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Кетопрофен

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Кетопрофен

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Medically reviewed

Laura Arias

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

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Overview of Кетопрофен

Property Description
Active Ingredient Ketoprofen (INN)
Pharmacological Class Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
Origin Synthetic Organic Compound
Forms Tablet, Capsule, Gel, Solution (Injection), Suppository
General Purpose Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic

What Type of Medicine is Кетопрофен?

Кетопрофен (Ketoprofen) is defined as a non-selective Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID), belonging specifically to the Propionic acid derivative chemical class. It is a synthetic organic compound whose primary function is to manage discomfort and reduce swelling. This classification signifies its general therapeutic purpose as a comprehensive anti-inflammatory agent and nonnarcotic analgesic. This INN is used for symptomatic relief across various conditions involving pain and inflammation.

Composition and Available Forms of Кетопрофен

The medicine is predominantly a single-component product, with the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) Ketoprofen as the sole active ingredient. Known commercially under various names, Ketoprofen is clinically recognized for its versatility in delivery, being available in multiple dosage forms. These include the oral solid form (such as a tablet or capsule), preparations for parenteral delivery (solution for injection), and topical formats like the topical gel (emulgel). This wide range allows for targeted administration; for example, the topical gel is often utilized for localized musculoskeletal discomfort. The overall composition of these forms combines the active substance with specific pharmaceutical excipients appropriate for its final use.

The Foundational Action: How Кетопрофен Works (High-Level)

The primary action of Кетопрофен is rooted in its role as a potent Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, which interrupts the body's inflammatory cycle. This mechanical inhibition significantly reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are key mediators that generate pain signals and drive the inflammatory response. This mechanism relates to the drug’s ability to reduce inflammation and discomfort, as Ketoprofen works by directly turning down the chemical signals that trigger pain and swelling. This core function translates directly into the general benefit of providing reliable pain relief and mitigating inflammation, alongside an ancillary antipyretic effect for fever reduction.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH LiverTox entry for Ketoprofen
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What side effects are possible with Кетопрофен?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

Ketoprofen is associated with documented risks, including Boxed Warnings from regulatory authorities regarding serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal events. These warnings highlight the potential for increased risk of serious, sometimes fatal, cardiovascular thrombotic events (Myocardial Infarction and Stroke) and serious gastrointestinal adverse events (bleeding, ulceration, and perforation).

Adverse Reactions

Commonly reported side effects primarily involve the gastrointestinal system and central nervous system, and may include heartburn, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, headache, dizziness, and drowsiness.

Serious and Clinically Significant Adverse Reactions are rare but require immediate attention and include:

  • Cardiovascular: Increased blood pressure, heart failure symptoms (e.g., swelling, rapid weight gain), and the major thrombotic risks. Use is contraindicated for peri-operative pain in the setting of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.
  • Gastrointestinal: Bleeding, ulceration, and perforation, which can occur without warning symptoms.
  • Hepatic and Renal: Rare but potentially fatal liver injury (e.g., jaundice, severe liver disease) and serious kidney problems (e.g., decreased urination, blood in urine, renal papillary necrosis).
  • Hypersensitivity: Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and serious skin reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis).

Safety Considerations

Population-Specific Risk: Older adults are at a significantly higher risk for serious GI bleeding, cardiovascular events, and kidney dysfunction. Risk of serious events generally increases with higher doses and longer duration of use.

Pregnancy/Exposure: Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) around or after 20 weeks of gestation may harm the fetus or cause complications; use after 30 weeks is generally advised against due to the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus.

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Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and when to seek help

The official regulatory profile for Ketoprofen overdose outlines specific documented manifestations and mandatory emergency actions, reflecting the potential for severe systemic toxicity.

Documented Manifestations and Severe Outcomes

Overdose presentations primarily involve the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems. Common signs listed in official documents include nausea, vomiting (potentially containing blood), abdominal pain, drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion. The official labeling indicates the potential for severe, life-threatening outcomes, including significant gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, and progression to seizures and coma. Toxicity also involves the renal system, with the risk of severe kidney damage and the potential for congestive heart failure. A large overdose is documented to cause serious damage to both children and adults.

Mandated Emergency Action and Management

Immediate medical attention is required upon any suspected overdose. The official instruction is to contact the local emergency number or a poison control center immediately. No specific antidote is known for Ketoprofen overdose; therefore, treatment is strictly symptomatic and supportive. Hospital management involves the monitoring of vital signs and may include procedures such as activated charcoal administration, gastric lavage, or intravenous fluid support, along with potential dialysis if severe renal damage is present.

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Therapeutic Uses of Кетопрофен

What Кетопрофен Treats: Main Uses and Benefits

Кетопрофен is typically indicated for symptomatic support across several therapeutic domains, applied in contexts involving heightened systemic burden where symptoms related to inflammatory or irritative states create noticeable physiological strain. It is relevant when short-term symptomatic assistance is needed to help manage multiple symptoms that interfere with daily comfort. This supportive relief is relevant for easing challenging symptoms associated with chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. It is also commonly used to help with acute situations such as musculotendinous trauma (sprains and strains), postoperative pain, and episodic discomforts including primary dysmenorrhea and acute gout.

“It provides support that helps ease the overall symptom burden, contributing to improved comfort during periods of heightened symptoms.”

This application assists with maintaining functional stability when symptoms interfere with routine activities.


Key Use: Symptomatic Relief Used in conditions characterized by periods of heightened symptoms and localized swelling, pain, and stiffness.


Easing Discomfort in Chronic Inflammatory Joint Conditions

The medication is commonly used across conditions characterized by periods of heightened symptoms such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. It is applied in addressing symptom clusters that may become intense or disruptive, including persistent joint pain, swelling, and associated stiffness. This application contributes to improved day-to-day comfort during symptomatic periods and helps maintain a sense of stability when chronic symptoms become more noticeable.


Support for Episodic and Acute Pain

Кетопрофен is also relevant in clinical settings that involve acute or unstable symptom patterns, such as following surgical procedures, or episodes of acute inflammation like gout. Its application is noted when groups of symptoms appear suddenly, and it is commonly used to help with discomfort in scenarios involving moderate pain levels and local inflammation, as well as addressing symptoms related to systemic imbalance such as fever (pyrexia). This support helps patients cope more steadily with symptom fluctuations.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH LiverTox overview
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Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

The eligibility profile for Ketoprofen is defined by strict regulatory rules outlining mandatory exclusions and populations requiring conditional use, based on official government labeling. Adults are the standard population for established use.

Contraindications (Absolute Non-Eligibility)

The medicine is contraindicated for patients with a known hypersensitivity to Ketoprofen or those who have experienced allergic reactions (such as asthma, rhinitis, or urticaria) precipitated by Aspirin or other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). Use is strictly prohibited in patients with active gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, ulceration, or perforation. Absolute non-eligibility also applies to patients with severe, uncompensated failure of the heart, liver, or kidneys, and for the treatment of perioperative pain in the setting of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.

Age and Physiological Restrictions

For pediatric patients (typically under 18 years of age), safety and efficacy for systemic use have not been established in regulatory documents. Older adults (ge 65 years) require closer monitoring and often a reduced initial dosage due to an increased risk of serious GI and renal events. Ketoprofen is contraindicated during the third trimester of pregnancy. It is not recommended for use during the first or second trimesters, or while breastfeeding, as safety is not fully established.

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What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Official regulatory documents classify interactions with Ketoprofen primarily through pharmacodynamic risk and renal clearance interference. The co-administration of Ketoprofen with other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), including selective COX-2 inhibitors, is contraindicated due to an additive risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and hemorrhage.

Documented Pharmacodynamic and Bleeding Risks

Combinations with Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin), Corticosteroids, and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) carry an increased official risk of bleeding. Furthermore, Ketoprofen may diminish the effectiveness of Antihypertensive Agents (such as ACE inhibitors and ARBs) and Diuretics.

Exposure and Clearance Alterations

Ketoprofen has been shown to reduce the renal clearance of certain co-administered drugs. This includes Lithium and Methotrexate, leading to elevated plasma concentrations of these medicines. Conversely, the co-administration of Probenecid with Ketoprofen significantly increases Ketoprofen's own plasma exposure by inhibiting its clearance.

Substance and Population Constraints

The label notes that consumption of alcohol increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Additionally, official regulatory information specifies that elderly patients and those with pre-existing renal impairment face a heightened risk of renal adverse events when taking Ketoprofen concomitantly with diuretics or ACE inhibitors.

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Mechanism of Action

Кетопрофен is classified as a non-selective inhibitor that targets specific enzyme systems, leading to altered physiological processes. The core of its mechanism involves reducing the synthesis rate of key signaling molecules throughout the body.

Inhibiting Prostaglandin Synthesis

Кетопрофен acts by reversibly blocking the activity of both the Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes. This action halts the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins—signaling lipid mediators that promote nerve sensitization and increase vascular permeability. This enzymatic blockade modifies the molecular steps that contribute to increased fluid accumulation in tissues and heightened sensitivity.

Modulating Central and Peripheral Responses

The drug's mechanism is not confined to the periphery; it also acts within the central nervous system, specifically in the hypothalamus, to inhibit the synthesis of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This central effect alters the thermal set point. This dual central and peripheral action pattern facilitates altered signaling dynamics across both central and peripheral pathways, contributing to the resulting physiological consequence of decreasing nociceptive (discomfort) signaling and reducing the centrally mediated thermal set point.

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Dosage and Administration Information

Official Administration Guidelines

Ketoprofen administration occurs via two primary routes: Oral (for systemic effects) and Topical (for localized cutaneous application). The available dosage forms include Immediate-Release (IR) capsules, Extended-Release (ER) capsules (200 mg), and various topical preparations like gels and creams.


Dosing and Administration Schedule

For chronic conditions, the Oral IR form is typically administered in divided daily doses, ranging from 150 mg up to a maximum of 300 mg per day. The Oral ER form is taken once daily (QD). For acute, non-chronic pain, the IR capsules are commonly dosed at 25 mg to 50 mg, administered every 6 to 8 hours as needed. Topical application involves applying 2 to 4 grams of gel, with the application repeated two to four times daily, not to exceed a maximum of 15 grams per day.


Special Procedural Requirements

Oral forms may be taken with food, milk, or antacids to support tolerance. Standard procedural requirements specify that the Extended-Release capsules must not be crushed, chewed, or opened to preserve their controlled-release mechanism. Topical preparations require gentle and prolonged massage for proper application and must not be used on broken skin or under occlusive dressings. The safety and effectiveness of the medicine have not been established for pediatric patients. Furthermore, duration limits are imposed, with acute oral use often restricted to 10 days for pain, and topical use typically limited to seven days.

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Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Кетопрофен


Evidence for Use in Chronic Inflammatory Joint Conditions

Research has examined the use of Ketoprofen in research exploring how symptoms change over time in conditions characterized by fluctuating or episodic manifestations, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Ankylosing Spondylitis. Studies conducted during periods of increased symptom activity focused on adult patient populations, including some cohorts of older adults.

The research exploring short-term symptom changes primarily consists of Systematic Reviews compiling data from multiple Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). The studies monitored outcomes related to physical discomfort, specifically measuring changes in patient-reported pain intensity and the duration of morning stiffness. Studies report how symptoms evolved in the observed populations. The reported outcomes were short-term and assessed over intermediate timeframes, generally up to a few months. Long-term effects are not fully established, and evidence is limited regarding objective measures beyond patient-reported outcomes.


Evidence for Use in Acute Pain and Musculoskeletal Trauma

Ketoprofen was studied for conditions associated with acute or disruptive episodes, such as Postoperative Pain, Musculotendinous Trauma (sprains and strains), and Primary Dysmenorrhea. The evidence base for these conditions includes numerous single-dose and short-course RCTs summarized in Meta-analyses.

Research examined outcomes describing episodic or acute changes, such as the reported time until measured change in discomfort and the total reported change in pain scores over brief observation periods. Studies report how symptoms evolved in the observed populations in settings with varying symptom burdens. Research provides insight into short-term changes, with the evidence concentrated on very short-term endpoints. This provides limited insight into symptom patterns that persist beyond one week.


What is Still Uncertain About Кетопрофен Research

The research base contains key limitations including that follow-up durations were limited, providing limited insight into long-term changes or effects over many months. The available research primarily provides insight into short-term changes, and evidence quality varies across studies. Comparative evidence is lacking for some specific patient subgroups. Research provides context but not individual predictions, and the study results reflect the specific conditions under which they were conducted.

Key Studies & References LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury - Ketoprofen

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Кетопрофен (FAQ)


Q: How long does it usually take to feel the pain relief effect of Кетопрофен?

According to regulatory documents, oral immediate-release capsules are rapidly absorbed by the body. Studies indicate that maximum levels in the blood, which correlate with the onset of relief, are generally observed within 30 minutes to 2 hours after administration.


Q: How long does one dose of Кетопрофен continue to work in the body?

The duration of effect is related to the specific formulation used. For immediate-release forms, the elimination half-life is approximately 2 hours. Extended-release forms are designed to maintain therapeutic levels for a longer period, sometimes up to 12 hours.


Q: Why do official documents mention the risk of stomach bleeding with Кетопрофен, even with short-term use?

Official product information indicates that the risk of serious gastrointestinal events, such as bleeding or ulceration, can occur at any point while taking this type of medicine. This risk is present even in the short term and may happen without any noticeable warning signs.


Q: Can Кетопрофен cause dizziness or drowsiness, and what should be avoided if this happens?

Regulatory documents list dizziness and drowsiness among the common side effects. If these effects occur, official guidance suggests that activities requiring full alertness should be approached with caution. Examples of these activities often include driving or operating heavy machinery.


Q: Can Кетопрофен affect kidney function, and how is this monitored?

According to official safety information, Кетопрофен may contribute to new or worsening kidney issues. For patients who have known risk factors, regulatory guidelines indicate that monitoring of kidney function may be warranted while the medicine is being used.


Q: What are the visual signs of a serious allergic reaction to Кетопрофен?

Serious allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis, may show several visible signs. These can include swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, or skin reactions such as blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin.


Q: Can I take Кетопрофен if I am already taking a low-dose aspirin for heart health?

Official safety information indicates that combining Кетопрофен with antiplatelet agents, like low-dose aspirin, significantly increases the risk of serious gastrointestinal bleeding. Furthermore, concurrent use has not consistently been shown to lessen the cardiovascular risks associated with NSAIDs.


Q: Does topical (gel/cream) Кетопрофен have the same severe side effect risks as the oral capsule or tablet?

Official reviews state that topical forms (gels or creams) result in less medicine being absorbed into the entire body, suggesting a lower likelihood of serious systemic side effects compared to oral forms. However, local side effects, such as skin reactions and sun sensitivity, are still possible with topical use.


Q: If I only use Кетопрофен occasionally, is the risk of serious side effects still present?

The potential for serious adverse events, including cardiovascular or gastrointestinal issues, is present early in treatment. While the risk increases with both higher doses and longer duration of use, the regulatory information confirms that serious events remain a possibility even with occasional or short-term use.


Q: What is the purpose of the 'Medication Guide' that comes with prescription Кетопрофен?

The Medication Guide is an official document from regulatory authorities intended to fully inform the patient. Its primary purpose is to ensure awareness regarding the safe and effective use of the prescription medicine, particularly by highlighting the most serious potential risks.


Q: Does Кетопрофен interfere with blood clotting in the body?

Official product information confirms that Кетопрофен, like other medicines in its class, acts by reversibly inhibiting the function of platelets, which are essential for clotting. This action is associated with a potential for the prolongation of bleeding time in some individuals.


Q: Is it possible for Кетопрофен to cause photosensitivity (increased sun sensitivity)?

Official safety updates indicate that Кетопрофен is associated with a risk of photosensitivity reactions, which cause increased sun sensitivity. Due to this risk, patients are commonly advised to minimize exposure to direct sunlight and UV radiation.


Q: Is the risk of side effects the same for all available strengths or forms of Кетопрофен?

Official safety considerations note that the risk of serious adverse events generally increases as the dosage amount increases. Official guidelines differentiate various strengths and maximum daily amounts, noting that risk generally increases with higher dosages.


Q: Do studies suggest that taking Кетопрофен with food only reduces stomach upset, or does it reduce the overall risk of ulcers too?

Official information primarily advises taking the medication with food, milk, or antacids to help lessen general stomach upset and improve tolerance. While this helps with comfort, the documentation notes that taking it with food can also slow the rate at which the medicine is absorbed.


Q: Can long-term use of Кетопрофен affect the stomach lining permanently?

The risk of serious gastrointestinal events, such as bleeding or ulceration, is officially known to be more common with long-term use. While the label confirms the risk, it does not use the specific term 'permanently affect' the stomach lining.


Q: What happens if I miss taking a dose of Кетопрофен?

Official administration instructions generally suggest taking a missed dose as soon as it is remembered. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, the missed dose should be skipped entirely. Official guidance consistently advises against doubling doses.


Q: Can I use Кетопрофен for migraine headaches, or is it only for tension headaches?

Кетопрофен is officially indicated for the temporary relief of minor aches and pains. This general category includes pain associated with muscular aches and headaches.


Q: What is the recommendation for individuals who have a history of stomach ulcers?

Regulatory guidelines indicate that individuals with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease or gastrointestinal bleeding face a significantly higher risk of developing a new GI bleed when using this class of medicine.


Q: Does Кетопрофен have a known impact on mental health or mood?

According to adverse event reports submitted to regulatory bodies, effects on mood and mental state have been reported. These have included feelings of sadness, discouragement, irritability, and emptiness.


Q: What should I do if I experience ringing in the ears while taking Кетопрофен?

Although not commonly reported, ringing in the ears, known as tinnitus, is a potential side effect associated with NSAIDs. If you experience this or any other unusual or adverse changes in your health, regulatory guidance generally suggests contacting a healthcare professional if new or unusual symptoms are experienced.


Q: Are there any specific lifestyle factors (like smoking or diet) that change the risk profile of Кетопрофен?

Official documents identify smoking as a lifestyle factor that significantly changes the drug's risk profile. Smoking is associated with an increased potential for gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding when using Кетопрофен.

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How should Кетопрофен be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Ketoprofen

The storage and disposal of Ketoprofen must strictly adhere to regulatory guidelines to maintain its stability and ensure safety.

️ Storage Requirements

Category Regulatory Requirement
Temperature Store at Controlled Room Temperature, 20 C to 25 C (68 F to 77 F), and keep from freezing
Protection Store away from excess heat and moisture and protect from light in a tightly closed container
Child Safety Must be kept out of the reach and sight of children

️ Disposal Instructions

Expired or unused Ketoprofen must be handled as pharmaceutical waste. The preferred method is a drug take-back program or pharmacy collection point. Official guidance prohibits flushing the medicine down the sink or toilet. If take-back is unavailable, the product should be mixed with an undesirable substance, placed in a sealed bag, and then discarded in household trash, and personal information must be removed from the packaging.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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