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Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride

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Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride

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Treatment option:

Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 10/01/2026

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

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Overview of Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride

Quick Facts

Property Description
Active ingredients Esomeprazole, Levosulpiride
Form Fixed-dose combination, oral tablets/capsules
Pharmacological Class Proton Pump Inhibitor and Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonist
Origin Synthetic derivative

What Type of Medicine is Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride?

Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride is classified as a fixed-dose combination (FDC) medicine, integrating two distinct synthetic active ingredients for oral route administration, typically as enteric-coated tablets or delayed-release capsules. It belongs simultaneously to two core pharmacological classes: a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) and a Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonist, which functions as a prokinetic agent. Combining these two classes provides a comprehensive approach in addressing certain upper gastrointestinal issues. This FDC represents a focused therapeutic strategy where the dual mechanism targets acid secretion and motility impairment simultaneously.

Composition and Chemical Characteristics

The active components are Esomeprazole and Levosulpiride. Esomeprazole is the isolated S-enantiomer of omeprazole and a benzimidazole derivative, selected for its potent and sustained acid-reducing effect and its inhibition of the proton pump. Levosulpiride is the levorotatory enantiomer of sulpiride, a substituted benzamide derivative and selective D2 receptor antagonist. The formulation's distinct feature is the required enteric coating on the Esomeprazole component, which prevents its chemical degradation by the strong acids within the stomach, ensuring stability and targeted absorption in the small intestine.

General Purpose of the Dual Mechanism

The general purpose of this combination leverages its two core properties: powerful acid suppression and enhanced digestive movement. The antisecretory property of Esomeprazole reduces the amount of acid produced, while the prokinetic property of Levosulpiride helps normalize and accelerate the transit of stomach contents. This dual mechanism is intended to provide a coordinated strategy for managing upper gastrointestinal discomfort—such as when a patient experiences both burning sensation and feelings of undue fullness after eating—by acting on both the chemical source (acid) and the functional issue (motility) simultaneously.

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What side effects are possible with Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

The safety profile for this fixed-dose combination is derived from the documented adverse reactions of a Proton Pump Inhibitor (Esomeprazole) and a Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonist (Levosulpiride), as classified by government regulatory authorities.

Frequency-Classified Adverse Reactions

Adverse reactions are formally grouped by the frequency of their occurrence, reflecting regulatory standards.

Classification Common Examples (as per regulatory labels)
Common Headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea, and vomiting.
Uncommon Dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia, pruritus (itching), and skin rash.

System-Organ Classes and Serious Events

Side effects are officially classified by the body system affected. Common effects fall under Gastrointestinal Disorders and Nervous System Disorders. The Levosulpiride component introduces the potential for Endocrine Disorders related to elevated prolactin levels, such as galactorrhea.

Regulatory documents list several Serious Adverse Reactions. These include severe, though rare, immune responses like Anaphylactic Reaction and Angioedema, as well as severe skin conditions such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome. Furthermore, due to the D2 antagonist component, there is a documented risk of Tardive Dyskinesia and other extrapyramidal symptoms, particularly with prolonged use.

Regulatory Safety Considerations

The official labeling notes several constraints and safety patterns:

  • Duration-Related Risks: Long-term use of the PPI component is officially associated with risks like bone fractures and hypomagnesemia.
  • Population Notes: Specific cautions apply to older adults due to increased susceptibility to neurological adverse events, and use is generally restricted or requires careful monitoring in patients with Hepatic Impairment.
  • Contraindications: Use is formally restricted (contraindicated) in patients with conditions such as known or suspected phaeochromocytoma, prolactin-dependent tumors, and conditions where increased motility is harmful (e.g., gastrointestinal hemorrhage).
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Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and When to Seek Help

Official regulatory documentation states that an overdose with Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride is associated with manifestations from both active components. For the Esomeprazole component, documented effects include general symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, and stomach pain. The Levosulpiride component is associated with effects on the central nervous system, including tremors, sleep disturbances, and extrapyramidal disorders, which may present as difficulty with movement and muscle stiffness.

The most severe potential outcome documented is the risk of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS), which is potentially fatal and linked to the Levosulpiride component. Signs requiring immediate action include severe muscle stiffness, fever (hyperpyrexia), fast heartbeat, altered blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness.

In the event of a suspected overdose, official labeling strictly mandates that immediate medical attention is required. You must contact a Poison Control Center right away or seek care at the nearest hospital. If NMS is suspected, the medicine must be stopped immediately as a procedural step. Management for overdose is officially documented as being symptomatic and supportive treatment, as no specific antidote is known for this combination according to regulatory sources.

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Therapeutic Uses of Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride

The combination of Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride is applied in addressing symptoms related to chronic reflux, such as those seen in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), a condition characterized by periods of heightened symptoms. The dual-action therapy may assist with easing symptoms related to heightened physiological activity that interfere with daily functioning.

The esomeprazole component is relevant for easing symptoms related to physical discomfort like heartburn and supports general well-being during symptomatic phases. The levosulpiride component assists with managing symptoms that create noticeable physiological strain linked to impaired gastrointestinal motility. This combination is commonly used across conditions presenting with acute episodes where there is a significant symptomatic burden, including acid reflux, heartburn, and epigastric discomfort.

The medicine provides support that helps ease the overall symptom burden and assists with maintaining functional stability in situations where symptoms escalate temporarily. It is applied in clinical settings that involve acute or disruptive symptom patterns. It may assist with contributing to improved comfort during periods of heightened symptoms.

Quick Fact: Relevant for easing symptoms like Heartburn and Physical Discomfort

Regulatory References

  1. NIH MedlinePlus overview of Esomeprazole
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Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

The official regulatory profile for Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride defines patient eligibility through several absolute and conditional constraints, primarily related to the distinct actions of the Levosulpiride component. The medicine is primarily intended for adults.

Populations for Whom Use is Contraindicated

Use is strictly contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the active ingredients or substituted benzimidazoles. Absolute non-eligibility extends to patients with certain neurological or endocrine conditions, including Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and prolactin-dependent tumors (e.g., breast cancer). The combination must also be avoided in cases of pre-existing severe renal or hepatic insufficiency or when concurrent gastrointestinal conditions, such as hemorrhage or mechanical obstruction, make motility stimulation harmful.

Age and Life-Stage Limitations

The combination is generally not recommended for or contraindicated in children under 14 years of age due to insufficient safety data. In some regions, its use is also contraindicated for the elderly population due to increased susceptibility to Levosulpiride's central nervous system effects. The use of this medicine during pregnancy and lactation is generally restricted or not recommended by regulatory authorities.

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What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Official regulatory information for Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride is structured around pharmacokinetic ( PK) interactions from the Esomeprazole component and pharmacodynamic ( PD) interactions from the Levosulpiride component. The combination requires constraints on co-administration with various medicines and substances, as specified in government labeling.

Documented Interaction Restrictions

Classification Interacting Agents / Constraint Official Outcome
PK Contraindication/Restriction Rilpivirine-containing products, Clopidogrel Use is restricted or must be avoided due to decreased plasma concentrations or reduced active metabolite exposure, respectively.
PD Risk Enhancement Medicines that prolong the QT interval, Sedatives Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias and enhanced CNS effects.
Absorption Interference Iron Salts, Ketoconazole, Erlotinib Reduced absorption due to the Esomeprazole component raising gastric pH.
CYP Enzyme Effects Rifampin, St. John's Wort Co-administration must be avoided due to the potential for reduction in Esomeprazole plasma levels via enzyme induction.

Timing and Substance Constraints

The Levosulpiride component requires mandatory timing separation, as Antacids and Sucralfate must be administered at least 2 hours apart to prevent reduced absorption. Furthermore, regulatory documents stipulate that the consumption of alcohol is restricted due to the potential for enhanced sedative effects. The Esomeprazole component requires temporary cessation at least 14 days before specific diagnostic tests, such as Chromogranin A ( CgA) analysis, to prevent interference.

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Mechanism of Action

How Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride Works


Direct Inhibition of Gastric Acid Production

This component of the medication acts on the H^+/K^+-ATPase enzyme (the proton pump), which is the final step in the stomach's acid-secreting cascade. By inactivating this enzyme, the drug blocks the release of hydrogen ions ( H^+), leading to a significant decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ions in the gastrointestinal lumen. The decrease in H^+ concentration results in an elevation of the luminal pH, which is a primary physiological consequence of this mechanism.


Enhancing Gut Movement and Barrier Tone

The second component involves Dopamine D2 receptor antagonism within the enteric nervous system, which removes the inhibitory control over local signaling. This action enhances the natural release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that promotes smooth muscle contraction. This mechanism increases the contraction strength and coordination of the smooth muscles, which enhances the forward movement (peristalsis) and contributes to the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter.


Modulating Visceral Sensory Signaling

The drug's action on D2 receptors also extends to central areas involved in the brain-gut axis. The interaction with these pathways modifies afferent visceral signaling from the digestive tract, resulting in altered signaling dynamics within the communication system that connects the central and enteric nervous systems.

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Dosage and Administration Information

Administration Guidelines

The use of the Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride fixed-dose combination (FDC) follows specific parameters to ensure the intended delivery of its components.

Instruction Domain Requirement
Route of Administration Oral. The FDC is supplied as a capsule or tablet.
Standard Dosing Typically Esomeprazole 40 mg combined with Levosulpiride 75 mg (Sustained-Release), once daily.
Timing & Frequency The dose is taken once daily and at least one hour before a meal, usually in the morning.
Treatment Duration The regimen is generally for short-term courses, often for periods of four to eight weeks.

Specific Instructions and Restrictions

Preparation and Handling

The medicine must be swallowed whole with liquid and must not be crushed, chewed, or opened. This is necessary to preserve the function of the Esomeprazole component's enteric coating and the Levosulpiride component's sustained-release properties.

Population Adjustments

Dosing adjustment applies to certain populations. For patients with severe hepatic impairment, the maximum daily dose of the Esomeprazole component may be limited, such as a maximum of 20 mg once daily. Dose reduction or caution may also apply to older adults due to the Levosulpiride component.


Procedural Protocol

The once-daily frequency and pre-meal timing define the standardized administration method. Swallowing the dosage form whole is necessary to avoid compromising the medicine's designed release mechanisms.

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Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride

Evidence for use in Erosive Reflux Disease (GERD)

Research involved Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and subsequent meta-analyses that were used to evaluate outcomes in adults with confirmed erosive esophagitis and associated symptoms. These studies were applied in research contexts involving fluctuating or unstable symptoms and were used in research exploring how outcomes related to inflammatory or irritative states evolved over defined time intervals. Primary measurements monitored included the rates at which esophageal damage was recorded as healed, alongside the tracking of patient-reported outcomes describing perceived discomfort and the tracking of symptom patterns over time.

Studies reported measurements of healing rates in populations treated with acid-suppressing agents combined with prokinetic agents. Research explored short-term changes, with observation periods typically lasting 4 to 8 weeks, but some intermediate data was gathered for up to a year. Findings describe patterns observed in the studies related to the stability of reported symptoms during the intermediate-term follow-up periods.

Evidence for use in Functional Dyspepsia

The evidence base involving this medicine was examined in functional dyspepsia, a condition marked by functional limitations and non-ulcer discomfort, through RCTs and multicenter trials. Research examined outcomes related to systemic or functional imbalance, specifically focusing on adults with specific patterns of discomfort, such as feelings of fullness or early satiety.

Studies monitored changes in patient-reported outcomes describing perceived discomfort, tracked through overall symptom scores, and research also explored the relationship between treatment and measured changes in gastric emptying time. The research landscape includes many studies that focused on the prokinetic component, Levosulpiride, as monotherapy or paired it with a PPI other than Esomeprazole. The certainty remains low regarding the scope of long-term data for this specific FDC when observed over extended periods for functional dyspepsia.

Key Evidence Gaps and Areas of Scientific Uncertainty

Scientific literature highlights several research limitations. One key gap is that the evidence base frequently relies on trials that used a different PPI combined with a prokinetic agent, meaning comparative evidence specifically for the Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride FDC against its monotherapy component is often lacking or limited. Data for certain groups, such as children, pregnant populations, or older adults with multiple chronic conditions, remain insufficient for comprehensive analysis. Furthermore, while research has explored short-term changes in both acid and motility outcomes, the certainty remains low regarding the long-term patterns of response for the combination when compared to acid-suppression monotherapy.

Key Studies & References

  1. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of functional dyspepsia - Gut
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride (FAQ)


Q: Is Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride used for standard heartburn?

Official product information states that this combination is indicated for medical conditions such as erosive reflux esophagitis and functional dyspepsia.

These medical conditions are often associated with symptoms that users commonly describe as heartburn or a burning sensation in the chest.


Q: Is this combination drug similar to other reflux medications like Omeprazole or Pantoprazole?

The Esomeprazole component belongs to the Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) class, which is the same classification as medicines like Omeprazole and Pantoprazole. However, this medicine is a fixed-dose combination, meaning it contains a second active ingredient, Levosulpiride, which functions differently by enhancing gut movement.


Q: Are there any specific supplements or vitamins that should be avoided while taking this drug?

Official documents advise caution regarding the co-administration of this medicine with certain herbal supplements. For example, supplements such as St. John's Wort may affect certain liver enzymes and potentially impact the amount of Esomeprazole in the body.


Q: What foods or beverages might interact with Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride?

Regulatory information restricts the consumption of alcohol because of the risk of enhanced sedative effects, particularly from the Levosulpiride component. Administration guidelines state the medicine is intended to be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before a meal.


Q: Is it necessary to avoid alcohol completely while on this treatment?

Regulatory information specifies that alcohol consumption is restricted or should be avoided while taking this medication. This is due to the potential for enhanced sedative effects and central nervous system (CNS) risks associated with the Levosulpiride component.


Q: Does Levosulpiride belong to a class of medicines that can affect the heart rhythm?

Yes, Levosulpiride’s drug class (D2 Receptor Antagonist) is included in regulatory safety warnings related to heart rhythm. Official documents note a potential for interaction with other medicines that are known to prolong the QT interval.


Q: Is it necessary to take this medication at the same time every day?

Official administration guidelines state that the medicine is prescribed to be taken once daily. Administration guidelines emphasize the importance of consistent daily dosing to ensure reliable absorption and pharmacological effect.


Q: What should a patient do if they experience unusual or severe side effects?

Regulatory agencies classify reactions such as anaphylaxis, angioedema (swelling), and tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements) as serious adverse reactions. Regulatory safety information indicates that these types of events warrant immediate consultation with a healthcare professional.


Q: Does taking Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride require a prescription?

Yes, according to official documents and prescribing status in major regulatory regions, this medicine is classified as a Prescription Only Medicine (POM) or its equivalent. This classification indicates that the medicine must be used under the supervision and direction of a licensed practitioner.


Q: What conditions might require a person to stop using the medication suddenly?

Regulatory documents list specific conditions, such as pre-existing gastrointestinal hemorrhage or mechanical obstruction, where use is strictly prohibited because motility stimulation could be harmful.

Additionally, the emergence of a serious adverse reaction, such as anaphylaxis or new neurological symptoms, may require immediate cessation as assessed by a doctor.


Q: Are there different strengths or dosages of Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride available?

Official labeling describes the medicine as a fixed-dose combination, typically listing the standard strength of the two active ingredients together. Regulatory sources may also describe different available dosage strengths or required adjustments for specific populations, such as those with severe liver impairment.


Q: What is the difference in how the two components are processed by the body?

Official pharmacokinetic studies describe distinct processing pathways for the two components. The Esomeprazole component is processed and metabolized significantly in the liver, while the Levosulpiride component is primarily eliminated from the body by the kidneys.


Q: How long does the effect of one dose of Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride usually last?

The medicine is designed for a once-daily dosing schedule. This is consistent with its pharmacological design, intending for both the acid suppression and the enhanced gut movement effects to span approximately 24 hours before the next dose is due.


Q: Does Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride cause weight gain or loss?

Official regulatory safety tables classify adverse effects by the affected body system, including categories for Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders. Any officially documented or commonly reported changes in weight (gain or loss) would be listed in these tables, based on frequency observed in studies.


Q: Is fatigue or tiredness a known side effect of this combination?

Adverse events are formally classified in regulatory safety tables based on their reported frequency. If reported in clinical trials, effects such as fatigue or tiredness would be listed in categories like General Disorders or Nervous System Disorders in the official product information.


Q: Can this medication affect mood or cause anxiety?

Yes, official regulatory documents list specific psychiatric effects as potential adverse reactions. These effects, such as depression or insomnia, are classified under the Psychiatric Disorders section of the adverse reaction tables.


Q: Are there known interactions between Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride and common over-the-counter pain relievers?

Regulatory documents include warnings about potential pharmacokinetic interactions with certain common over-the-counter pain relievers. This is particularly noted for Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), although the degree of interaction varies by specific substance.


Q: Does this combination medication contain lactose or gluten?

The official regulatory documents, such as the Summary of Product Characteristics, contain a list of excipients (inactive ingredients).

This list specifies the presence of common filler ingredients, such as lactose or gluten, which is essential information for patients with known sensitivities.


Q: Are patients with a history of depression or mental health issues generally advised to avoid Levosulpiride?

Official documents include specific warnings and precautions for patients with underlying psychiatric or neurological conditions. This is due to the Levosulpiride component, and contraindications may exist for conditions like known depression or the risk of exacerbation of mental health issues.


Q: Are there specific official guidelines for discontinuing the use of this medicine?

Official prescribing information defines the required duration of treatment (e.g., short-term courses of four to eight weeks). Regulatory documents may also contain warnings regarding the process of discontinuing the PPI component, specifically noting the potential for symptoms to return upon cessation.

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How should Esomeprazole/Levosulpiride be stored and disposed of?

Storage and Disposal Requirements

Official regulatory documents require that this medicine be stored at Controlled Room Temperature, which is generally defined as 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). The product must be protected from environmental factors that can compromise its stability. It is mandatory to store the medicine in a tight, light-resistant container and keep it tightly closed to prevent exposure to moisture and light.

Handling and Safety

The container must be stored out of the reach of children, often requiring a child-resistant closure. If a capsule is opened and its contents mixed for use, any remaining, unused mixture must be immediately discarded and cannot be stored for future use.

Disposal

Disposal of unused or expired medication must follow local regulations for pharmaceutical waste. The product should not be disposed of by flushing it down a toilet or pouring it into a drain.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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