Vitopin

Lycopene (Vitopin), an antioxidant, is indicated for the treatment and prevention of cancer, cataract, asthma, HPV infection, atherosclerosis, CVD and prostate cancer. Lycopene (Vitopin) is a good anti-inflammatory agent and anti-oxidant.

Saturated solution of Potassium iodide (Vitopin) (SSKI) is used pharmaceutically for emergency use in patients experiencing acute symptoms of severe hyperglycemia (also known as thyroid storm or thyrotoxic crisis). SSKI can also be used for radioiodine-contamination emergencies or in preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is the 4-methanol form of vitamin B6 and is converted to pyridoxal 5-phosphate in the body. Pyridoxal 5-phosphate is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) and vitamin B6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading. [PubChem]

Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide. [PubChem]

Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is a colorless compound with the chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) decomposes if heated. Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) was first discovered by Umetaro Suzuki in Japan when researching how rice bran cured patients of Beriberi. Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) plays an important role in helping the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy. It is essential for normal growth and development and helps to maintain proper functioning of the heart and the nervous and digestive systems. Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) cannot be stored in the body; however, once absorbed, the vitamin is concentrated in muscle tissue.

Vitamin A (Vitopin) (Glucoenergan, Reactivan) is a stimulant which was developed in the 1960s as an appetite suppressant, but was later withdrawn for this application due to problems with dependence and abuse. It is around half the potency of dexamphetamine, and is prescribed at a dose of 10-60mg, although abusers of the drug tend to rapidly develop tolerance and escalate their dose. Reactivan is still rarely used for treating depressive day-time fatigue, lack of concentration and lethargy, particularly in individuals who have chronic medical conditions, as its favourable safety profile makes it the most suitable drug in some cases.

A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, Vitamin C (Vitopin), functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C (Vitopin) is considered an antioxidant.

A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Vitamin E acetate (Vitopin)&

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) Capsule: Each capsule contains zinc sulphate monohydrate 54.93 mg, Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) nitrate 10 mg, Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) 10 mg, Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) 3 mg, vitamin B12 (coated) equivalent to cyanocobalamin 15 mcg, ascorbic acid 150 mg, folic acid 1 mg, nicotinamide 50 mg and calcium pantothenate 12.5 mg.

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) Syrup: Each 5 mL contains Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) 34.9 mg, Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) mononitrate 2.5 mg, Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) 2.5 mg, Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) 1 mg, cyanocobalamin 3 mcg, ascorbic acid 50 mg, d-panthenol 12.5 mg and niacinamide 25 mg in a flavoured liquid glucose sorbitol syrup base.

These compounds act mainly as normalizatoare of cellular metabolic process. ale fenomenelor oxidative si de imbatranire. Alterations mentioned processes underlying degenerative processes of cell aging and oxidative phenomena

hypersensitivity

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) is oral antithyroid agent. Potassium iodide (Vitopin) is used as an adjunct to other antithyroid agents in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis and preoperatively to induce thyroid involution. (radiation poisoning;)

* Sideroblastic anaemia

* Treatment and prophylaxis of vitamin B6 deficiency states

Oral

Prophylaxis of Riboflavin (Vitopin) deficiency

Adult: 1-2 mg daily.

Incompatibility: Incompatible with alkaline solutions and with tetracycline, erythromycin and streptomycin.

Oral

Riboflavin (Vitopin) deficiency

Adult: Up to 30 mg daily in divided doses.

Child: 3-10 mg daily.

Incompatibility: Incompatible with alkaline solutions and with tetracycline, erythromycin and streptomycin.

Oral

Microcytic anaemia

Adult: Associated with splenomegaly and glutathione reductase deficiency: 10 mg daily for 10 days.

Incompatibility: Incompatible with alkaline solutions and with tetracycline, erythromycin and streptomycin.

Oral

Selenium (Vitopin) deficiency

Adult: 100-500 mcg of Selenium (Vitopin) daily.

Intramuscular

Selenium (Vitopin) deficiency

Adult: 100-500 mcg of Selenium (Vitopin) daily.

Intravenous

Selenium (Vitopin) deficiency

Adult: 100-500 mcg of Selenium (Vitopin) daily.

Fatigue mental and physical stress, vit B complex deficiency, prolonged diarrhoea and other GI disorders malnutrition, co-prescription with antibiotics.

Vitamin A (Vitopin) injection is effective for the treatment of Vitamin A (Vitopin) deficiency.

The parenteral administration is indicated when the oral administration is not feasible as in anorexia, nausea, vomiting, pre- and postoperative conditions, or it is not available as in the "Malabsorption Syndrome" with accompanying steatorrhea.

Pediatric Use: Vitamin A (Vitopin) treatment for deficiency states has been recognized as an especially effective and important therapy in the pediatric population.

Vitamin A (Vitopin) supplementation for deficiency states in this population has been addressed by the Committee on Clinical Practice Issues of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, by the American Society for

Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and by the World Health Organization.

For systemic use of Vitamin C (Vitopin): prevention and treatment of hypo- and avitaminosis of Vitamin C (Vitopin); providing increased need for Vitamin C (Vitopin) during growth, pregnancy, lactation, with heavy loads, fatigue and during recovery after prolonged severe illness; in winter with an increased risk of infectious diseases.

For intravaginal use: chronic or recurrent vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis, nonspecific vaginitis) caused by the anaerobic flora (due to changes in pH of the vagina) in order to normalize disturbed vaginal microflora.

Vitamin deficiencies, conditions of convalescence after a disease occurring with a feverish syndrome, high physical activity, older age, disease ligamentous system and muscles. Climacteric autonomic disorders. Neurasthenia with fatigue, asthenia neurasthenic syndrome, primary muscular dystrophy, posttraumatic, postinfectious secondary myopathy. Degenerative and proliferative changes in the joints and ligamentous apparatus spine and large joints.

Zinc is a naturally occurring mineral. Zinc is important for growth and for the development and health of body tissues.

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) is used to treat and to prevent zinc deficiency

Manganese supplements are used to prevent or treat manganese deficiency.

The body needs manganese for normal growth and health. For patients who are unable to get enough manganese in their regular diet or who have a need for more manganese, manganese supplements may be necessary. Manganese helps your body break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. It does so as part of several enzymes.

Manganese deficiency has not been reported in humans. Lack of manganese in animals has been found to cause improper formation of bone and cartilage, may decrease the body's ability to use sugar properly, and may cause growth problems.

Injectable manganese supplements are given by or under the supervision of a health care professional.

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) is the potassium salt form of iodide, a naturally occurring substance.

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) can be used as an expectorant to thin mucus and loosen congestion in your chest and throat.

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) is used in people with chronic breathing problems that can be complicated by thick mucus in the respiratory tract, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema.

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is vitamin B6. Vitamins occur naturally in foods such as meat, poultry, nuts, whole grains, bananas, and avocados. Vitamin B6 is important for many processes in the body.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is used to treat or prevent vitamin B6 deficiency. It is also used to treat a certain type of anemia (lack of red blood cells). Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) injection is also used to treat some types of seizure in babies.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) taken by mouth (oral) is available without a prescription. Injectable Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) must be given by a healthcare professional.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Vitamins are compounds that you must have for growth and health. They are needed in small amounts only and are usually available in the foods that you eat. Riboflavin (Vitopin) (vitamin B 2) is needed to help break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It also makes it possible for oxygen to be used by your body.

Lack of Riboflavin (Vitopin) may lead to itching and burning eyes, sensitivity of eyes to light, sore tongue, itching and peeling skin on the nose and scrotum, and sores in the mouth. Your doctor may treat this condition by prescribing Riboflavin (Vitopin) for you.

Some conditions may increase your need for Riboflavin (Vitopin). These include:

• Alcoholism
• Burns
• Cancer
• Diarrhea (continuing)
• Fever (continuing)
• Illness (continuing)
• Infection
• Intestinal diseases
• Liver disease
• Overactive thyroid
• Serious injury
• Stress (continuing)
• Surgical removal of stomach

In addition, Riboflavin (Vitopin) may be given to infants with high blood levels of bilirubin (hyperbilirubinemia).

Increased need for Riboflavin (Vitopin) should be determined by your health care professional.

Claims that Riboflavin (Vitopin) is effective for treatment of acne, some kinds of anemia (weak blood), migraine headaches, and muscle cramps have not been proven.

Oral forms of Riboflavin (Vitopin) are available without a prescription.

Selenium (Vitopin) is mineral that is found in soil and occurs naturally in certain foods (such as whole grains, Brazil nuts, sunflower seeds, and seafood). Selenium (Vitopin) is not produced in the body, but it is needed for proper thyroid and immune system function.

Selenium (Vitopin) is used to treat or prevent Selenium (Vitopin) deficiency.

Selenium (Vitopin) has been used in alternative medicine as an aid to treat Hashimoto's thyroiditis (an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid), and to treat high cholesterol.

Not all uses for Selenium (Vitopin) have been approved by the FDA. Selenium (Vitopin) should not be used in place of medication prescribed for you by your doctor.

Selenium (Vitopin) may also be used for purposes not listed in this product guide.

Vitamins are compounds that you must have for growth and health. They are needed in small amounts only and are usually available in the foods that you eat. Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin B 1) is needed for the breakdown of carbohydrates.

Some conditions may increase your need for Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin). These include:

• Alcoholism
• Burns
• Diarrhea (continuing)
• Fever (continuing)
• Illness (continuing)
• Intestinal disease
• Liver disease
• Overactive thyroid
• Stress (continuing)
• Surgical removal of stomach

Also, the following groups of people may have a deficiency of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin):

• Patients using an artificial kidney (on hemodialysis)
• Individuals who do heavy manual labor on a daily basis

Increased need for Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) should be determined by your health care professional.

Lack of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) may lead to a condition called beriberi. Signs of beriberi include loss of appetite, constipation, muscle weakness, pain or tingling in arms or legs, and possible swelling of feet or lower legs. In addition, if severe, lack of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) may cause mental depression, memory problems, weakness, shortness of breath, and fast heartbeat. Your health care professional may treat this by prescribing Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) for you.

Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) may also be used for other conditions as determined by your health care professional.

Claims that Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is effective for treatment of skin problems, chronic diarrhea, tiredness, mental problems, multiple sclerosis, nerve problems, and ulcerative colitis (a disease of the intestines), or as an insect repellant or to stimulate appetite have not been proven.

Injectable Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is administered only by or under the supervision of your health care professional. Other forms of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) are available without a prescription.

Once a medicine or dietary supplement has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although this use is not included in product labeling, Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is used in certain patients with the following medical conditions:

• Enzyme deficiency diseases such as encephalomyelopathy, maple syrup urine disease, pyruvate carboxylase, and hyperalaninemia

Vitamins are compounds that you must have for growth and health. They are needed in small amounts only and are usually available in the foods that you eat. Vitamin A (Vitopin) is needed for night vision and for growth of skin, bones, and male and female reproductive organs. In pregnant women Vitamin A (Vitopin) is necessary for the growth of a healthy fetus.

Lack of Vitamin A (Vitopin) may lead to a rare condition called night blindness (problems seeing in the dark), as well as dry eyes, eye infections, skin problems, and slowed growth. Your health care professional may treat these problems by prescribing Vitamin A (Vitopin) for you.

Some conditions may increase your need for Vitamin A (Vitopin). These include:

• Diarrhea
• Eye diseases
• Intestine diseases
• Infections (continuing or chronic)
• Measles
• Pancreas disease
• Stomach removal
• Stress (continuing)

In addition, infants receiving unfortified formula may need Vitamin A (Vitopin) supplements.

Vitamin A (Vitopin) absorption will be decreased in any condition in which fat is poorly absorbed.

Increased need for Vitamin A (Vitopin) should be determined by your health care professional.

Claims that Vitamin A (Vitopin) is effective for treatment of conditions such as acne or lung diseases, or for treatment of eye problems, wounds, or dry or wrinkled skin not caused by lack of Vitamin A (Vitopin) have not been proven. Although Vitamin A (Vitopin) is being used to prevent certain types of cancer, some experts feel there is not enough information to show that this is effective, particularly in well-nourished individuals.

Injectable Vitamin A (Vitopin) is given by or under the supervision of a health care professional. Other forms of Vitamin A (Vitopin) are available without a prescription.

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C (Vitopin)) occurs naturally in foods such as citrus fruit, tomatoes, potatoes, and leafy vegetables. Vitamin C (Vitopin) is important for bones and connective tissues, muscles, and blood vessels. Vitamin C (Vitopin) also helps the body absorb iron, which is needed for red blood cell production.

Ascorbic acid is used to treat and prevent Vitamin C (Vitopin) deficiency.

Ascorbic acid may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant that occurs naturally in foods such as nuts, seeds, and leafy green vegetables. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin important for many processes in the body.

Vitamin E is used to treat or prevent vitamin E deficiency. People with certain diseases may need extra vitamin E.

Vitamin E may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Zinc is a naturally occurring mineral. Zinc is important for growth and for the development and health of body tissues.

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) is used to treat and to prevent zinc deficiency.

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Usual Adult Dose for Cough

300 to 650 mg orally 3 to 4 times a day.

Usual Adult Dose for Hyperthyroidism

Oral solution: 250 mg orally 3 times a day. Give for 10 to 14 days prior to thyroid surgery.

May be given as 0.25 mL of a 1 g/mL potassium iodine solution (SSKI) or as 4 mL of 325 mg/5 mL solution. Alternatively, 2 to 6 drops of a 10% Potassium iodide (Vitopin)/5% iodine solution may be given orally 3 times a day with food.

Usual Adult Dose for Cutaneous Sporotrichosis

250 to 500 mg orally 3 times a day. Increase gradually to a maximum of 2 to 2.5 grams 3 times a day. Continue at maximum tolerated dose until the cutaneous lesions have resolved, usually 6 to 12 weeks.

Usual Adult Dose for Radiation Emergency

Pregnant or lactating women with exposure >= 5 centigrays (cGy): 130 mg orally per day.

>18 and <=40 years with exposure >= 10 centigrays (cGy): 130 mg orally per day.

>40 years with exposure >= 500 centigrays (cGy): 130 mg orally per day.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Cough

60 to 250 mg orally every 4 to 6 times a day. Maximum single dose 500 mg.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Hyperthyroidism

Oral solution: 250 mg orally 3 times a day. Give for 10 to 14 days prior to thyroid surgery.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Cutaneous Sporotrichosis

250 to 500 mg orally 3 times a day. Increase gradually to a maximum of 1.25 to 2 grams 3 times a day. Continue at maximum tolerated dose until the cutaneous lesions have resolved, usually 6 to 12 weeks.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Radiation Emergency

<=1 month with exposure >= 5 centigrays (cGy): 16 mg orally per day.

>1 month <=3 years with exposure >= 5 centigrays (cGy): 32 mg orally per day.

>3 years <= 18 years (less than 70 kg) with exposure >= 5 centigrays (cGy): 65 mg orally per day.

>13 years >= 70 kg with exposure >= 5 centigrays (cGy): 130 mg orally per day.

Renal Dose Adjustments

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) should be used cautiously in patients with renal dysfunction. Due to impaired renal filtering of electrolytes, an increase in serum potassium can occur in patients with renal impairment.

Liver Dose Adjustments

Data not available

Dialysis

Data not available

Other Comments

Administer after meals with food or milk or dilute with a large quantity of water, fruit juice, or broth.

Usual Adult Dose for Drug Induced Vitamin/Mineral Deficiency:

Drug Induced Neuritis:

Cycloserine: 100 to 300 mg/day orally in divided doses.

Isoniazid or penicillamine: 100 to 200 mg/day orally for 3 weeks or 25 to 100 mg/day for prophylaxis.

Oral contraceptives: 25 to 30 mg/day orally.

Acute Intoxication:

Hydralazine: 25 mg/kg. One-third of the dose should be administered IM and the remainder administered as an IV infusion over 3 hours.

Isoniazid: 1 to 4 grams IV as a first dose, then 1 g IM every 30 minutes until the total required dose has been administered (given with other anticonvulsants as needed). The total dose administered should equal the amount of isoniazid ingested.

Mushroom ingestion (genus Gyromitra): 25 mg/kg IV infused over 15 to 30 minutes. Repeat as needed to a maximum total daily dose of 15 to 20 g.

Usual Adult Dose for Dietary Supplement:

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) Deficiency:

10 to 25 mg/day orally, IM, or IV for 3 weeks followed by 2 to 5 mg/day from a multivitamin product.

Usual Adult Dose for Anemia:

Sideroblastic, hereditary: 200 to 600 mg orally daily. If adequate response obtained, dose may be decreased to 30 to 50 mg orally daily.

If therapeutic response is not obtained after 1 to 2 months of Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) therapy, a different therapy should be considered.

Usual Adult Dose for Nausea/Vomiting:

Nausea and vomiting of Pregnancy:

25 mg orally every 8 hours.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Drug Induced Vitamin/Mineral Deficiency:

Drug Induced Neuritis (cycloserine, isoniazid, hydralazine, penicillamine) :

Treatment: 10 to 50 mg/day.

Prophylaxis: 1 to 2 mg/kg/day

Acute Intoxication:

Hydralazine: 25 mg/kg: One-third of the dose should be administered IM and the remainder administered as an IV infusion over 3 hours.

Isoniazid: Acute ingestion of known amount: Initial: A total dose of Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) equal to the amount of isoniazid ingested (maximum dose: 70 mg/kg, up to 5 g); administer at a rate of 0.5 to 1 g/minute until seizures stop or the maximum initial dose has been administered; may repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed to control persistent seizure activity and/or CNS toxicity. If seizures stop prior to the administration of the calculated initial dose, infuse the remaining Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) over 4 to 6 hours. Acute ingestion of unknown amount: Initial: 70 mg/kg (maximum dose: 5 g); administer at a rate of 0.5 to 1 g/minute; may repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed to control persistent seizure activity and/or CNS toxicity.

Mushroom ingestion (genus Gyromitra): 25 mg/kg IV. Repeat as needed up to a maximum total dose of 15 to 20 g.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Dietary Supplement:

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) Deficiency:

5 to 25 mg/day orally, IM, or IV for 3 weeks followed by 1.5 to 2.5 mg/day from a multivitamin product.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Seizures:

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin)-dependent seizures:

10 to 100 mg PO, IM, or IV initially, followed by 2 to 100 mg orally daily.

Dosage Forms

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Capsule,

Oral:

B-2-400: 400 mg

Generic: 50 mg

Tablet,

Oral:

Generic: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg

Dosing: Adult

Dietary supplement:

Oral: 100 mg once or twice daily

Prevention of migraine headache (off-label use):

Oral: 400 mg once daily (Rahimdel 2015; Schoenen 1998)

Dosing: Geriatric

Refer to adult dosing.

Dosing: Pediatric

Dietary supplement: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: A multivitamin preparation is most commonly used for the provision of Riboflavin (Vitopin) supplementation in pediatric patients; the use of a single-ingredient Riboflavin (Vitopin) product as a daily supplement for the prevention of deficiency in pediatric patients is very rare. If single-ingredient Riboflavin (Vitopin) supplement is necessary, consult product labeling for appropriateness of product in infants and young children in particular.

Migraine headache, prevention: Limited data available, efficacy results variable: Children ≥ 8 years and Adolescents:

Oral: 200 to 400 mg once daily; dosing based on a retrospective study of 41 patients (ages 8 to 18 years) who received 200 mg/day (n=21) or 400 mg/day (n=20) as prophylaxis for migraine and migraine-type headaches; results showed significant reduction in primary endpoint of frequency of headache attack; 68.4% of patients had a ≥50% decrease in headache frequency during treatment (Condò 2009). However, in a prospective, placebo-controlled study of 48 patients (ages 5 to 15 years), patients received 200 mg/day (n=27) or placebo (n=21) and in the treatment group (Riboflavin (Vitopin)) no benefit compared to placebo for migraine frequency or intensity was observed; a high placebo responder rate was also reported (MacLennan 2008).

Selenium (Vitopin) Injection provides 40 mcg Selenium (Vitopin)/mL. For metabolically stable adults receiving TPN, the suggested additive dosage level is 20 to 40 mcg Selenium (Vitopin)/day. For pediatric patients, the suggested additive dosage level is 3 mcg/kg/day.

In adults, Selenium (Vitopin) deficiency states resulting from long-term TPN support, Selenium (Vitopin) as selenomethionine or selenious acid, administered intravenously at 100 mcg/day for a period of 24 and 31 days, respectively, has been reported to reverse deficiency symptoms without toxicity.

Aseptic addition of Selenium (Vitopin) Injection to the TPN solution under laminar flow hood is recommended. Selenium (Vitopin) is physically compatible with the electrolytes and other trace elements usually present in amino-acid/dextrose solution used for TPN. Frequent monitoring of plasma Selenium (Vitopin) levels is suggested as a guideline for subsequent administration. The normal whole blood range for Selenium (Vitopin) is approximately 10 to 37 mcg/100 mL.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration, whenever solution and container permit.

15ml 3-4 times/day or as directed by the physician.

Usual Adult Dose for Vitamin A (Vitopin) Deficiency

Initial dose: 100,000 Units intramuscularly once a day for 3 days

Maintenance dose: 50,000 Units intramuscularly once a day for 2 weeks

Use: Treatment of Vitamin A (Vitopin) deficiency when oral administration is not feasible or not available (e.g. anorexia, nausea, vomiting, pre- or post-operative conditions, "Malabsorption Syndrome" with accompanying steatorrhea)

Usual Adult Dose for Vitamin/Mineral Supplementation

US Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA):

Adult male: 900 mcg retinol activity equivalents (RAE) (3000 international units [IU])

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL): 3000 mcg RAE (10,000 IU)

Adult female: 700 mcg RAE (2330 IU)

UL: 3000 mcg RAE (10,000 IU)

Comments:

-The Vitamin A (Vitopin) RDA is given as mcg of retinol activity equivalents (RAE) to account for the different bioactivities of retinol and provitamin A carotenoids.

-The body converts all dietary Vitamin A (Vitopin) into retinol; 2 mcg of beta-carotene from dietary supplements is converted to 1 mcg of retinol.

-The tolerable upper intake level is the maximum daily intake that is unlikely to have adverse health effects.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Vitamin A (Vitopin) Deficiency

Infants (under 1 year): 7500 to 15,000 Units intramuscularly once a day

Duration of therapy: 10 days

1 to 8 years: 17,500 to 35,000 Units intramuscularly once a day

Duration of therapy: 10 days

Adult dose:

Initial dose: 100,000 Units intramuscularly once a day for 3 days

Maintenance dose: 50,000 Units intramuscularly once a day for 2 weeks

Use: Treatment of Vitamin A (Vitopin) deficiency when oral administration is not feasible or not available (e.g. anorexia, nausea, vomiting, pre- or post-operative conditions, "Malabsorption Syndrome" with accompanying steatorrhea)

Usual Pediatric Dose for Vitamin/Mineral Supplementation

US Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA):

0 to 6 months: 400 mcg retinol activity equivalents (RAE) (1332 international units [IU])

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL): 600 mcg RAE (2000 IU)

7 to 12 months: 500 mcg RAE (1665 IU)

UL: 600 mcg RAE (2000 IU)

1 to 3 years: 300 mcg RAE (1000 IU)

UL: 900 mcg RAE (3000 IU)

4 to 8 years: 400 mcg RAE (1332 IU)

UL: 900 mcg RAE (3000 IU)

9 to 13 years: 600 mcg RAE (2000 IU)

UL: 1700 mcg RAE (5667 IU)

14 to 18 years, male: 900 mcg RAE (3000 IU)

UL: 2800 mcg RAE (9333 IU)

14 to 18 years, female: 700 mcg RAE (2330 IU)

UL: 2800 mcg RAE (9333 IU)

Comments:

-The Vitamin A (Vitopin) RDA is given as mcg of retinol activity equivalents (RAE) to account for the different bioactivities of retinol and provitamin A carotenoids.

-The body converts all dietary Vitamin A (Vitopin) into retinol; 2 mcg of beta-carotene from dietary supplements is converted to 1 mcg of retinol.

-The tolerable upper intake level is the maximum daily intake that is unlikely to have adverse health effects.

Renal Dose Adjustments

Data not available

Liver Dose Adjustments

Data not available

Dose Adjustments

US Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA):

Pregnancy:

14 to 18 years: 750 mcg retinol activity equivalents (RAE) (2500 international units [IU])

UL: 2800 mcg RAE (9333 IU)

18 to 50 years: 770 mcg RAE (2564 IU)

UL: 3000 mcg RAE (10,000 IU)

Lactation:

14 to 18 years: 1200 mcg RAE (2564 IU)

UL: 2800 mcg RAE (9333 IU)

18 to 50 years: 1300 mcg RAE (4329 IU)

UL: 3000 mcg RAE (10,000 IU)

Comments:

-The Vitamin A (Vitopin) RDA is given as mcg of retinol activity equivalents (RAE) to account for the different bioactivities of retinol and provitamin A carotenoids.

-The body converts all dietary Vitamin A (Vitopin) into retinol; 2 mcg of beta-carotene from dietary supplements is converted to 1 mcg of retinol.

-The tolerable upper intake level is the maximum daily intake that is unlikely to have adverse health effects.

Precautions

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

-Administration of the intramuscular formulation intravenously

-Hypervitaminosis A

-Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients

-The safety of doses exceeding 6000 units Vitamin A (Vitopin) in pregnancy has not been established. Use of high doses in pregnancy or patients who may become pregnant is contraindicated. Doses above the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) may cause fetal harm; fetal abnormalities (central nervous system, eye, and palate malformations) were seen in animal overdose models. If patients become pregnant, apprise them of potential fetal harms.

Consult WARNINGS section for additional precautions.

Dialysis

Data not available

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

Medical Disclaimer

This medication administered orally, IM, IV, intravaginally.

For the prevention of deficiency conditions Vitamin C (Vitopin) dose is 25-75 mg / day, for the treatment - 250 mg / day or more in divided doses.

For intravaginal used ascorbic acid drugs in appropriate dosage forms.

Usually prescribed to 100-300 mg / day. If necessary the dose may be increased to 1 g / day.

Dosage Forms

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product

Capsule,

Oral [preservative free]:

Zn-50: 50 mg [dye free, sugar free, yeast free]

Gum,

Oral:

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea [DSC]) [bubble-gum flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (20 ea [DSC]) [cinnamon flavor]

Lozenge, Mouth/Throat:

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (6 ea [DSC])

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea [DSC]) [cherry flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea [DSC]) [citrus flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea [DSC]) [honey-lemon flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea [DSC]) [menthol flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea [DSC]) [tropical fruit flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (2 ea, 10 ea, 18 ea, 24 ea) [gluten free; cherry flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea, 24 ea) [gluten free; honey-lemon flavor]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin): 13.3 mg (18 ea) [gluten free; tropical orange flavor]

Generic: 10 mg (100 ea)

Lozenge, Mouth/Throat [preservative free]:

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) Sugar Free: 13.3 mg (18 ea) [gluten free, no artificial color(s), sugar free]

Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) Sugar Free: 13.3 mg (18 ea, 24 ea) [gluten free, no artificial color(s), sugar free; cherry flavor]

Tablet,

Oral:

Generic: 15 mg, 30 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg

Tablet,

Oral [preservative free]:

Generic: 50 mg [DSC]

Dosing: Adult

Common cold: Note: For best results, begin therapy 24 to 48 hours prior to symptom onset:

Oral: Dissolve one 13.3 mg lozenge in mouth every 2 to 4 hours as needed. Maximum: 6 lozenges daily.

Dietary supplement:

Oral: One capsule/tablet daily or as directed by health care provider.

Dosing: Geriatric

Refer to adult dosing.

Dosing: Pediatric

Common cold: Note: Consult product-specific labeling for manufacturer-recommended ages. For best results, begin therapy 24 to 48 hours prior to symptom onset: Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) Lozenge: Children ≥12 years and Adolescents:

Oral topical: Dissolve one lozenge in mouth every 2 to 4 hours as needed. Age-dependent maximum daily dose: 12 to 17 years: 4 lozenges/day; ≥18 years: 6 lozenges/day.

Zinc deficiency, treatment: Limited data available: Note: Dosage expressed in terms of elemental zinc (Kliegman 2016)

Acquired: Infants, Children, and Adolescents:

Oral: 0.5 to 1 mg/kg/day

Acrodermatitis enteropathica:Infants, Children, and Adolescents:

Oral: 3 mg/kg/day

Most Significant

Lactating Mother, Pregnancy, Prostatic Carcinoma, Selenium Toxicity, Wilson’s Disease

Possibly Significant

Vitamin K Deficiency Induced Hypoprothrombinemia

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Potassium iodide (Vitopin)?

Hypersensitivity to iodide, iodine, or any component of the formulation; dermatitis herpetiformis; hypocomplementemic vasculitis, nodular thyroid condition with heart disease

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin)?

Contraindications for Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin))

Vitamin B6 is contraindicated in those hypersensitive to any component of a vitamin B6-containing product.

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Riboflavin (Vitopin)?

None well documented.

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Selenium (Vitopin)?

Selenium (Vitopin) Injection should not be given undiluted by direct injection into a peripheral vein because of the potential for infusion phlebitis.

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin)?

A history of sensitivity to Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) or to any of the ingredients in this drug is a contraindication.

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Vitamin A (Vitopin)?

The intravenous administration. Hypervitaminosis A. Sensitivity to any of the ingredients in this preparation. Use in Pregnancy: Safety of amounts exceeding 6,000 Units of Vitamin A (Vitopin) daily during pregnancy has not been established at this time. The use of Vitamin A (Vitopin) in excess of the recommended dietary allowance may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Animal reproduction studies have shown fetal abnormalities associated with overdosage in several species. Malformations of the central nervous system, the eye, the palate, and the urogenital tract are recorded. Vitamin A (Vitopin) in excess of the recommended dietary allowance is contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant. If Vitamin A (Vitopin) is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking Vitamin A (Vitopin), the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.

AV-block II and III degree, sinoatrial block, SSS, bradycardia (HR < 40 bpm), hypotension (in case of myocardial infarction, systolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg), cardiogenic shock, congestive heart failure IIB-III stages, acute heart failure, Prinzmetal's angina, lactation, concomitant use of MAO inhibitors, hypersensitivity to atenolol.

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Vitamin E acetate (Vitopin)?

Increased sensitivity to tocopherol.

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Zinc gluconate (Vitopin)?

In clinical studies and bibliography, not known to date.

- Excipients with known effects:

. Wheat starch: hypersensitivity or intolerance to gluten (celiac disease).

. Lactose-cons in individuals suffering from galactosemia or malabsorption of glucose / galactose or lactase deficiency.

- Do not use in combination with tetracyclines because of the risk of chelation in the gut with reduced intestinal absorption.

- For the same reasons, we avoid the association with the following medications:

. dressings gastric alkaline

. medication with calcium or iron.

- Due to interference on the intestinal absorption, foods high in phytic acid will be excluded from the next meal making Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) (eg wholemeal bread, soy beans, corn kernels).

Use Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• An extra patient leaflet is available with Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution. Talk to your pharmacist if you have questions about this information.
• Take Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution by mouth with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take with food to reduce stomach irritation.
• Use the dropper that comes with Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution to measure your dose. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.
• If you are instructed to take more than 1 dose of Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution, do NOT take it sooner than 24 hours after the last dose of Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution. Do NOT take more than 1 dose per day.
• If you miss a dose of Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution, take it as soon as possible. If you are instructed to take more than 1 dose of Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution and it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do NOT take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Potassium iodide (Vitopin) solution.

Use Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin b6) as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin b6) is usually administered as an injection at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you are using Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin b6) at home, carefully follow the injection procedures taught to you by your health care provider.
• If Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin b6) contains particles or is discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged in any way, do not use it.
• Keep this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and away from pets. Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Dispose of properly after use. Ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain local regulations for proper disposal.
• If you miss a dose of Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin b6) and you are taking it regularly, take it as soon as possible. If several hours have passed or if it is nearing time for the next dose, do not double the dose to catch up, unless advised by your health care provider. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin b6).

A surgeon or other healthcare provider will give you this medicine as part of your corneal collagen crosslinking procedure.

You will be given numbing eyedrops to prepare you for the procedure. You may also be given a sedative or anesthesia to help you relax. Although you will most likely be awake during the procedure, you should feel little or no discomfort. A special device will be placed around your eyelids to keep them open during the procedure.

Your eye surgeon will place Riboflavin (Vitopin) ophthalmic drops into your eyes about every 2 minutes during the procedure.

After the procedure, the surgeon will place a contact lens on the treated eye to protect it for a short time.

Call your doctor right away if the contact lens falls out or feels like it is out of place inside your eye.

You may also need to use antibiotic or steroid eyedrops to prevent infection and reduce swelling after your procedure. Carefully follow all after-care instructions and do not miss any follow-up appointments.

Use Selenium (Vitopin) lotion as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Shake well before each use.
• Remove jewelry before using Selenium (Vitopin) lotion.
• Do not use on broken or inflamed skin or scalp.
• To use Selenium (Vitopin) lotion on the scalp - Massage 1 or 2 teaspoonfuls of the medicine on the wet scalp. Leave on the scalp for 2 to 3 minutes. Rinse scalp thoroughly. Wash hands well after treatment. If you are using Selenium (Vitopin) lotion before or after bleaching, tinting, or permanent waving of hair, rinse hair for at least 5 minutes in cool running water.
• To use Selenium (Vitopin) lotion on the skin - Apply a sufficient amount to cover affected areas of the body. Lather well with a small amount of water. Leave the medicine on the skin for 10 minutes. Rinse thoroughly in the shower. Wash hands well after treatment.
• If you miss a dose of Selenium (Vitopin) lotion, use it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not use 2 doses at once

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Selenium (Vitopin) lotion.

Use Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is usually given as an injection at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you will be using Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Be sure you understand how to use Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin). Follow the procedures you are taught when you use a dose. Contact your health care provider if you have any questions.
• Do not use Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) if it contains particles, is cloudy or discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged.
• Keep this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and away from pets. Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Ask your health care provider how to dispose of these materials after use. Follow all local rules for disposal.
• If you miss a dose of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin), contact your doctor to find out what to do.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin).

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) is used to loosen and break up mucus in the airways. This helps you cough up the mucus so you can breathe more easily if you have long-term lung problems (e.g., asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema). This medication is known as an expectorant.

Potassium iodide (Vitopin) is also used along with antithyroid medicines to prepare the thyroid gland for surgical removal, to treat certain overactive thyroid conditions (hyperthyroidism), and to protect the thyroid in a radiation exposure emergency. It works by shrinking the size of the thyroid gland and decreasing the amount of thyroid hormones produced.

In a radiation emergency, Potassium iodide (Vitopin) blocks only the thyroid from absorbing radioactive iodine, protecting it from damage and reducing the risk of thyroid cancer. Use this medication along with other emergency measures that will be recommended to you by public health and safety officials (e.g., finding safe shelter, evacuation, controlling food supply).

OTHER USES: This section contains uses of this drug that are not listed in the approved professional labeling for the drug but that may be prescribed by your health care professional. Use this drug for a condition that is listed in this section only if it has been so prescribed by your health care professional.

This drug may also be used to treat a certain type of fungal skin infection (sporotrichosis).

How to use Potassium iodide (Vitopin)

Take this medication by mouth with a full glass of water (8 ounces or 240 milliliters) as directed by your doctor or public health and safety officials. To avoid stomach upset, take after meals or with food. Drink plenty of liquids with this medication unless otherwise directed. If you are taking the tablets, do not lie down for 10 minutes after taking this medication. If you are using the drops or liquid medication, use the dropper that comes with the bottle or a medication spoon/device to measure the correct dose. Liquid forms of this product may be mixed in water, milk, formula, or juice before taking. Do not use this medication if the solution turns brownish-yellow.

Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to therapy. In children, dosage is also based on age. Do not increase your dose, take it more often, or take it for longer than prescribed or recommended because of the increased risk of side effects.

In a radiation emergency, take this drug only when public health and safety officials tell you to do so. Read the Patient Information Leaflet that comes with the medication. Start treatment as soon as possible for the best protection. Take this medication usually once every 24 hours. The length of treatment will be determined by public health and safety officials and depends on several factors (e.g., whether you continue to be exposed to the radiation, and whether you are pregnant, breast-feeding, or have a newborn baby). See also Precautions.

If so directed, use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.

Inform your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.

Use: Labeled Indications

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) deficiency: Treatment and prevention of Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) (vitamin B) deficiency.

Off Label Uses

Ethylene glycol poisoning

The American Academy of Clinical Toxicology guidelines recognize the lack of human clinical data for this use and consider Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) as an adjunctive cofactor therapy in ethylene glycol poisoning without a formal or evidence-based recommendation, especially in patients who may have vitamin deficiencies (eg, patients with alcoholism). Additional data may be necessary to further define the role of Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) in this condition.

Peripheral neuropathy associated with isoniazid therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (prevention)

Based on the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents, Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin) is effective and recommended in the prevention of peripheral neuropathy associated with isoniazid therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Riboflavin (Vitopin) (Riboflavin (Vitopin)) supplementation is used to prevent and treat Riboflavin (Vitopin) deficiency. Riboflavin (Vitopin) may prevent migraine headaches at high doses and be useful for prevention of eye conditions such as cataract, glaucoma and tired eyes (fatigue). Riboflavin (Vitopin) is also used for boosting of immune system, and maintenance of healthy hair, skin, nails and mucous membranes.

Selenium (Vitopin) is used as a dietary supplement mainly in the treatment of Selenium (Vitopin) deficiency affecting young women and children with Keshan disease. It is also used for treatment of osteoarthiritis associated with poor Selenium (Vitopin) levels in body called Kashin-Beck Disease. Selenium (Vitopin) supplements are also used in patients with HIV/ AIDS to maintain the adequate Selenium (Vitopin) levels.

Use: Labeled Indications

Treatment of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) deficiency (including Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) deficiency in pregnancy associated with neuropathy), beriberi (dry or wet variety), Wernicke encephalopathy, infantile beriberi with acute collapse, cardiovascular disease due to Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) deficiency, or when giving IV dextrose to individuals with marginal Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) status to avoid precipitation of heart failure; dietary supplement.

Off Label Uses

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (adjunct)

Data from a limited number of patients studied suggest that Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) may be beneficial as an adjunct in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome to prevent Wernicke encephalopathy.

Vitamin A (Vitopin) is used to prevent or treat low levels of the vitamin in people who do not get enough of it from their diets. Most people who eat a normal diet do not need extra Vitamin A (Vitopin). However, some conditions (such as protein deficiency, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, liver/pancreas problems) can cause low levels of Vitamin A (Vitopin). Vitamin A (Vitopin) plays an important role in the body. It is needed for growth and bone development and to maintain the health of the skin and eyesight. Low levels of Vitamin A (Vitopin) may cause vision problems (such as night blindness) and permanent eye damage.

How to use Vitamin A (Vitopin)

Take this vitamin by mouth with or without food, usually once daily. Follow all directions on the product package, or take as directed by your doctor. If you are uncertain about any of the information, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.

Dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to treatment.

Use this vitamin regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day. Do not increase your dose or use this vitamin more often than recommended. Your condition will not improve any faster, and your risk of side effects will increase.

Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens. If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C (Vitopin)) is used to prevent or treat low levels of Vitamin C (Vitopin) in people who do not get enough of the vitamin from their diets. Most people who eat a normal diet do not need extra ascorbic acid. Low levels of Vitamin C (Vitopin) can result in a condition called scurvy. Scurvy may cause symptoms such as rash, muscle weakness, joint pain, tiredness, or tooth loss.

Vitamin C (Vitopin) plays an important role in the body. It is needed to maintain the health of skin, cartilage, teeth, bone, and blood vessels. It is also used to protect your body's cells from damage. It is known as an antioxidant.

OTHER USES: This section contains uses of this drug that are not listed in the approved professional labeling for the drug but that may be prescribed by your health care professional. Use this drug for a condition that is listed in this section only if it has been so prescribed by your health care professional.

This vitamin may also be used with other vitamins for a certain eye condition (macular degeneration).

How to use Vitamin C (Vitopin)

Take this vitamin by mouth with or without food, usually 1 to 2 times daily. Follow all directions on the product package, or take as directed by your doctor.

If you are taking the extended-release capsules, swallow them whole. Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects. Also, do not split extended-release tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing. Take this product with a full glass of water (8 ounces/240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise.

If you are taking the wafers or chewable tablets, chew them thoroughly and then swallow. If you are taking the lozenges, place the lozenge in your mouth and allow it to slowly dissolve.

If you are taking the powder, mix it thoroughly in the proper amount of liquid and stir well. Drink all of the liquid right away. Do not prepare a supply for future use. If you are using the liquid form of this vitamin, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.

Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.

Use this vitamin regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.

If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.

This medication is used as a moisturizer to treat or prevent dry, rough, scaly, itchy skin and minor skin irritations (e.g., diaper rash, skin burns from radiation therapy). Emollients are substances that soften and moisturize the skin and decrease itching and flaking. Some products (e.g., zinc oxide, white petrolatum) are used mostly to protect the skin against irritation (e.g., from wetness).

Dry skin is caused by a loss of water in the upper layer of the skin. Emollients/moisturizers work by forming an oily layer on the top of the skin that traps water in the skin. Petrolatum, lanolin, mineral oil and dimethicone are common emollients. Humectants, including glycerin, lecithin, and propylene glycol, draw water into the outer layer of skin. Many products also have ingredients that soften the horny substance (keratin) that holds the top layer of skin cells together (e.g., urea, alpha hydroxy acids such as lactic/citric/glycolic acid, and allantoin). This helps the dead skin cells fall off, helps the skin keep in more water, and leaves the skin feeling smoother and softer.

How to use Vitamin E acetate (Vitopin) topical

Use this product as directed. Some products require priming before use. Follow all directions on the product package. If you are uncertain about any of the information, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Some products need to be shaken before use. Check the label to see if you should shake the bottle well before using. Apply to the affected areas of the skin as needed or as directed on the label or by your doctor. How often you apply the medication will depend on the product and your skin condition. To treat dry hands, you may need to use the product every time you wash your hands, applying it throughout the day.

If you are using this product to help treat diaper rash, clean the diaper area well before use and allow the area to dry before applying the product.

If you are using this product to help treat radiation skin burns, check with radiation personnel to see if your brand can be applied before radiation therapy.

Follow all the directions on the label for proper use. Apply to the skin only. Avoid sensitive areas such as your eyes, inside your mouth/nose, and the vaginal/groin area, unless the label or your doctor directs you otherwise. Check the label for directions about any areas or types of skin where you should not apply the product (e.g., on the face, any areas of broken/chapped/cut/irritated/scraped skin, or on a recently shaved area of the skin). Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details.

Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. Most moisturizers need water to work well. Apply the product after bathing/showering while the skin is still damp. For very dry skin, your doctor may instruct you to soak the area before using the product. Long, hot, or frequent bathing/washing can worsen dry skin.

If your condition persists or worsens, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.

Use: Labeled Indications

Common cold: To reduce the duration and severity of symptoms associated with the common cold.

Dietary supplement: For use as a dietary supplement.

ALPHA TOCOPHERYL/SELECTED ANTICOAGULANTS - Increased effect of the latter drug

DI-TRIVALENT CATIONS/TETRACYCLINES - Decreased effect of the latter drug

Moderate Interaction:

Assess the risk to the patient and take action as needed.

POLYVALENT CATIONS/ELTROMBOPAG - Decreased effect of the latter drug

SELECTED MINERALS/ORAL IRON SUPPLEMENTS - Decreased effect of the latter drug

DI-; TRIVALENT CATIONS/CHLOROQUINE; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE - Decreased effect of the former drug

ORAL MULTIVALENT CATIONS/ORAL BISPHOSPHONATES - Decreased effect of the latter drug

FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS/ORLISTAT - Decreased effect of the former drug

ORAL ZINC PRODUCTS/SELECTED ORAL QUINOLONES - Decreased effect of the latter drug

See also:
What other drugs will affect Potassium iodide (Vitopin)?

Your doctor or pharmacist may already be aware of any possible drug interactions and may be monitoring you for them. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your doctor or pharmacist first.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and nonprescription/herbal products you may use, especially of: ACE inhibitors (e.g., captopril, lisinopril), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs such as losartan, valsartan), certain "water pills" (potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride, spironolactone, triamterene), drospirenone, eplerenone, lithium, potassium-containing drugs (e.g., supplements such as potassium chloride).

This document does not contain all possible interactions. Therefore, before using this product, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the products you use. Keep a list of all your medications with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist.

See also:
What other drugs will affect Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin)?

Cycloserine, isoniazid, hydralazine, oral contraceptives, penicillamine

Increased need for Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin).

Levodopa

Decreased effect of levodopa. (Interaction does not occur with levodopa/carbidopa in combination with Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin).)

Phenytoin

Phenytoin serum levels may be decreased.

Incompatibility

Incompatible with alkaline solutions, iron salts and oxidizing agents (parenteral).

Laboratory Test Interactions

May result in false-positive urobilinogen in the spot test using Ehrlich reagent.

See also:
What other drugs will affect Riboflavin (Vitopin)?

Interactions for Riboflavin (Vitopin) (Riboflavin (Vitopin))

Alcohol - impairs the intestinal absorption of riboflavi

Antidepressants (tricyclics or phenothiazines) - requirements for Riboflavin (Vitopin) may be increased in patients receiving these medications

Probenecid - concurrent use decreases gastrointestinal absorption of Riboflavin (Vitopin); requirements for Riboflavin (Vitopin) may be increased in patients receiving probenecid.

See also:
What other drugs will affect Selenium (Vitopin)?

Baloxavir Marboxil: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Baloxavir Marboxil. Avoid combination

Bictegravir: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Bictegravir. Management: Administer bictegravir under fasting conditions at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after polyvalent cation containing products. Coadministration of bictegravir with or 2 hours after most polyvalent cation products is not recommended. Consider therapy modification

Bisphosphonate Derivatives: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Bisphosphonate Derivatives. Management: Avoid administration of oral medications containing polyvalent cations within: 2 hours before or after tiludronate/clodronate/etidronate; 60 minutes after oral ibandronate; or 30 minutes after alendronate/risedronate. Exceptions: Pamidronate; Zoledronic Acid. Consider therapy modification

Deferiprone: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Deferiprone. Management: Separate administration of deferiprone and oral medications or supplements that contain polyvalent cations by at least 4 hours. Consider therapy modification

Dolutegravir: Selenium (Vitopin) may decrease the serum concentration of Dolutegravir. Management: Administer dolutegravir at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after oral Selenium (Vitopin). Administer the dolutegravir/rilpivirine combination product at least 4 hours before or 6 hours after oral Selenium (Vitopin). Consider therapy modification

Eltrombopag: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Eltrombopag. Management: Administer eltrombopag at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after oral administration of any polyvalent cation containing product. Consider therapy modification

Elvitegravir: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Elvitegravir. Management: Administer elvitegravir 2 hours before or 6 hours after the administration of polyvalent cation containing products. Consider therapy modification

PenicillAMINE: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of PenicillAMINE. Management: Separate the administration of penicillamine and oral polyvalent cation containing products by at least 1 hour. Consider therapy modification

Raltegravir: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Raltegravir. Management: Administer raltegravir 2 hours before or 6 hours after administration of the polyvalent cations. Dose separation may not adequately minimize the significance of this interaction. Consider therapy modification

Trientine: Polyvalent Cation Containing Products may decrease the serum concentration of Trientine. Management: Avoid concomitant administration of trientine and oral products that contain polyvalent cations. If oral iron supplements are required, separate the administration by 2 hours. If other oral polyvalent cations are needed, separate administration by 1 hour. Consider therapy modification

See also:
What other drugs will affect Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin)?

With the simultaneous use with inducers of microsomal liver enzymes, means having hepatotoxic effect, increasing the risk of hepatotoxic action of paracetamol.

With the simultaneous use of anticoagulants may be slight to moderate increase in prothrombin time.

With the simultaneous use of anticholinergics may decrease absorption of paracetamol.

With the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives accelerated excretion of paracetamol from the body and may reduce its analgesic action.

With the simultaneous use with urological means reduced their effectiveness.

With the simultaneous use of activated charcoal reduced bioavailability of paracetamol.

When Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) applied simultaneously with diazepam may decrease excretion of diazepam.

There have been reports about the possibility of enhancing mielodepression effect of zidovudine while applying with paracetamol. A case of severe toxic liver injury.

Described cases of toxic effects of paracetamol, while the use of isoniazid.

When applied simultaneously with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidonom decreases the effectiveness of paracetamol, which is caused by an increase in its metabolism and excretion from the body. Cases of hepatotoxicity, while the use of paracetamol and phenobarbital.

In applying cholestyramine a period of less than 1 h after administration of paracetamol may decrease of its absorption.

At simultaneous application with lamotrigine moderately increased excretion of lamotrigine from the body.

With the simultaneous use of metoclopramide may increase absorption of paracetamol and its increased concentration in blood plasma.

When applied simultaneously with probenecid may decrease clearance of paracetamol, with rifampicin, sulfinpyrazone - may increase clearance of paracetamol due to increasing its metabolism in the liver.

At simultaneous application of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) with ethinylestradiol increases absorption of paracetamol from the gut.

Enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants (coumarin derivatives and indandione). Antipyretic and analgesic activity of caffeine increases, reduce - rifampicin, phenobarbital and alcohol (accelerated biotransformation, inducing microsomal liver enzymes).

See also:
What other drugs will affect Vitamin A (Vitopin)?

The effects of some drugs can change if you take other drugs or herbal products at the same time. This can increase your risk for serious side effects or may cause your medications not to work correctly. These drug interactions are possible, but do not always occur. Your doctor or pharmacist can often prevent or manage interactions by changing how you use your medications or by close monitoring.

To help your doctor and pharmacist give you the best care, be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products) before starting treatment with this product. While using this product, do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any other medicines you are using without your doctor's approval.

Some products that may interact with this vitamin include: acitretin, alitretinoin, bexarotene, cholestyramine, isotretinoin, tretinoin, other products that contain Vitamin A (Vitopin) (such as multivitamins), warfarin.

Avoid taking Vitamin A (Vitopin) at the same time as you take neomycin, orlistat, and mineral oil. If you take any of these medications, separate your doses from your dose of Vitamin A (Vitopin) by at least 2 hours.

This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use. Share this list with your doctor and pharmacist to lessen your risk for serious medication problems.

In an application with barbiturates, primidone increases the excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine.

With the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives reduces the concentration of ascorbic acid in blood plasma.

In an application of Vitamin C (Vitopin) with iron preparations ascorbic acid, due to its regenerative properties, transforms ferric iron in the bivalent, which improves its absorption.

Ascorbic acid in high doses can decrease urine pH that while the application reduces the tubular reabsorption of amphetamine and tricyclic antidepressants.

With the simultaneous use of aspirin reduces the absorption of ascorbic acid by about a third.

Vitamin C (Vitopin) in an application with warfarin may decrease effects of warfarin.

With the simultaneous application of ascorbic acid increases the excretion of iron in patients receiving deferoxamine. In the application of ascorbic acid at a dose of 500 mg / day possibly left ventricular dysfunction.

In an application with tetracycline is increased excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine.

There is a described case of reducing the concentration of fluphenazine in plasma in patients treated with ascorbic acid 500 mg 2 times / day.

May increase the concentration of ethinyl estradiol in the blood plasma in its simultaneous application in the oral contraceptives.

See also:
What other drugs will affect Vitamin E acetate (Vitopin)?

In an application with tocopherol may change the effects of warfarin and dicoumarol.

There are reports of reduced effectiveness of simultaneous treatment with iron for children.

With the simultaneous application of tocopherol with cyclosporine increased absorption of cyclosporine.

See also:
What other drugs will affect Zinc gluconate (Vitopin)?

Do not use in combination with tetracyclines because of the risk of chelation in the gut with reduced intestinal absorption.

- For the same reasons, we avoid the association with the following medications:

. dressings gastric alkaline

. medication with calcium or iron.

- Due to interference on the intestinal absorption, foods high in phytic acid will be excluded from the next meal making Zinc gluconate (Vitopin) (eg wholemeal bread, soy beans, corn kernels).

Rare:

Abdominal Pain with Cramps, Back Pain, Blurred Vision, Constipation, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Dysuria, Erectile Dysfunction, Fatigue, Headache Disorder, Hypertension, Libido Changes, Nausea, Urinary Retention

All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if you have any side effects that bother you or do not go away.

These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. You may also report side effects at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Potassium iodide (Vitopin)?

Applies to Potassium iodide (Vitopin): oral solution, oral syrup

In addition to its needed effects, some unwanted effects may be caused by Potassium iodide (Vitopin) (the active ingredient contained in Potassium iodide (Vitopin)). In the event that any of these side effects do occur, they may require medical attention.

Severity: Moderate

If any of the following side effects occur while taking Potassium iodide (Vitopin), check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:

Less common:

• Hives
• joint pain
• swelling of arms, face, legs, lips, tongue, and/or throat
• swelling of lymph glands

• Burning of mouth or throat
• confusion
• headache (severe)
• increased watering of mouth
• irregular heartbeat
• metallic taste
• numbness, tingling, pain or weakness in hands or feet
• soreness of teeth and gums
• sores on skin
• symptoms of head cold
• unusual tiredness
• weakness or heaviness of legs

Minor Side Effects

Some of the side effects that can occur with Potassium iodide (Vitopin) may not need medical attention. As your body adjusts to the medicine during treatment these side effects may go away. Your health care professional may also be able to tell you about ways to reduce or prevent some of these side effects. If any of the following side effects continue, are bothersome or if you have any questions about them, check with your health care professional:

Less common:

• Diarrhea
• nausea or vomiting
• stomach pain

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitopin)?

CNS

Neuropathy; unstable gait; drowsiness; somnolence.

EENT

Perioral numbness.

Miscellaneous

Numbness of feet; decreased sensation to touch, temperature or vibration; paresthesia; low serum folic acid levels; burning/stinging at IM injection site; photoallergic reaction; ataxia.

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Riboflavin (Vitopin)?

Adverse Reactions

Frequency not defined: Genitourinary: Urine discoloration (yellow-orange)

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Selenium (Vitopin)?

Applies to Selenium (Vitopin) sulfide topical: topical cream, topical foam, topical lotion, topical shampoo, topical suspension

As well as its needed effects, Selenium (Vitopin) sulfide topical may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.

Severity: Moderate

If any of the following side effects occur while taking Selenium (Vitopin) sulfide topical, check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:

Less common or rare:

• Skin irritation

Minor Side Effects

Some Selenium (Vitopin) sulfide topical side effects may not need any medical attention. As your body gets used to the medicine these side effects may disappear. Your health care professional may be able to help you prevent or reduce these side effects, but do check with them if any of the following side effects continue, or if you are concerned about them:

More common:

• Unusual dryness or oiliness of hair or scalp

• Increase in normal hair loss

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin)?

Applies to Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin): capsule, solution, tablet, tablet enteric coated

As well as its needed effects, Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin) may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.

Major Side Effects

If any of the following side effects occur while taking Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitopin), check with your doctor immediately:

Rare - Soon after receiving injection only

• Coughing
• difficulty in swallowing
• hives
• itching of skin
• swelling of face, lips, or eyelids
• wheezing or difficulty in breathing

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Vitamin A (Vitopin)?

This vitamin usually has no side effects when used in recommended doses. If you have any unusual effects, contact your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

A very serious allergic reaction to this vitamin is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US -

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Applies to ascorbic acid: oral capsule, oral capsule extended release, oral capsule liquid filled, oral granule, oral liquid, oral lozenge/troche, oral powder, oral powder for solution, oral powder for suspension, oral solution, oral syrup, oral tablet, oral tablet chewable, oral tablet extended release, oral wafer

As well as its needed effects, ascorbic acid (the active ingredient contained in Vitamin C (Vitopin)) may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.

Severity: Moderate

If any of the following side effects occur while taking ascorbic acid, check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:

Less common or rare: - with high doses

• Side or lower back pain

Minor Side Effects

Some ascorbic acid side effects may not need any medical attention. As your body gets used to the medicine these side effects may disappear. Your health care professional may be able to help you prevent or reduce these side effects, but do check with them if any of the following side effects continue, or if you are concerned about them:

Less common or rare: - with high doses

• Diarrhea
• dizziness or faintness (with the injection only)
• flushing or redness of skin
• headache
• increase in urination (mild)
• nausea or vomiting
• stomach cramps

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Vitamin E acetate (Vitopin)?

Applies to vitamin e: oral capsule, oral capsule liquid filled, oral liquid, oral powder for solution, oral solution, oral tablet, oral tablet chewable

In addition to its needed effects, some unwanted effects may be caused by vitamin e (the active ingredient contained in Vitamin E acetate (Vitopin)). In the event that any of these side effects do occur, they may require medical attention.

Severity: Moderate

If any of the following side effects occur while taking vitamin e, check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:

With doses greater than 400 Units a day and long-term use

• Blurred vision
• diarrhea
• dizziness
• headache
• nausea or stomach cramps
• unusual tiredness or weakness

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Zinc gluconate (Vitopin)?

Adverse Reactions

Frequency not defined; may vary with different salts. Adverse reactions reported with excess dietary zinc (IOM 2001).

Central nervous system: Headache

Endocrine & metabolic: Copper deficiency, decreased HDL cholesterol, decreased LDL cholesterol

Gastrointestinal: Abdominal cramps, decreased appetite, diarrhea, epigastric pain, gastrointestinal distress, nausea, vomiting

Hematologic & oncologic: Immunodeficiency