Chloropyramine

• H₁- antihistamines

R06AC03 Chloropyramine

Chloropyramine

Chloropyramine

Dragee, a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration

urticaria,

serum sickness,

seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis,

conjunctivitis,

contact dermatitis,

itchy skin,

acute and chronic eczema,

atopic dermatitis,

food and drug allergies,

allergic reactions to insect bites,

angioedema (Quincke's edema) - tablets, as an adjunct.

Pills

Inside, during meals, without chewing and with a sufficient amount of water.

Adults: assign 1 table. 3-4 times a day (75-100 mg/day).

For children: at the age of 3 to 6 years — 1/2 table. 2 times a day, from 6 to 14 years — 1/2 table. (12.5 mg) 2-3 times a day.

The dose can be gradually increased in the absence of side effects in the patient, but the maximum dose should never exceed 2 mg/kg.

The duration of the course of treatment depends on the symptoms of the disease, its duration and course.

Solution for injection:

V / m, v / v (used only in acute severe cases under the supervision of a doctor!)

Adults: the recommended daily dose is 1-2 ml (1-2 amp.)/m.

For children: recommended initial doses — at the age of 1 to 12 months-0.25 ml (1/4 amp.) / m, from 1 to 6 years-0.5 ml (1/2 amp.) / m, from 6 to 14 years-0.5-1 ml (1/2–1 amp.)/m.

The dose can be carefully increased depending on the patient's reaction and the observed side effects. However, the dose should never exceed 2 mg/kg. If the allergy is severe, treatment should begin with a cautious slow intravenous injection, and then continue with intravenous injections or oral administration of the drug.

Special groups of patients (general recommendations for both forms)

Elderly, emaciated patients: application of the drug Chloropyramine^® it requires special caution, because in these patients, antihistamines often cause side effects (dizziness, drowsiness).

Patients with impaired liver function: it may be necessary to reduce the dose due to a decrease in the metabolism of the active component of the drug in liver diseases.

Patients with impaired renal function: it may be necessary to change the regimen of the drug and reduce the dose due to the fact that the active component is mainly excreted through the kidneys.

hypersensitivity to the components of the drug,

acute attack of bronchial asthma,

children under 3 years of age (for this dosage form),

lactase deficiency, lactose intolerance, glucose / galactose malabsorption (since the tablet contains 116 mg of lactose monohydrate),

pregnancy,

lactation period.

With caution: angle-closure glaucoma, urinary retention, prostatic hyperplasia, impaired liver and/or kidney function, cardiovascular diseases, elderly patients.

Side effects, as a rule, occur extremely rarely, are temporary, and pass after the drug is discontinued.

From the blood and lymphatic system: very rarely — leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia and other changes in the cellular composition of the blood.

From the central nervous system: drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, nervous excitement, tremor, headache, euphoria, convulsions, encephalopathy.

On the part of the visual organ: blurred vision, glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure.

From the CCC side: decreased blood pressure, tachycardia, arrhythmia. These side effects have not always been directly linked to the use of the drug.

From the gastrointestinal tract: abdominal discomfort, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, loss or increased appetite, pain in the upper abdomen.

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: muscle weakness.

From the kidneys and urinary tract: difficulty urinating, urinary retention.

Other: photosensitization, allergic reactions.

If any of the above effects occur, stop taking the drug and immediately consult a doctor.

Symptoms: hallucinations, anxiety, ataxia, impaired coordination of movements, athetosis, convulsions. In young children-agitation, anxiety, dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, redness of the face, sinus tachycardia, urinary retention, fever, coma.

In adults, fever and redness of the face are observed intermittently, after a period of excitement, convulsions and post-convulsive depression, coma follow.

Treatment: in the period up to 12 hours after ingestion of the drug, gastric lavage is necessary (it should be borne in mind that the emptying of the stomach is prevented by the anticholinergic effect of the drug). The use of activated carbon is also shown.

It is necessary to monitor the parameters of blood pressure and respiration. Symptomatic therapy, resuscitation measures. The specific antidote is unknown.

Chloropyramine is a chlorinated analog of tripelenamine (pyribenzamine) - a classic antihistamine drug belonging to the group of ethylenediamine antihistamines.

Blocker H₁- histamine receptors, has antihistamine and m-cholinoblocking effect, has an antiemetic effect, moderate antispasmodic and peripheral cholinoblocking activity.

When taken orally, it is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The therapeutic effect of chloropyramine develops within 15-30 minutes after oral administration, reaches a maximum within the first hour after administration and lasts at least 3-6 hours. It is well distributed in the body, including the central nervous system. It is intensively metabolized in the liver. It is mainly excreted by the kidneys. In children, the drug is excreted faster than in adult patients.

The drug increases the effect of drugs: barbiturates, m-holinoblokatorov, opioid analgesics.

MAO inhibitors can enhance and prolong the anticholinergic effect of chloropyramine.

When combined with ototoxic drugs Chloropyramine^® may mask early signs of ototoxicity.

Antihistamines can distort the results of skin allergy tests, so a few days before the planned test, the use of drugs of this type should be discontinued.