Zeficam

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Zeficam

Medically reviewed

Rosario Oropesa

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Zeficam

What is Zeficam? Understanding Identity and Function

Property Description
Active Ingredient Lornoxicam
Form Tablet, Powder for Injection
Pharmacological Class Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
Common Purpose Relief of pain and inflammation
Origin Synthetic compound (Oxicam derivative)

What is Zeficam and What Class of Medicine Does it Belong To?

Zeficam is a prescription-only medicinal entity intended for use in adults, and its active ingredient is the synthetic compound Lornoxicam. Lornoxicam is officially classified as a Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID).

The drug belongs to the specific oxicam class of NSAIDs. Lornoxicam is known for its fast-acting profile compared to some other oxicam derivatives. This classification identifies it as an agent with established analgesic, anti-inflammatory action, and antipyretic action.


What is the General Purpose of Zeficam’s Action?

The general purpose of Zeficam is to achieve symptomatic relief by intervening directly in the body’s inflammatory response pathways, making it typically useful for general pain management. Lornoxicam functions as a Cyclooxygenase inhibitor. This action limits the creation of certain chemical messengers within the body.

By suppressing the synthesis of prostaglandins, the signaling molecules that generate the sensation of pain and initiate tissue swelling, the drug offers a general therapeutic benefit. This results in minimizing the perception of discomfort and reducing the underlying swelling and fever.


What Forms of Zeficam Are Available?

Zeficam is provided as a single active ingredient product in multiple dosage form(s) for effective delivery to adult patients. These include forms for oral administration, typically manufactured as a film-coated tablet.

A distinguishing factor is its availability as a lyophilized powder or powder for injection, which is reconstituted into an injectable solution for parenteral application. This flexibility—offering both standard oral and rapid-delivery parenteral options—positions the drug for use in both routine management and acute care settings.

What side effects are possible with Zeficam?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information: Zeficam (Lornoxicam)

The official safety documentation for Zeficam, an NSAID of the oxicam class, outlines possible adverse reactions grouped by the bodily systems they affect and classified by regulatory frequency standards.

Frequency and System Classification

Adverse effects are documented across several System-Organ Classes (SOCs). Gastrointestinal disorders (GI) and Nervous System disorders are the primary SOCs involved. Common reactions reported include nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, and headache. Less frequently, Uncommon reactions like dizziness, vomiting, and skin rash are listed.

Serious Adverse Reactions and Risk Patterns

The most clinically significant risks officially documented concern the Gastrointestinal and Cardiovascular systems. Serious events include the potential for GI bleeding, ulceration, or perforation, which is noted to be more frequent in the Elderly population. The official label also documents a risk of Arterial thrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction (heart attack) and stroke, particularly associated with high doses and long-term exposure. Severe cutaneous adverse reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, are also documented, with the highest risk noted early in therapy.

Safety Constraints

Lornoxicam is subject to explicit safety restrictions. It is contraindicated in patients with severe heart failure, active or recurrent peptic ulceration/bleeding, severe renal impairment, or severe hepatic impairment. The regulatory text also includes specific safety considerations for women, noting that Lornoxicam may impair female fertility.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and When to Seek Help

Overdose of Zeficam (Lornoxicam) may present with documented clinical manifestations primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. Initial signs may include nausea, vomiting, stomach ache (epigastric pain), dizziness, and headache. There is also a documented potential for internal haemorrhage (bleeding) in overdose situations.

Severe toxicity is associated with serious, officially documented outcomes affecting vital organs. These outcomes include acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis, hypotension (low blood pressure), and respiratory depression. There is also a documented risk of liver damage (hepatic necrosis). In rare, massive overdose cases, more extreme CNS effects like convulsions and progression to coma have been noted. Increased toxicity and severity of overdose are possible in patients with pre-existing renal or hepatic impairment.

Regulator-Mandated Emergency Actions

Regulatory authorities mandate that any suspected or confirmed overdose requires individuals to seek immediate medical attention. The official instruction is to contact emergency services immediately, particularly when life-threatening symptoms are present. Treatment is limited to symptomatic and supportive measures as no specific antidote is known for Lornoxicam. Administration of activated charcoal or gastric lavage may be considered for massive, recent exposures. Hospital monitoring may be required following overexposure, while forced elimination methods such as haemodialysis are documented as unlikely to be effective.

Therapeutic Uses of Zeficam

Zeficam (Lornoxicam) is applied across therapeutic domains to help manage symptoms related to physical discomfort and inflammatory or irritative states.


Acute Pain and Post-Procedural Relief

Lornoxicam is generally applied in clinical settings that involve acute or unstable symptom patterns, and is applied when short-term symptomatic assistance is needed during episodes of sudden, pronounced physical discomfort. It is commonly used in scenarios such as post-operative distress following surgical procedures or pain after invasive dental work. The benefit is providing supportive relief that helps patients cope more steadily with these difficult, acute episodes.


Chronic Inflammatory and Musculoskeletal Conditions

Zeficam is considered relevant for conditions characterized by recurrent inflammatory or irritative states and joint stiffness. This includes symptomatic management of long-term conditions like Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Ankylosing Spondylitis, as well as acute flare-ups of low back pain and sciatica. It contributes to easing the overall symptom load and may assist with maintaining functional stability during periods when symptoms become more noticeable.


Quick Fact: Supports Management of Physical Discomfort and Inflammation (Symptomatic Relief Focus)

Regulatory References

  1. Summary of Product Characteristics - HPRA

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Who Can and Cannot Use Zeficam?

This section outlines the official population eligibility rules for Zeficam (Lornoxicam) as documented in governmental regulatory sources. Use is strictly determined by these requirements.


Eligibility Scope

Category Official Regulatory Statement
Allowed Population Adult patients (aged 18 years and older) who do not possess any of the documented contraindications.
Age-Related Rules Children and adolescents below 18 years are not recommended for use because safety and efficacy have not been established.
Restricted/Caution Use Older adults require caution due to increased risk of adverse effects. Patients with mild to moderate hepatic or renal impairment require close clinical monitoring.

Contraindicated Populations (Must Not Use)

Zeficam is contraindicated (absolutely prohibited) in individuals with specific high-risk conditions, including:

  • Hypersensitivity to Lornoxicam or other NSAIDs (including aspirin).
  • Severe organ impairment, specifically severe heart failure, severe hepatic impairment, or severe renal impairment.
  • Gastrointestinal (GI) Risk: Patients with active or recurrent peptic ulceration/haemorrhage or a history of GI bleeding related to previous NSAID therapy.
  • Reproductive Status: Women in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Use is also not recommended during the first two trimesters of pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Zeficam's official interaction profile is defined by its NSAID classification and effects on drug elimination pathways, establishing mandatory constraints documented in government regulatory sources.

Documented Interaction Scope

Category Regulatory Description
Interacting Categories Anticoagulants, Anti-platelet Agents, Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, ARBs, Immunosuppressants, Cardiac Glycosides, and other NSAIDs.
Specific Agents Warfarin, Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus, Lithium, Methotrexate, Digoxin, and Cimetidine.
Restriction Concomitant use with Other NSAIDs (including COX-2 inhibitors) and Acetylsalicylic acid (analgesic doses) is subject to a strict regulatory mandate for avoidance.
Timing Note Special care is noted if Methotrexate is administered within 24 hours of Zeficam.

Official Interaction Statements

  • Enhanced Bleeding Risk: Co-administration with Anticoagulants enhances their effects, leading to a formally documented increased risk of bleeding.
  • Increased Drug Exposure: Zeficam may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations and subsequent adverse effects of Lithium, Methotrexate, and Digoxin due to reduced clearance.
  • Organ-Specific Risk: Interaction with Ciclosporin and Tacrolimus leads to an increased risk of nephrotoxicity (reduced kidney function).
  • Antagonistic Effect: The co-administration of Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, or ARBs results in the antagonism and reduction of the antihypertensive or diuretic effect.

Interaction Context

This profile details both pharmacodynamic reinforcement of risks (e.g., bleeding, nephrotoxicity) and pharmacokinetic alteration of co-administered medicines (e.g., reduced clearance of certain drugs). The official documents note that the risk of reduced renal function, specifically with Diuretics or ACE Inhibitors, is heightened in the elderly and patients with compromised cardiac or renal function.

Mechanism of Action

How Zeficam Works

Targeting Gated Receptor Pathways

Zeficam's action begins with the selective allosteric modulation of Gated Receptors located within key regulatory neural pathways. The drug binds to a site distinct from the native neurotransmitter binding site, thereby adjusting the receptor's sensitivity. This interaction results in the attenuation of signal transduction activity at the cellular level.

Modulating Intracellular Signal Cascades

Following receptor binding, Zeficam initiates changes that extend deeper into the cell by influencing intracellular messenger molecules and specific kinases. This action modifies the subsequent signal transduction cascades, influencing activity patterns within defined physiological pathways by limiting the long-term impact of the initial molecular signal.

Regulating Mediator Release Dynamics

The drug's activity includes influence on the release patterns of specific neural and humoral mediators. By altering defined parameters of cell communication processes, Zeficam influences the kinetics of the targeted pathways, which contributes to alterations in systemic pathway activity.

Dosage and Administration Information

How to Use Zeficam

This section outlines the general principles for the administration and dosing of Zeficam (Lornoxicam).


Administration Routes and Forms

Zeficam is provided for both oral and parenteral administration. Oral use involves taking the medicine as a film-coated tablet, available in 4 mg and 8 mg strengths. Parenteral use refers to the administration of the injectable form, which is provided as an 8 mg powder for injection intended for reconstitution into an intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) solution.


Standard Dosing Regimens

Specific boundaries exist for standard usage patterns. For the short-term relief of acute pain, the typical daily dose may range from 8 mg to 16 mg. For the symptomatic management of chronic conditions, such as osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis, the initial daily dose is generally 12 mg. The absolute maximum total daily dose for any approved indication, across both oral and parenteral routes, must not exceed 16 mg over a 24-hour period.


Frequency and Contextual Instructions

To maintain the intended schedule, the total prescribed daily dose is administered in 2 or 3 separate divided doses. Oral tablets should be taken with a sufficient quantity of liquid and may be administered approximately 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. For the injectable form, the lyophilized powder must be reconstituted immediately with 2 ml of water for injection before delivery, and the prepared solution must be used promptly.


Population-Specific Use Limits

Specific dose modifications are detailed for certain adult populations. For individuals with mild-to-moderate renal or hepatic impairment, the maximum daily dose is lowered to 12 mg, divided into 2 or 3 doses. The medicine is not recommended for use in children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research evidence / Overview of studies for Zeficam

Evidence for Use in Short-term Relief of Acute Pain

Research involving Lornoxicam has explored acute pain through randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These short-term studies were conducted during periods of increased symptom activity, particularly in adult patients experiencing physical discomfort after invasive procedures like surgery or dental work. The studies primarily focused on measuring physical discomfort outcomes, examining symptom intensity and variability over short periods. Researchers also recorded the use of rescue pain relief to understand patterns of supplemental medication use.

Trials documented that measurements of outcomes related to physical discomfort in the observed populations varied between the Lornoxicam and inactive substance (placebo) groups. Findings indicated patterns related to the recorded use of supplemental analgesics in the immediate post-procedural period. The data show patterns related to temporary changes in discomfort scores within defined time intervals.

Evidence for Use in Chronic Inflammatory and Musculoskeletal Conditions

For conditions characterized by fluctuating or episodic manifestations, such as Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lornoxicam was evaluated in intermediate-term studies. These clinical studies typically involved adult populations, where researchers measured outcomes related to daily functioning or activity level, as well as patient-reported outcomes describing perceived discomfort. Research describes changes measured during the study period, indicating that Lornoxicam was associated with measurements that were similar to those observed with other common Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) for these conditions.

What is Still Uncertain About Zeficam

Evidence highlights what is known—and what is still uncertain—about Lornoxicam. Follow-up durations were limited across many trials, particularly in determining the long-term changes in daily functioning or disease outcomes in chronic conditions. Furthermore, few data are available specifically characterizing the use of Lornoxicam in the older adult population or in patients with complex comorbid conditions. The research provides context but not individual predictions, and the available evidence is a component of the broader research effort.

Key Studies & References Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - Xefo 8 mg film-coated tablets (HPRA)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Zeficam (FAQ)


Q: How quickly should I expect Zeficam to start working?

Regulatory information indicates that Zeficam is absorbed rapidly after administration. Plasma concentrations, which correspond to the drug's activity, typically reach their highest level approximately one to two hours after you take the medication.

Q: If I miss a dose of Zeficam, what generally happens?

General patient information usually indicates that if a dose is missed, individuals should typically skip that dose and continue with the next scheduled dose. Doubling the dose to compensate is commonly stated as being not recommended.

Q: Does Zeficam cause sleepiness?

Official documentation reports that effects on the central nervous system (CNS) are potential side effects of Zeficam. These can include headache, dizziness, and somnolence, which is the medical term for sleepiness.

Q: Are there any common over-the-counter medicines that interact with Zeficam?

Yes. According to regulatory documentation, concurrent use with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is restricted and should be avoided. This restriction specifically includes Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), when it is used at analgesic (pain-relieving) doses, as listed in the drug's interaction profile.

Q: Is Zeficam known to be habit-forming?

Zeficam (Lornoxicam) is classified as an NSAID and is not associated with the development of physical dependence. Therefore, it is not listed as a controlled substance by regulatory authorities and is not classified as having habit-forming potential.

Q: Can Zeficam affect the results of lab tests?

Official safety documents report that Zeficam may occasionally cause increases in certain blood values, such as serum transaminases (related to liver function) and blood urea nitrogen (related to kidney function). The potential for changes in these values means that regular laboratory assessments are often a component of long-term treatment protocols.

Q: How long does Zeficam usually stay in the body?

Regulatory information on the drug’s processing by the body indicates that Lornoxicam has a relatively short elimination half-life, meaning it takes approximately three to four hours for half of the dose to be cleared from the bloodstream.

Q: What is the purpose of the black box warning on Zeficam?

As a medication belonging to the Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) class, Zeficam is subject to official warnings concerning potential serious risks. These risks primarily involve the cardiovascular system (like heart attack and stroke) and the gastrointestinal system (like bleeding and ulceration).

Q: Can Zeficam be taken at the same time as supplements?

Official interaction documents do not specifically list every supplement. However, the product information indicates that combinations with products—including herbal or natural remedies—that affect blood clotting or alter kidney function should be used with caution.

Q: What happens if Zeficam is taken for longer than recommended?

Official documentation specifically warns that the risk of serious side effects, particularly cardiovascular thrombotic events, is generally associated with the use of high doses and long-term exposure to the medication.

Q: Why do some people need to stop taking Zeficam before surgery?

Regulatory warnings indicate that Zeficam, like other NSAIDs, acts to reduce the aggregation of platelets, which are essential for blood clotting. Regulatory warnings note that this effect on bleeding time is the reason such medications are often discontinued prior to surgical procedures.

Q: Are there any restrictions on driving or operating machinery while on Zeficam?

Official regulatory guidance advises that if an individual experiences side effects such as dizziness, somnolence (sleepiness), or vision disturbances, activities that require concentration, such as driving or operating machinery, should be avoided.

Q: Is Zeficam a controlled substance?

No. Zeficam’s active ingredient, Lornoxicam, is a non-opioid NSAID and is not classified as a controlled substance by major regulatory authorities.

Q: What is the difference between Zeficam and its generic version?

The generic version contains the exact same active ingredient, Lornoxicam, as the brand-name Zeficam. Regulatory agencies require generic medications to be bioequivalent, meaning they must work in the same way and provide the same therapeutic effects as the brand-name product.

Q: Can Zeficam cause skin sensitivity to the sun?

While severe cutaneous adverse reactions (serious skin conditions) are listed in official safety documentation, photosensitivity—increased sensitivity to sunlight—is a known risk monitored across the NSAID drug class that contains Lornoxicam.

Q: What happens if Zeficam interacts with alcohol?

Official guidance states that concurrent consumption of alcohol is not recommended. Combining Zeficam with alcohol may significantly increase the risk of severe gastrointestinal adverse effects, such as bleeding, and may worsen central nervous system effects, including dizziness and drowsiness.

Q: What does official guidance say about stopping Zeficam treatment?

Regulatory guidance suggests Zeficam should be used for the shortest duration necessary to control symptoms. As it is a non-narcotic medication, it is not associated with the development of physical dependence, and there are no known drug-specific withdrawal symptoms upon cessation.

Q: How long does Zeficam's effect typically last after one use?

The drug's activity is typically sustained for a duration that aligns with the required dosing schedule. Official prescribing information states that the total prescribed daily dose is administered in 2 or 3 separate divided doses, which corresponds to its relatively short half-life.

Q: Does Zeficam cause changes in mood or anxiety?

Official safety data for the drug class often lists psychiatric and central nervous system disorders among potential side effects. While not commonly experienced, mood changes and anxiety are reported as potential, less frequent adverse reactions that regulatory bodies monitor.

Q: Is Zeficam known to cause weight changes?

Regulatory documents indicate that fluid retention, which can lead to temporary weight gain, is a known NSAID effect that regulatory bodies monitor. However, significant or common weight changes are not typically listed among the most frequent adverse reactions.

Q: Are there any official reports of unexpected side effects with Zeficam?

The undesirable effects listed in official product information are compiled from both initial clinical trials and ongoing post-marketing surveillance. This collection captures both common reactions and rare or unexpected adverse reactions reported after the drug is released to the public.

Q: What is the risk of withdrawal symptoms if Zeficam is stopped suddenly?

Lornoxicam is classified as a non-opioid NSAID and does not cause physical dependence. Official guidance does not suggest a risk of developing drug-specific withdrawal symptoms if the medication is stopped suddenly.

Q: Are there specific symptoms that require immediate medical attention while taking Zeficam?

Regulatory patient information identifies certain symptoms that are associated with serious complications. These include signs of bleeding (such as black stools or vomiting blood), symptoms related to heart issues (chest pain, difficulty breathing), sudden weakness, or severe skin reactions (blistering or rash).

How should Zeficam be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Zeficam

Zeficam (Lornoxicam) must be stored according to specific regulatory requirements to maintain product stability and ensure safety.

Storage Conditions

The medicine must be kept in its original package and stored at a temperature below 25°C.

It is mandatory to protect Zeficam from light and moisture; tablets should be kept in the outer carton. The original powder for injection must not be refrigerated or frozen.

Formulation Stability After Preparation
Powder for Injection 2 hours at 25°C; 24 hours if refrigerated (2°C to 8°C)

Disposal and Child Safety

Zeficam must be stored out of the sight and reach of children.

Disposal of unused or expired product must not be done via household waste or wastewater, and it is required to follow local requirements for pharmaceutical waste handling.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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