Nicobion

For the topical treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris.

Apply to the affected area twice daily after the skin has been thoroughly washed with warm water and soap. Enough gel should be used to cover the affected area.

No difference in dose or dose schedule is recommended for adults, children or the elderly.

Treatment should continue for as long as necessary. Depending on the severity of the condition, individual courses of treatment may take several weeks.

If there is no improvement within 12 weeks, or if the condition deteriorates at any stage, patients should seek advice from a doctor or pharmacist.

For cutaneous use.

Contraindicated in persons who have shown hypersensitivity to any of its ingredients.

This product is not suitable for patients with severe acne, who should be encouraged to seek treatment advice from a doctor or pharmacist.

For external use only and to be kept away from the eyes and mucous membranes, including those of the nose and mouth. If excessive dryness, irritation or peeling occurs reduce the dosage to one application per day or every other day.

None known.

The most frequently encountered adverse effect reported is dryness of the skin. Other less frequent adverse effects include pruritus, erythema, burning sensation and irritation.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard.

Not applicable.

Niacin (nicotinic acid) is an essential B complex Vitamin (B₃), whose deficiency results in the clinical syndrome known as pellagra. Nicotinic acid is converted in the body to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), which function as coenzymes for a wide variety of vital oxidation-reduction reactions. Nicotinamide (niacinamide), the active ingredient, is the physiologically active form of niacin and is the chemical form of Vitamin B₃ found in virtually all multivitamin products. Though nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are so closely related chemically, they differ somewhat in pharmacological properties. Nicotinic acid products exhibit moderately intense cutaneous vasodilation, resulting frequently in mild headaches and flushing or tingling of the skin, but such reactions have not been observed with nicotinamide. Nicotinic acid has also been used for its effect to lower plasma cholesterol, again a property not shared by nicotinamide.

Nicotinamide has demonstrated beneficial effects on inflammatory acne. It is considered that these effects are related to its significant anti-inflammatory activity.

Percutaneous absorption levels of nicotinamide, even following application to broken and inflamed acne skin, are very low compared to the oral doses routinely used in multivitamin products.

Following oral administration, nicotinamide is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and widely distributed in the body tissues. The main route of metabolism is the conversion to N -methylnicotinamide and the 2-pyridone and 4-pyridone derivatives; nicotinuric acid is also formed. Small amounts of nicotinamide are excreted unchanged in the urine; this amount increases with larger doses.

Nicotinic acid amide (nicotinamide) has been recognised since 1937 as an essential B complex vitamin whose deficiency results in the clinical syndrome known as pellagra. It is widely available, in tablets and in sterile solution in water for intravenous administration, for the prophylaxis and treatment of pellagra and nutritional deficiency.

In the United States, nicotinamide is included in the Food and Drug Administration's listing of nutritional agents which are Generally Recognised As Safe (GRAS).

None known.

None stated.