Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin

Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who have inadequate control with Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) or who are already treated with Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin).

Limitations of Use

Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin is not indicated for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin should only be used in patients who tolerate 10 mg Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)).

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) are oral diabetes medicines that help control blood sugar levels. Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) works by helping the kidneys get rid of glucose from your bloodstream. Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) works by regulating the levels of insulin your body produces after eating.

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) is a combination medicine used together with diet and exercise to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) is also used to lower the risk of death from heart attack, stroke, or heart failure in adults with type 2 diabetes who also have heart disease.

This medicine is not for treating type 1 diabetes.

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Dosage

In patients with volume depletion, correct this condition prior to initiation of Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin.

The recommended dose of Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin is a 10 mg Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin))/5 mg Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) tablet taken orally once daily in the morning with or without food.

Do not split or cut Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin tablets.

Patients with Renal Impairment

Assessment of renal function is recommended prior to initiation of Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin therapy and periodically thereafter.

Do not initiate Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Discontinue Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin if eGFR falls persistently below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin is contraindicated in patients with an eGFR less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Use with Strong CYP3A4/5 Inhibitors

Do not coadminister Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin with strong cytochrome P450 3A4/5 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and telithromycin).

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin?

Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin is contraindicated in patients with:

Use: Labeled Indications

Diabetes mellitus, type 2, treatment: Adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

See also:
What other drugs will affect Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin?

Positive test for glucosuria; may interfere with 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) assay; use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin?

The following important adverse reactions are described below or elsewhere in the labeling:

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The safety of combined use of 10 mg Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) and 5 mg Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) has been evaluated in 492 adult subjects with type 2 diabetes in a pooled safety analysis of three phase 3 active/placebo-controlled clinical trials with a median exposure of 51 weeks. The mean age of these subjects was 54 years, 0.8% were 75 years or older and 53.7% were female. The population was 80.9% White, 8.3% Black or African American, 3.7% Asian, and 6.6% Other race. At baseline the population had diabetes for an average of 7.5 years and a mean HbA1c of 8.4%. The mean eGFR at baseline was 94.4 mL/min/1.73 m2.

The common adverse reactions were based on the pooled analyses of these studies as shown in Table 1.

Additionally, adverse reactions reported in <5% and ≥2% from the Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) development program and ≥1% more frequently compared to placebo included increased urination, and discomfort with urination.

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia was reported in 8 subjects (1.6%) treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin. No episodes of major hypoglycemia (defined as a symptomatic episode requiring external assistance) were reported.

Genital Mycotic Infections

Genital mycotic infections were reported in 15 subjects (3%) treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin. Reported adverse reactions by frequency included vulvovaginal mycotic infection, balanoposthitis, genital fungal infection, vaginal infection, and vulvovaginitis. The majority of subjects (84.2%) who experienced genital infection adverse reactions were females.

Urinary Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections were reported in 28 subjects (5.7%) treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin. Reported adverse reactions by frequency included urinary tract infection, Escherichia urinary tract infection, prostatitis, and pyelonephritis. The majority of subjects (80.6%) who experienced urinary tract infection adverse reactions were females.

Volume Depletion

Events related to volume depletion (hypotension, dehydration, and hypovolemia) were reported in 2 subjects (0.4%) treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin.

Renal Impairment

Adverse reactions related to decreased renal function were reported in 10 subjects (2.0%) treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin. The reported adverse reactions included decreased glomerular filtration rate, renal impairment, increased blood creatinine, acute renal failure, and decreased urine output. None of the adverse reactions was reported as serious and all but one were mild to moderate in intensity. Three subjects discontinued due to decreased eGFR. Subjects with AEs of renal impairment had lower mean eGFR values at baseline of 64.4 ml/min/1.73 m2 compared to 94.4 ml/min/1.73 m2 in overall population treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin.

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin))

Use of Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) was associated with increases in serum creatinine and decreases in eGFR. In patients with normal or mildly impaired renal function at baseline, serum creatinine and eGFR returned to baseline values at Week 24. Sustained decreases in eGFR were seen in patients with moderate renal impairment (eGFR 30 to less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Elderly patients and patients with impaired renal function were more susceptible to these adverse reactions.

Laboratory Findings

Decrease in Lymphocyte Counts

Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)

A dose-related mean decrease in absolute lymphocyte count has been observed with Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin). In a pool of 5 placebo-controlled studies, a mean decrease in absolute lymphocyte count of approximately 100 cells/microL relative to placebo. There was a dose-related mean decrease in absolute lymphocyte count observed with Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin). The proportion of patients who were reported to have a lymphocyte count ≤750 cells/microL was 0.5%, 1.5%, and 0.4% in the Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) 2.5 mg, 5 mg, and placebo groups, respectively. The decreases in lymphocyte count were not associated with clinically relevant adverse reactions.

The clinical significance of this decrease in lymphocyte count relative to placebo is not known. When clinically indicated, such as in settings of unusual or prolonged infection, lymphocyte count should be measured. The effect of Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) on lymphocyte counts in patients with lymphocyte abnormalities (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus) is unknown.

Increase in Hematocrit

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin))

In a pool of 13 placebo-controlled studies with Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)), increases from baseline in mean hematocrit values were observed in Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) treated patients starting at Week 1 and continuing up to Week 16, when the maximum mean difference from baseline was observed. At Week 24, the mean changes from baseline in hematocrit were −0.33% in the placebo group and 2.30% in the Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) 10 mg group. By Week 24, hematocrit values >55% were reported in 0.4% of placebo-treated patients and 1.3% of Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) 10 mg-treated patients.

Increase in Serum Inorganic Phosphorus

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin))

In a pool of 13 placebo-controlled studies with Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)), increases from baseline in mean serum phosphorus levels were reported at Week 24 in Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) treated patients compared with placebo-treated patients (mean increase of 0.13 versus −0.04 mg/dL, respectively). Higher proportions of patients with marked laboratory abnormalities of hyperphosphatemia (≥5.6 mg/dL for age 17-65 years or ≥5.1 mg/dL for age ≥66 years) were reported on Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) at Week 24 (0.9% versus 1.7% for placebo and Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)) 10 mg, respectively).

Increase in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Patients treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin demonstrated a mean percent increase from baseline LDL-cholesterol (ranging from 2.1 to 6.9%).

Elevations in Creatine Kinase

In the pooled safety analysis, an imbalance in the number of subjects who experienced serum creatine kinase (CK) elevations >10x the upper limit of normal (a marker of muscle injury/necrosis) was observed in 5 subjects (1%) treated with Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin. The elevations were transient. Rhabdomyolysis was reported for one of those subjects for which no obvious cause was identified.

Postmarketing Experience

Additional adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) and Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)). Because the following reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is generally not possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin)

Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin (Dapagliflozin and saxagliptin))