Beclometasona

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Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 10/01/2026

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Beclometasona

Quick Facts

Property Description
Active Ingredient Beclometasone dipropionate (INN)
Pharmacological Class Glucocorticoid (Synthetic Corticosteroid)
Origin Synthetic compound
Primary Forms Aerosol for inhalation, Aqueous nasal spray
General Purpose Long-term control of chronic inflammation

What Type of Medicine is Beclometasona?

Beclometasona (Beclometasone) is classified as a potent synthetic corticosteroid that belongs to the pharmacological class of Glucocorticoids. The official active substance is the diester compound, Beclometasone dipropionate, which acts as a pro-drug, rapidly converting into its active form primarily at the site of use.

Its chemical structure is designed to maximize local anti-inflammatory activity, a key differentiation from older, more systemic steroids. This synthetic compound is combined with various vehicles, such as hydroalcoholic propellants or aqueous solutions, and is provided as a prescription-only medicine (Rx), available under common brands like Qvar and Beconase.

Beclometasone: General Purpose and Anti-inflammatory Role

The fundamental purpose of Beclometasone is to deliver a powerful local anti-inflammatory action directly within the affected tissues. This function is achieved by modulating the localized immune response, which suppresses the biological processes that cause irritation, swelling, and redness.

The resulting benefit is the long-term control of chronic inflammation and allergic hypersensitivity. It is clinically recognized for its established use in the continuous management of conditions where persistent inflammation is a key factor. This confirms the medicine’s primary role is to maintain stability and prevent symptoms over time.

Available Forms and Local Action

Beclometasone is primarily formulated for highly localized delivery to maximize its therapeutic effect while minimizing systemic exposure. The common dosage forms include an aerosol for inhalation and an aqueous nasal spray solution, alongside specialized topical preparations.

This strategic focus on local administration—including Inhalational, Nasal, and Topical routes—is a core feature of the medicine. By concentrating the anti-inflammatory effects exactly where they are needed, such as in the respiratory tract or nasal passages, the treatment promotes the therapeutic outcome in the target area.

Regulatory References

  1. WHO Essential Medicines List
  2. Beclometasone on WHO Essential Medicines List (eEML)

What side effects are possible with Beclometasona?

Possible side effects and safety information

The safety profile of Beclometasone dipropionate, as documented in official regulatory sources, focuses on classifying adverse reactions based on frequency and potential systemic effects typical of glucocorticoids.

Frequency-Classified Adverse Reactions

Adverse reactions are formally categorized based on the observed incidence in clinical use:

Classification Common Examples (by Official Labeling)
Very Common Oropharyngeal candidiasis (thrush) for inhaled forms.
Common Hoarseness/Dysphonia (voice changes), throat irritation, epistaxis (nosebleeds) for nasal forms.
Rare/Very Rare Adrenal suppression, Cushingoid features, cataracts, glaucoma.
Not Known Psychiatric effects such as anxiety, aggression, and sleep disorders, as noted in post-marketing reports.

System-Organ Classes and Serious Safety Concerns

The most frequently affected System-Organ Classes include Infections and Infestations (candidiasis), Respiratory Disorders (dysphonia, paradoxical bronchospasm), and Immune System Disorders (hypersensitivity reactions).

Serious adverse reactions specifically documented in prescribing information include Adrenal Suppression/Adrenal Crisis and Paradoxical Bronchospasm. The development of Cataracts and Glaucoma is also documented as a serious ocular effect associated with long-term systemic corticosteroid exposure.

Population and Exposure-Related Safety Patterns

Regulatory documents highlight that systemic effects are primarily associated with high doses and prolonged treatment. For pediatric patients, the potential for growth retardation is explicitly noted, often necessitating height monitoring. Caution is also defined for patients transferring from oral systemic corticosteroids due to the heightened risk of adrenal insufficiency.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and When to Seek Help

The primary concern following exposure to beclometasona (an inhaled corticosteroid) at doses higher than prescribed is its effect on the adrenal glands.

Overdose Presentation

  • Acute Overdose: Inhaling a single, very high dose of beclometasona may lead to temporary suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is responsible for producing natural steroid hormones. This effect is usually temporary and does not typically require emergency medical action, as adrenal function naturally recovers within a few days.
  • Chronic Overdose Risk: The greater concern is the prolonged use of higher than recommended dosages. Over time, this may result in a more sustained degree of adrenal suppression. Symptoms that may indicate this risk, known as hypercorticism or Cushingoid features, include a rounded face, weight gain in the upper back or abdomen, and excessive fatigue.

Required Medical Action

Situation Action Recommended
Acute, single high-dose inhalation Emergency action is usually not necessary due to the temporary nature of the adrenal effect.
Prolonged high-dose exposure Urgent medical evaluation is required. The patient's adrenal function may need monitoring by a healthcare professional. Do not stop using the medicine suddenly without medical guidance, even if an overdose is suspected, as this may be harmful.

If you believe you have taken a prolonged high dose, or are experiencing symptoms suggestive of severe adrenal effects, contact your doctor or an emergency medical service immediately for professional advice.

Therapeutic Uses of Beclometasona

Main Uses and Therapeutic Applications

Beclometasone is a corticosteroid medication used primarily for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. It is designed to reduce swelling, irritation, and mucus production in the respiratory tract and nasal passages. By suppressing the local immune response, it helps manage chronic conditions that involve persistent inflammation.

Asthma Management

In the treatment of asthma, beclometasone is utilized as a maintenance or "preventer" therapy. It is inhaled regularly to achieve the following effects:

  • Reduction of Airway Inflammation: It targets the underlying swelling in the bronchial tubes, making the airways less sensitive to triggers.
  • Prevention of Symptoms: Regular use helps decrease the frequency and severity of asthma attacks, including symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
  • Improvement in Lung Function: By maintaining open airways over time, it assists in stabilizing overall respiratory health.

Allergic and Non-Allergic Rhinitis

When administered as a nasal spray, beclometasone addresses inflammation within the lining of the nose. It is used to manage symptoms associated with both seasonal allergies (hay fever) and perennial (year-round) rhinitis, including:

  • Nasal Congestion: Reducing the swelling of nasal tissues to improve airflow.
  • Rhinorrhea and Sneezing: Minimizing the production of excess mucus and the irritation that leads to sneezing.
  • Nasal Itching: Calming the inflammatory response that causes localized discomfort.

Additional Applications

In certain formulations, beclometasone may also be used to treat other inflammatory conditions, such as:

  • Skin Disorders: Topical applications can be used for inflammatory skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis that have not responded to weaker steroids.
  • Gastrointestinal Inflammation: Specific oral formulations may be used to treat ulcerative colitis, focusing the anti-inflammatory effect directly on the lining of the bowel to help induce remission.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH MedlinePlus overview

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Eligibility Map: Who can and cannot use Beclometasona

The following is official population eligibility and non-eligibility information based on governmental regulatory documents.

Category Regulatory Statement/Classification
Contraindicated Populations The medicine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or any excipients. It is strictly contraindicated for the primary treatment of status asthmaticus or acute asthma attacks.
Age-Group Eligibility Use is established for adults and adolescents. For children, eligibility is product-dependent but generally ge 4 or 5 years of age for maintenance therapy. Safety and efficacy are not established in children younger than the minimum approved age for specific formulations.
Conditional Use (Caution) Use requires caution in patients with active or quiescent pulmonary tuberculosis or untreated systemic infections (fungal, viral, bacterial, parasitic), including ocular herpes simplex.
Pregnancy and Lactation Use of inhaled and nasal forms is generally permitted due to minimal systemic absorption.
Organ Function No special dosage recommendations are typically required for Beclometasone monotherapy in patients with hepatic or renal impairment.

The regulatory profile defines eligibility through absolute prohibitions for acute medical crises and hypersensitivity reactions. It establishes minimum age requirements based on established data and mandates specific cautionary use for populations with pre-existing infectious conditions or those transferring from systemic corticosteroid therapy. This structure strictly governs who is permitted, restricted, or prohibited from using the medicine for maintenance treatment.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Beclometasone dipropionate is primarily subject to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions that may lead to increased systemic exposure and related adverse effects.

Documented Exposure-Modifying Interactions

Category Official Regulatory Information
Specific Interacting Medicines Ritonavir (potent CYP3A inhibitor). Cobicistat (potent CYP3A inhibitor).
Mechanistic Basis Reduced metabolic clearance of Beclometasone's active metabolite (Beclometasone-17-monopropionate) via inhibition of the CYP3A enzyme pathway.
Interaction Outcome Co-administration with these potent inhibitors may increase the systemic exposure of Beclometasone, potentially elevating the risk of systemic glucocorticoid adverse effects.

Pharmacodynamic Interactions

Category Official Regulatory Information
Interacting Product Category Other medicines containing corticosteroids (steroids).
Interaction Effect Co-use with other steroids, such as oral tablets, injections, nasal sprays, or topical creams, is documented as causing an additive pharmacodynamic effect, increasing the chance of systemic glucocorticoid side effects.

Other Constraints

Category Official Regulatory Information
Herbal/Supplements Regulatory sources state there is not enough information to confirm the safety of complementary medicines, herbal remedies, and supplements for co-use.
Population Note Impairment of liver function may lead to accumulation due to reduced hepatic metabolism.

The overall regulatory profile highlights a need for caution when co-administering Beclometasone with potent CYP3A inhibitors and any other steroid-containing products, as both scenarios may increase systemic exposure and the resultant chance of systemic glucocorticoid effects.

Mechanism of Action

Genomic Reprogramming via the Glucocorticoid Receptor

Beclometasona functions as an agonist at the intracellular Glucocorticoid Receptor ( GR), which then enters the nucleus to control the cell's genetic code. This genomic action involves both Transactivation (switching on anti-inflammatory protein synthesis) and Transrepression (switching off pro-inflammatory gene expression, particularly those driven by transcription factors like NF-kappa B). This core mechanism results in time-lagged modulation of local inflammatory gene expression.


Upstream Blockade of Inflammatory Cascades

A crucial consequence of Transactivation is the upregulation of Lipocortin-1, which acts as an indirect inhibitor of the enzyme Phospholipase A2 ( PLA2). By blocking PLA2, the drug halts the synthesis of Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes—chemical mediators that increase vascular permeability and cellular activity—early in the Arachidonic Acid Cascade. This pathway blockade reduces microvascular permeability, contributing to a decrease in local extracellular fluid accumulation.


Cellular and Functional Modulation

The mechanism exerts control over the immune response by suppressing the activity and reducing the infiltration of key inflammatory cells, including Eosinophils and certain T-lymphocytes, at the application site. This Cellular Modulation influences chronic leukocyte-driven activity and alters mucus production. This action influences the structural and functional properties of the affected tissue and modulates the tissue's susceptibility to physiological triggers.

Dosage and Administration Information

Instruction Map: How to Use Beclometasone — Administration Guidelines

Beclometasone is used for maintenance therapy through two primary routes: oral inhalation via a metered-dose device and intranasal use via an aqueous spray or aerosol.

Parameter Instruction
Route of Administration Primarily Oral Inhalation and Intranasal Use.
Dosing Schedule Inhalation (Adults ≥12 yrs): Maintenance doses typically range from 40 mcg to 320 mcg per inhalation, administered twice daily (BID). Nasal Use: Usually 1 to 2 sprays per nostril, administered once or twice daily, depending on the specific product.
Frequency Pattern Daily for maintenance; predominantly Twice Daily (BID) to maintain consistent drug levels.
Preparation Requirements The device must be primed (actuated several times) before the first use or after a specified period of non-use.
Age-Group Rules Pediatric (Asthma 5–11 yrs): Maximum dosage is restricted, typically to 80 mcg twice daily. Older Adults: No specific dose adjustment is generally required.
Special Procedural Conditions Following oral inhalation, the patient must rinse the mouth with water and spit it out (do not swallow). The dosage should be titrated downwards to the lowest effective maintenance dose after control is achieved.

Connection to the overall use protocol:

The usage protocol dictates that Beclometasone is a maintenance therapy, requiring consistent, regular daily administration via inhaled or intranasal routes. This regimen is defined by specific dose ranges, a mandatory frequency, and technical requirements like priming and mouth rinsing, all necessary to comply with the usage protocol. The long-term protocol emphasizes dose reduction to the lowest necessary amount after achieving initial control.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research evidence / Overview of studies for Beclometasona


Evidence for Use in Chronic Asthma Maintenance

Research examining the long-term management of chronic asthma primarily relies on many Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), supported by extensive Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. These studies were conducted to explore how symptoms change over time in adults, adolescents, and children (as young as four years old) who experience persistent asthma. Researchers monitored objective measures of lung function, such as the amount of air a person can exhale in one second ( FEV1), alongside patient-reported symptom scores and the frequency of severe asthma exacerbations (flare-ups).

Findings from this research base describe patterns observed in the studies related to measured changes in lung function and changes in reported symptom scores compared to placebo. For certain patient groups who were dependent on other kinds of oral steroids, research explored the measurements related to reduction of the oral steroid dose while maintaining treatment with the inhaled medicine.

However, the existing evidence has limitations. Long-term outcomes extending beyond a year are not fully established by the core set of placebo-controlled trials. Furthermore, the populations included in the core RCTs are often highly selected, meaning the results apply only to those specific populations studied.


Evidence for Use in Allergic Rhinitis

Evidence for Use in Nasal Polyposis

The evidence for the nasal spray formulation was evaluated in several short-term RCTs and subsequent Systematic Reviews for conditions like allergic rhinitis. Research examined changes related to physical discomfort and outcomes linked to inflammatory or irritative states, monitoring nasal symptom scores and physical changes in nasal patency.

Beclometasona was also studied for the long-term management of nasal polyps. Findings describe patterns observed in these studies related to measurements of polyp recurrence over intermediate and long-term periods.

In both indications, systematic reviews have sometimes indicated that the data for certain groups, particularly specific pediatric rhinitis populations, can be limited and heterogeneous in quality across different historical trials.

Key Studies & References QVAR REDIHALER (beclomethasone dipropionate hfa aerosol, metered) U.S. FDA Label

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Beclometasona (FAQ)


Q: How quickly should I feel better after starting Beclometasona nasal spray?

A: Relief of nasal symptoms typically begins within a few days of starting the treatment. However, official product information indicates that it may take up to two weeks or longer to experience the medication's maximum benefit for some individuals.


Q: How long can a person safely use Beclometasona continuously?

A: Official regulatory information notes that the risk of systemic side effects, such as adrenal suppression, is linked to higher doses and prolonged treatment. For this reason, healthcare providers generally aim to reduce the dosage to the lowest effective amount after initial control of symptoms is achieved.


Q: Is there a link between Beclometasona use and cataracts?

A: Yes, official safety information lists the development of cataracts and glaucoma as documented, serious ocular effects. These are primarily associated with the long-term use of corticosteroids, which include Beclometasona.


Q: Can people with liver or kidney issues use Beclometasona?

A: For Beclometasona monotherapy, no specific dosage adjustments are typically required for people with hepatic (liver) or renal (kidney) impairment. Official documentation notes that caution is generally advised for use in patients with impaired liver function.


Q: Are older adults more prone to side effects from Beclometasona?

A: Official regulatory documents state that no specific dose adjustment is generally required for older adults. The potential for systemic side effects is tied to the dose used and the duration of treatment across all adult age groups.


Q: What research supports the use of Beclometasona for sinus issues?

A: Studies and regulatory approvals support the use of Beclometasona nasal spray for managing the symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis. It is also backed by evidence for the long-term management of nasal polyps, which are growths in the nasal passages and sinuses.


Q: Why is proper technique important when using Beclometasona devices?

A: Proper use, including technical steps like priming the device, is necessary to ensure the medication is delivered correctly to the target area. Furthermore, procedures like rinsing the mouth after inhalation help to reduce the risk of local side effects such as oral thrush (fungal infection).


Q: Does Beclometasona cause weight gain in the long run?

A: Weight gain, specifically the redistribution of fat around the face, neck, and trunk, is listed in official documents as a rare potential side effect. This outcome is associated with systemic glucocorticoid effects, which can occur if the medication is absorbed into the bloodstream.


Q: Can children use Beclometasona for allergies?

A: Yes, Beclometasona nasal spray is approved for the treatment of allergic rhinitis symptoms in children, with the minimum age for use established as young as four years old, depending on the specific product.


Q: Is Beclometasona safe to use during pregnancy for allergy symptoms?

A: Official regulatory documentation generally states that use of inhaled and nasal forms is permitted during pregnancy. This is because the drug is delivered locally, and minimal systemic absorption occurs, which is intended to limit effects on the rest of the body.


Q: What happens if I stop using Beclometasona suddenly?

A: Abrupt discontinuation of the medication, particularly after high-dose or long-term use, is associated with a risk of adrenal insufficiency. This warning is particularly relevant for patients transitioning from oral steroids.


Q: Can Beclometasona make you feel jittery or anxious?

A: Official safety information lists anxiety as an uncommon side effect. Additionally, psychiatric effects, including anxiety and sleep disorders, have been noted in post-marketing reports, particularly in children.


Q: Is it normal to get a dry nose when using Beclometasona nasal spray?

A: While nosebleeds (epistaxis) are commonly listed, official documents also cite general nasal discomfort as a common side effect of the nasal spray. This discomfort can include symptoms such as a dry nose or crusting.


Q: Does Beclometasona suppress the immune system significantly?

A: Beclometasona may cause immunosuppression, meaning it can weaken the immune response. Official warnings advise caution, as this effect can potentially worsen existing infections, such as tuberculosis or other fungal, viral, or bacterial diseases. Official warnings indicate this risk is associated with higher doses.


Q: Can Beclometasona affect my sleep patterns?

A: Sleep disorders and insomnia are listed as rare side effects in the psychiatric category.


Q: Is Beclometasona available over the counter in some countries?

A: Beclometasona dipropionate is generally supplied as a prescription-only medicine (Rx) in the United States and many other regions. However, the regulatory status for specific products or strengths can vary by country.


Q: Can using Beclometasona affect my sense of taste or smell?

A: Official safety information notes that loss of taste (ageusia) and loss of smell (anosmia) have been reported as side effects. The exact frequency of these occurrences is not known, as they are based on post-marketing reports.


Q: Is Beclometasona the same as Beclomethasone?

A: Yes, these two names refer to the same active ingredient. Beclometasona is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) used in many global regions, while Beclomethasone is the US Adopted Name (USAN) for the drug substance, beclomethasone dipropionate.


Q: What is the typical time frame for Beclometasona to reach its full effect?

A: For asthma maintenance using the inhaler, official guidance suggests that the maximum benefit may not be expected until 3 to 4 weeks of regular therapy. The nasal spray may show symptomatic relief sooner, but full effect can take up to two weeks.


Q: Can Beclometasona affect blood sugar levels?

A: Because Beclometasona belongs to the class of glucocorticoids, it may interfere with blood glucose control. Official warnings note that monitoring of blood sugar levels may be required, particularly for patients who have diabetes.


Q: Is it normal to cough a little after using a Beclometasona inhaler?

A: Cough and throat irritation are listed as common side effects of the inhaled form. Official prescribing information notes that pretreatment with a bronchodilator may help attenuate (reduce) this effect.


Q: Can Beclometasona be used by people with glaucoma?

A: Caution is advised for people with a history of glaucoma or cataracts. The prescribing information notes that regular eye examinations may be required or recommended for individuals with these conditions while using corticosteroids.


Q: What happens if Beclometasona is swallowed instead of inhaled?

A: The drug is specifically formulated to act locally in the lungs or nose. When swallowed, it undergoes significant first-pass metabolism, meaning most of the active substance is broken down by the liver, resulting in negligible systemic availability.


Q: What is the role of Beclometasona in preventing asthma attacks?

A: Beclometasona is indicated for the maintenance treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy, meaning it is intended to prevent symptoms and reduce the frequency of attacks. It is specifically not used for the relief of an acute, sudden asthma attack.

How should Beclometasona be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Beclometasona?

Storage and handling of Beclometasone Dipropionate must adhere strictly to official regulatory requirements, especially for aerosol forms.

Official Storage Conditions

Requirement Specifics
Temperature Store at controlled room temperature, typically 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
Protection The product must be protected from direct sunlight, excessive heat, and must not be refrigerated or frozen.
Container Rule Store in the original container. Pressurized canisters must not be punctured.
Child Safety Must be kept out of reach of children.

Disposal and Handling

Disposal of expired or unused product must follow local regulations and authorized pharmaceutical waste programs. The canister must not be thrown into a fire or incinerator due to the risk of explosion. Products with a dose counter must be discarded when the counter displays zero or after the expiration date.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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