Lot

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Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 10/01/2026

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Lot

What is Lot? (Losartan Potassium)

Property Description
Active ingredient Losartan potassium
Form Oral tablet (Film-coated)
Pharmacological class Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)
General purpose Management of systemic circulatory pressure
Origin Synthetic, non-peptide molecule

The medicine known by the trade name Lot is a prescription-only drug containing the active ingredient Losartan potassium. It is formally classified as an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB), representing a synthetic, non-peptide molecule delivered in the form of an oral tablet. This medication acts as an antihypertensive agent by directly modulating the body's pressure-regulating systems.


What Type of Drug is Losartan Potassium?

Losartan potassium belongs to the pharmacological class of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs). This medicine is derived synthetically and is prepared as a solid oral formulation, typically a film-coated tablet, designed for systemic absorption via the oral route. Losartan is available both as a single-entity product and is frequently prepared in fixed-dose combinations with other complementary agents, such as diuretics. This flexibility in formulation supports broad use across patient groups who require consistent pressure management.


What is the Primary Benefit of Using Losartan?

Losartan's primary function is to serve as an effective selective antagonist, interfering with the powerful chemical messenger Angiotensin II within the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). By blocking the AT1 receptors, the drug prevents the signaling that causes blood vessels to tighten, thereby promoting vasodilation and vessel relaxation. The drug produces a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. This physiological effect is essential in maintaining appropriate vascular tone and supporting overall circulatory control.

What side effects are possible with Lot?

Possible side effects and safety information

The safety profile of Losartan potassium is documented in official regulatory sources, classifying adverse events by frequency and the body system affected. These classifications reflect how government regulatory documents organize and communicate the medicine’s official safety profile.

Adverse reactions are formally categorized:

  • Common Reactions: These effects occur in 1 to 10 out of every 100 patients. They typically involve conditions like dizziness, headache, fatigue, upper respiratory tract infection, and cough. [DailyMed Losartan]
  • Uncommon Reactions: These occur in 1 to 10 out of every 1,000 patients. Examples include palpitations, insomnia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and skin effects like rash and pruritus.
  • Rare Reactions: These occur in less than 1 out of every 1,000 patients and include the serious adverse reaction of Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, throat, and/or tongue) and Hepatitis. [FDA Label Cozaar]

Safety constraints define limitations for use. The medication is strictly contraindicated during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to documented risks of fetal injury. Safety precautions are noted for patients with specific pre-existing conditions, such as bilateral renal artery stenosis, which may affect kidney function. The regulatory documents also constrain co-administration with potassium-sparing diuretics or supplements, as this carries a risk of Hyperkalemia (elevated serum potassium levels). [EMA SmPC Losartan]

This structured profile specifies the likelihood and nature of possible risks, defining the regulatory boundaries for the medicine's application and communicating the documented safety framework.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and when to seek help

The information regarding Losartan potassium overdose is based strictly on descriptions and required actions documented in government regulatory sources, such as the FDA and EMA labeling.

Documented Overdose Presentations

The primary clinical manifestations documented in overdose scenarios are related to an exaggerated pharmacological effect, leading to abnormal hemodynamic status. This typically presents as hypotension (abnormally low blood pressure) and alterations in heart rhythm, most commonly tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), though bradycardia (slowed heartbeat) has also been reported in official documents.

Emergency Actions and Required Care

Urgent medical attention is required for any suspected overdose or in cases involving symptomatic or severe arterial hypotension. The regulatory guidance mandates that symptomatic and supportive treatment must be instituted immediately to stabilize the patient's condition. There is no specific antidote known for Losartan. Furthermore, regulatory documents explicitly state that the drug and its active metabolite cannot be removed from the system by hemodialysis.

Population-Specific Considerations

Official labeling contains specific instructions regarding neonates with a history of in utero exposure. These infants must be closely observed for potential complications, including hypotension, oliguria (low urine output), and hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels).

Therapeutic Uses of Lot

What Lot Treats: Main Uses and Benefits

Losartan potassium is commonly used to manage chronic conditions related to systemic imbalance and organ-specific functional stress. It is applied across therapeutic domains where additional symptomatic support is needed to help manage chronic, elevated circulatory pressure.

Primary Therapeutic Scope

The primary therapeutic applications are used for managing sustained elevation of systemic circulatory pressure (hypertension) in adults and children over six years old. It is also relevant for managing hypertension alongside Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, and for supporting kidney function in patients with Type 2 Diabetes who have signs of nephropathy. These uses are relevant in conditions marked by increased physiological stress.

Managing pressure in these clinical settings is commonly needed. The benefit provided may include support for easing distress related to functional strain and assisting with maintaining functional stability.

Quick Fact: Support for Chronic Circulatory Strain Losartan is commonly used to help with symptoms related to systemic imbalance, supporting patients who require long-term management of high blood pressure to mitigate associated functional strain.

The medication may assist with managing functional strain and contributes to the reduction of risk associated with systemic imbalance, such as stroke. This specialized therapeutic support contributes to easing the overall symptom load related to organ-specific functional stress.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH MedlinePlus overview

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Who Can and Cannot Use Losartan Potassium (Lot)

Official regulatory documents strictly define the patient populations eligible for Losartan potassium (Lot) based on absolute prohibitions and specific restrictions.


Contraindicated Populations (Must Not Use)

Contraindication Population Group
Pregnancy Women in the second and third trimesters (risk of fetal injury and death).
Hypersensitivity Patients with known sensitivity to Losartan or any component of the tablet.
Drug Combination Patients with Type 2 Diabetes or renal impairment concurrently receiving aliskiren.

Population-Specific Restrictions

Losartan use is established for adults and for pediatric patients aged 6 years and older for hypertension. However, use is generally not recommended for the following groups:

  • Children under 6 years of age: Safety and effectiveness are not established.
  • Pregnancy (First Trimester): Use is generally advised against.
  • Lactation/Breastfeeding: Not recommended due to potential risk to the nursing infant.

Patients with hepatic impairment (liver problems) require a lower starting dose for eligibility, and use requires caution in patients who are intravascularly volume-depleted (e.g., dehydrated).

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Losartan potassium's interaction profile details specific restrictions and outcomes involving co-administered substances, as documented in official regulatory sources.

Contraindicated Combinations

Co-administration with Aliskiren is contraindicated in patients with Diabetes Mellitus or those with moderate to severe renal impairment (GFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2). Losartan is also contraindicated during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to the risk of fetal toxicity.

Pharmacokinetic Interactions

Losartan metabolism via CYP enzymes is subject to documented pharmacokinetic interactions. The CYP2C9 inhibitor Fluconazole is officially stated to increase Losartan's plasma exposure (AUC) by approximately 70% while decreasing its active metabolite's AUC. Conversely, inducers like Rifampin may decrease the exposure of both Losartan and its active metabolite.

Pharmacodynamic Interactions

Specific pharmacodynamic risks are documented when Losartan is combined with agents that affect potassium balance. Co-administration with potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., Amiloride, Spironolactone) or potassium supplements/salt substitutes carries an increased risk of hyperkalemia. Furthermore, co-use with Lithium may result in an increase in serum lithium concentrations and risk of toxicity due to reduced renal clearance. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the antihypertensive effect and increase the risk of renal function impairment.

Administration Timing

Losartan may be administered with or without food, as a meal only causes minor changes to overall drug exposure.

Mechanism of Action

Lot functions as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), meaning its molecular activity varies depending on the tissue. Its primary mechanism involves binding to estrogen receptors ( ERs), which are nuclear transcription factors, predominantly in bone tissue. This binding event modulates the receptor's conformation, which dictates its recruitment of coactivator and corepressor proteins. In bone, this conformational change results in the increased expression of specific genes that are key in inhibiting the maturation and function of osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells).

This intracellular cascade leads to a reduction in osteoclastogenesis and overall activity, resulting in the decreased rate of bone resorption at the system level. Concurrently, Lot exhibits an antagonistic effect on estrogen receptors in endometrial tissue, meaning the ligand-receptor complex inhibits gene transcription, thereby ensuring tissue selectivity. The differential modulation of ER activity across various tissues defines the drug's specialized pharmacological action.

Dosage and Administration Information

How to Use Lot: Official Administration Guidelines

The medicine Losartan potassium is administered through the oral route as a film-coated tablet, which should be swallowed whole with water. It may be taken with or without food. For patients unable to swallow the tablet form, an oral suspension can be compounded from the tablets.

Dosing and Frequency

The standard adult dosing schedule establishes a usual starting dose of 50 mg once daily. The typical maintenance range spans from 25 mg to 100 mg as a total daily dose, with the maximum dose set at 100 mg once daily. The standard frequency is once daily, although the total daily dose may be administered in two divided doses if necessary. Pediatric use, for children aged 6 to 16, requires weight-based dosing, starting at 0.7 mg/kg (up to a 50 mg maximum).

Adjustments and Timing

Dosage adjustments are procedural and context-dependent. A lower initial dose of 25 mg once daily is directed for patients with mild-to-moderate hepatic impairment or those who are volume-depleted. Due to the time required for maximal effect on the circulatory system, any dose titration, such as increasing the amount taken, is typically considered only after the patient’s response has been assessed over 3 to 6 weeks of therapy. If a scheduled dose is missed, it is advised against taking a double dose to compensate; the patient should simply resume the usual schedule.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research evidence / Overview of Studies for Lot

Losartan potassium was studied for its application in managing chronic circulatory conditions, primarily through the use of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), comparative trials, and long-term observational studies. Studies report how outcomes related to systemic or functional imbalance evolved in observed populations, contributing to the broader evidence landscape.

Evidence for Managing High Circulatory Pressure (Hypertension)

Studies for high circulatory pressure was evaluated in large RCTs and comparative trials that involved adults and children over the age of six. Researchers primarily measured outcomes monitoring physiological strain or stress, specifically focusing on changes in Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure (BP) from the start of the study. The research so far describes patterns of change in blood pressure measurements in the populations studied. Comparative trials describe the patterns of blood pressure change relative to other observed agents.

Evidence quality varies across studies, and the findings primarily describe short-term changes. For most studies, follow-up durations were limited for primary efficacy endpoints, typically covering only 8 to 12 weeks. While long-term observational data tracks general outcomes, limited information for long-term outcomes is available for certain subgroups.

Evidence for Patients with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)

Losartan was evaluated in a large-scale, long-term, event-driven RCT specifically involving adults who had both sustained high circulatory pressure and physical changes to the heart known as Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH). Research examined the occurrence of major outcomes, such as fatal and non-fatal stroke, and overall cardiovascular mortality. Findings describe patterns observed in these studies regarding how cardiovascular events were tracked in the different observed populations.

Evidence for Kidney Support in Type 2 Diabetes

Research was evaluated in patients with conditions marked by functional limitations related to the kidneys alongside Type 2 diabetes. These were large, long-term RCTs that tracked a composite of severe renal outcomes, including the doubling of serum creatinine levels and the requirement for dialysis or kidney transplant. While patterns related to renal outcomes were described, data pertaining to overall long-term outcomes for all-cause mortality did not show significant patterns.

Evidence in Specialized or Unique Research Contexts

Losartan was evaluated in RCTs and long-term observational studies involving adults and children with Marfan Syndrome (MFS), a condition marked by functional limitations related to connective tissue. Findings from trials describe patterns observed in the studies related to the rate of Aortic Root Dilatation (a measure of aortic health) over several years. The research contributes to the broader evidence landscape, but the definitive tracking of clinical events long-term effects are not fully established.

Key Studies & References

  1. MedlinePlus Drug Information: Losartan
  2. Losartan Versus Atenolol for Prevention of Aortic Dilation in Patients With Marfan Syndrome (Pediatric Heart Network Trial)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Lot (FAQ)


Q: How quickly can someone expect to feel effects after starting Lot?

Lot is prescribed for chronic conditions, and its full effect on the circulatory system takes time. Official guidelines indicate that a patient's response is typically assessed over 3 to 6 weeks before any decision is made to adjust the dosage. This timeframe suggests that the maximal effects observed in studies are achieved over several weeks.


Q: What is the purpose of the 'inactive' ingredients in Lot?

The official labeling for Lot lists the active drug, Losartan potassium, and various inactive ingredients. These inactive components, such as coloring agents, lactose, and cellulose, are necessary for forming the tablet, ensuring its stability, and aiding its delivery, but they do not contribute to the medicinal effect.


Q: Is Lot used for anything other than its main approved condition?

Yes, official indications state that Lot is approved for several uses. These include managing high blood pressure (hypertension), helping to reduce the risk of stroke in patients who have high blood pressure and an enlarged heart (LVH), and treating kidney problems in patients with Type 2 diabetes.


Q: How long does Lot typically stay in your system?

Pharmacokinetic data from regulatory documents describe how the drug is processed by the body. The half-life of Losartan itself is approximately two hours, meaning half of the drug is cleared in that time. The active compound that the body creates from Losartan has a longer half-life, typically ranging from six to nine hours.


Q: Can Lot cause weight gain or loss?

Official adverse event reporting for the medicine does not list unexpected weight gain or weight loss as a common or frequent side effect. The official side effect profile is organized by frequency and does not list these as common or frequent adverse reactions.


Q: Does Lot affect sleep or cause insomnia?

The official safety profile documents insomnia, which is difficulty falling or staying asleep, as an uncommon adverse reaction. This means it is an effect observed in a small percentage of patients, specifically 1 to 10 out of every 1,000 people who use the medicine.


Q: Are there any over-the-counter pain relievers that interact with Lot?

Yes, official drug interaction information specifically lists Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) as interacting agents. Co-administration with these agents is associated with a possible reduction in the desired blood pressure effect and carries an increased risk of renal function impairment.


Q: Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Lot?

Official warnings note that co-use with alcohol may result in an additive effect on blood pressure lowering. This potential effect could increase the risk of symptoms such as dizziness or low blood pressure.


Q: Are there special considerations for older adults taking Lot?

Regulatory documents indicate that an initial dosage adjustment is typically not required for older adults. However, official documents describe that geriatric patients may exhibit increased sensitivity to the effects of the medicine.


Q: Do I need to change my diet while I'm taking Lot?

Patients are officially cautioned regarding certain dietary items that affect potassium levels. Salt substitutes that contain potassium and potassium supplements carry an increased risk of elevated serum potassium levels. Official warnings highlight the importance of understanding the potential impact of these products.


Q: Is Lot addictive or habit-forming?

Lot is not designated as a controlled substance in official government drug classifications. This classification confirms that the medicine is not considered to be an addictive or habit-forming substance.


Q: How long can a person safely take Lot?

Losartan potassium is officially indicated for the management of chronic, or long-term, health conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetic nephropathy. This indicates that it is a treatment designed for chronic management, with long-term use being based on the assessment of a healthcare provider.


Q: Can Lot be split or crushed?

The medicine is administered as a film-coated tablet which is intended to be swallowed whole. However, for patients unable to swallow the solid form, official information indicates that an alternative liquid formulation can be prepared by a healthcare professional.


Q: What is the risk of an allergic reaction to Lot?

The risk of a severe allergic reaction, specifically Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, or throat), is documented in the official safety information. This event is classified as a rare adverse event, meaning it occurs infrequently in patients.


Q: Does Lot impact kidney or liver function?

Official warnings state that changes in renal (kidney) function, including renal failure, have been reported in susceptible individuals. Furthermore, the use of Lot is strictly contraindicated in patients who have severe hepatic (liver) impairment.


Q: Is Lot available without a prescription in some countries?

According to the medicine's official classification, Lot is designated as a prescription-only drug. This means its availability is generally defined by the requirement of a valid prescription from an authorized healthcare provider.


Q: Can Lot cause issues with vision or hearing?

Official adverse event reporting has included reports of ringing in the ears, known as tinnitus, as a less common side effect. Specific issues related to vision are not commonly listed in the safety profile.


Q: What happens if I take more Lot than prescribed?

Regulatory documents on overdosage indicate that the most likely effects would be hypotension (extremely low blood pressure) and tachycardia (a very rapid heartbeat). Official documents indicate that supportive care is appropriate for managing these events.


Q: What is the full list of ingredients in Lot?

The complete list of ingredients is published within the official prescribing information documents. This includes the active drug, Losartan potassium, as well as all of the tablet's inactive components.

How should Lot be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Losartan Potassium Tablets

The storage of Losartan Potassium tablets must adhere strictly to Controlled Room Temperature requirements, which mandate storage at 25 C (77 F), with allowed excursions between 15 C and 30 C. The medicine must be protected from light and kept in its tightly-closed original container to maintain product stability and exclude moisture, as specified in regulatory labeling. To ensure child safety, the product must be kept out of the reach of children.

Disposal of unused or expired tablets must comply with official instructions. The medicine should be disposed of via a medicine take-back program or as directed by a healthcare provider. The tablets must not be flushed down the toilet or poured into a drain.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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