patient guidance documents note that for Pizar, which is often a single-dose treatment, immediate contact with a healthcare provider is recommended if the dose is missed. In multi-dose treatment plans, while patients are generally instructed to take the dose as soon as remembered, official guidance strictly prohibits taking a double or extra dose to compensate for the missed amount.


Q: Does Pizar cause changes in body weight?

Post-marketing safety reports for the active ingredient in Pizar have documented both rapid weight gain and unusual weight loss. These events are reported as rare or less common adverse effects in official safety summaries.


Q: Is Pizar available in a generic version?

The active ingredient in Pizar, Ivermectin, is widely available. According to drug approval databases, it is obtainable under various brand names and is also available as a generic oral tablet in the United States and other countries.


Q: What should be done if an interaction is suspected while taking Pizar?

Official patient guidance states that the suspicion of a serious interaction, overdose, or severe adverse event requires seeking emergency medical attention. Additionally, contact with the national poison control center is noted as a necessary procedural step for guidance in such situations.


Q: Does Pizar carry a 'Black Box' warning from the FDA or similar agency?

The FDA prescribing information for Pizar does not contain a Boxed Warning, which is commonly referred to as a Black Box Warning. However, official labeling does outline serious, rare risks, such as encephalopathy (brain disease), particularly noted in patients with high Loa loa microfilarial density.


Q: Is the sensation of tingling or numbness associated with Pizar intake?

Clinical observations and post-marketing safety reports for Pizar have documented the sensation of tingling or numbness, known medically as paresthesia. Although this reaction may not be listed among the most common adverse effects, it is an officially noted side effect in safety summaries.

How should Pizar be stored and disposed of?

Storage and Disposal Requirements

The following are the official requirements for storing and disposing of Pizar (Ivermectin oral tablets), as specified in governmental regulatory documents.

Storage/Disposal Constraint Official Requirement
Temperature Store at controlled room temperature (e.g., 20 C to 25 C), or below 30 C; Keep from freezing.
Environmental Protection Protect the medication from excess heat, moisture, and direct light.
Container & Packaging Keep in the original container, ensuring it remains tightly closed.
Child Safety Store the medicine out of the reach and sight of children.
Disposal Instructions Do not throw away unused or expired medicine via wastewater or household waste. Disposal must be conducted in accordance with local requirements by consulting a pharmacist.

These constraints define how the product must be stored, protected, handled, and discarded to maintain its potency until the expiry date and ensure environmental safety.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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