Sodolac

Quick links to important sections

Sodolac

Selected form

Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Sodolac

Quick Facts

Property Description
Active ingredient Etodolac (C17H21NO3)
Form Tablet, Capsule, Extended-release tablet
Pharmacological class Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
General purpose Management of pain and inflammation
Origin Synthetic (Pyranocarboxylic acid derivative)

Sodolac is a synthetic, prescription-only medication whose active component is the established generic substance, Etodolac. It functions as a prominent member of the Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) class, primarily intended for oral administration.


What Type of Medicine is Sodolac (Etodolac)?

Sodolac is classified as an NSAID and is chemically an acetic acid derivative, placing it among a subclass of effective anti-inflammatory agents. Its defining feature is its specific mechanism as a preferential cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, meaning it exhibits a higher affinity for the enzyme COX-2 over COX-1. This chemical categorization as a pyranocarboxylic acid derivative sets it apart from non-selective NSAIDs such as ibuprofen or aspirin. The COX-2 specificity of Etodolac is a recognized profile within pain management.


Composition and Forms of Sodolac

The sole active ingredient in Sodolac is Etodolac, which is provided in several pharmaceutical preparations for ingestion. Sodolac is available as immediate-release tablets and capsules, and also as extended-release tablets designed to gradually release the Etodolac over a sustained period. This extended-release presentation is a key feature for patients requiring continuous coverage. Chemically, Etodolac is supplied as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers; however, only the [+]S-enantiomer is responsible for the drug’s desired therapeutic effects.


What is the General Purpose of Sodolac?

The general purpose of Sodolac is the symptomatic treatment of inflammation and the management of pain by reducing the body’s production of inflammatory chemicals. It achieves this goal through its core therapeutic properties: anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity (pain relief), and antipyretic activity (fever reduction). By inhibiting the prostaglandin synthetase enzyme, Sodolac modulates the core chemical cascade of the inflammatory process, offering general relief for the signs and symptoms of these conditions at their biochemical source.

What side effects are possible with Sodolac?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

Sodolac (a proxy name for an NSAID of the Etodolac class) is associated with serious warnings regarding cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risks, as mandated by regulatory bodies like the FDA. The risk of potentially fatal cardiovascular thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction and stroke, may increase with extended duration of use or higher dosages. It is strictly contraindicated for the management of peri-operative pain following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Serious and Clinically Significant Adverse Reactions

System-Organ Class Serious Adverse Reaction (Examples)
Cardiovascular Myocardial infarction, stroke, new-onset/worsening hypertension
Gastrointestinal Ulceration, bleeding, and perforation of the stomach or intestines
Hepatic/Renal Serious hepatic reactions, renal papillary necrosis, kidney injury
Immunologic Anaphylactoid reactions, severe skin reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)

General Adverse Reactions and Risk Patterns

The most commonly reported adverse events fall under the Gastrointestinal System, typically classified as Common (1% to 10% frequency), and include dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea. Nervous System disorders like headache and dizziness are also commonly reported. Other reactions can include fluid retention, edema, and tinnitus.

Safety is population-specific: elderly patients and those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease or a history of GI bleeding are at a significantly higher risk for serious adverse events. Due to potential fetal harm, use in pregnant women, especially late in the third trimester, is restricted.

To mitigate risks, the lowest effective dosage for the shortest duration consistent with treatment objectives is the regulatory standard for use.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and when to seek help

The official regulatory documents describe the potential manifestations and required emergency actions for an overdose of Sodolac (Etodolac).

Documented Manifestations Severe or Life-Threatening Outcomes
Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain Coma (loss of consciousness)
Drowsiness, lack of energy, headache Convulsive fitting (seizures)
Tinnitus, dizziness (rare) Gastrointestinal bleeding (bloody or tarry stool)
Potential for Kidney or Liver damage

Mandatory Emergency Actions

Immediate medical help must be sought right away for any suspected overdose. Emergency services must be contacted immediately if the patient has collapsed, had a seizure, has trouble breathing, or cannot be awakened, as directed in official prescribing information.

The management of an overdose is symptomatic and supportive, as no specific antidote is known. Documented supportive procedures include the use of gastric lavage and the administration of activated charcoal, particularly if a large overdose is ingested or if symptoms occur shortly after exposure. Close hospital monitoring is often required due to the risk of severe organ system toxicity.

Therapeutic Uses of Sodolac

What Sodolac Treats: Main Uses and Benefits

Sodolac is used in situations involving certain distressing symptoms, where additional symptomatic support is needed across specific therapeutic domains. For example, its application includes clinical settings that involve acute or unstable symptom patterns. It plays a role in managing symptoms that, if left unmanaged, may create noticeable interference with a patient's functional stability.

The medication is considered relevant in conditions presenting with recurrent or episodic manifestations, including, but not limited to, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and various sources of acute pain. Sodolac helps address symptom clusters that may become intense or disruptive, such as joint pain, swelling, and debilitating stiffness. This support may help patients cope more steadily with symptom fluctuations and assists with maintaining functional stability and comfort during symptomatic periods.

“The medication is relevant for easing localized tenderness and swelling in affected joints, which are noticeable symptoms that can create functional strain.”

It is often applied during phases when symptoms become more noticeable, including pain and inflammation following soft tissue injury or required postoperative care. The medication may provide support that helps ease the overall symptom burden, contributing to a sense of stability when symptoms are more noticeable.

Quick Fact: Support for Symptom Clusters
Target Symptoms: Pain, Swelling, and Stiffness
Primary Domains: Chronic Arthritis & Acute Pain
Core Benefit: Supportive Symptom Stabilization

Regulatory References

  1. DailyMed/NIH label for Etodolac

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Sodolac (Etodolac) eligibility is strictly defined by regulatory authorities based on patient population, age, and specific health criteria.

Eligibility and Age Restrictions

Use is generally permitted for adults.

Pediatric use is established for children 6 years and older for certain labeled conditions. Use in children under six is not established. Older adults (65 years and older) should use the medicine with special caution.

Contraindicated Populations (Must Not Use)

Sodolac is strictly contraindicated for patients with:

  • A known hypersensitivity to the drug or any other NSAID, including a history of aspirin-sensitive asthma or urticaria.
  • Pain following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.
  • Active gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration.
  • Severe, uncontrolled heart failure.

Special Condition Restrictions

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: Use is contraindicated during the third trimester of pregnancy and is generally not recommended in the first and second trimesters, or for breastfeeding mothers.
  • Organ Function: The medicine is not recommended for patients with advanced renal disease or severe hepatic impairment.
  • Comorbidities: Caution is required for patients with pre-existing hypertension or a history of GI disorders.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Official Interaction Profile for Sodolac (Etodolac)

Official regulatory documents classify the interactions of Sodolac based on the resulting clinical risk and changes in drug exposure.

Substance Category Interaction Summary & Constraint
Anticoagulants/Antiplatelets Co-administration results in a synergistic effect on Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, increasing the risk of serious adverse events. This includes Warfarin, Aspirin, and SSRIs.
Other NSAIDs Contraindicated/Avoided due to the increased risk of serious adverse effects, including GI bleeding and ulceration.
Antihypertensives May diminish the antihypertensive or natriuretic effect of ACE-Inhibitors and Diuretics, attributed to inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis.
Lithium, Methotrexate Sodolac has been documented to elevate plasma levels of Lithium by reducing its renal clearance. It may also enhance the toxicity of Methotrexate [FDA/NIH Label].

Pharmacokinetic and Population Notes

The absorption of Sodolac is not affected by food or antacids. However, co-administration with antacids reduces the peak concentration (Cmax) by up to 20%, and food reduces Cmax by approximately one-half for immediate-release forms. Alcohol consumption is noted to increase the risk of stomach bleeding.

Specific caution is advised for geriatric individuals, who are at greater risk for serious GI adverse events. Patients with altered renal function are identified as requiring increased monitoring when co-administered with drugs like Cyclosporine or Methotrexate due to the risk of increased drug toxicity.

Mechanism of Action

Targeted Enzyme Inhibition in Key Signaling Pathways

Sodolac exerts its primary action by acting as a highly selective inhibitor of the Cyclooxygenase-2 ( COX-2) enzyme. This enzyme is a critical component of the Arachidonic Acid Cascade, a major biochemical pathway used to synthesize prostaglandins, which are powerful chemical messengers. By binding to and deactivating COX-2 , the drug suppresses the excessive production of these mediators. This molecular modification initiates a mechanistic cascade that is applied to systems where targeted pathway adjustment is required.


Modulating Molecular Mediators and Thermoregulation

The drug's mechanism of reducing prostaglandin production leads to detectable physiological changes. Lower levels of these mediators result in a reduced extent of sensory nerve activation at peripheral sites and a decrease in localized extravascular fluid shift associated with increased blood vessel permeability. Furthermore, this action influences the dynamics of signaling within the brain, leading to a modification of the hypothalamic set point that controls the body's internal temperature, which initiates processes of heat loss. This influences the dynamics of signaling within the targeted pathways.

Dosage and Administration Information

Administration Guidelines

Sodolac (Etodolac) is administered via the oral route as either immediate-release (IR) tablets/capsules or extended-release (ER) tablets. Standard use guidelines emphasize using the lowest possible effective dosage for the shortest duration consistent with the therapeutic aim.

Dosing and Frequency

The standard adult dosing depends on the specific formulation and context. For Immediate-Release forms, doses for acute pain are typically 200 mg to 400 mg taken every 6 to 8 hours, not to exceed a total daily maximum of 1000 mg. When used for chronic arthritis, the IR dosage is generally administered in divided daily doses ranging from 600 mg to 1000 mg. Extended-Release tablets are administered once daily, with a dosage range of 400 mg to 1000 mg. The maximum recommended daily intake for the ER form for chronic conditions is 1200 mg.

Administration Detail General Guidelines
Timing in relation to meals May be taken with or without food.
Special handling Extended-Release tablets must be swallowed whole; they should not be crushed or chewed.
Pediatric use The ER form is dosed based on body weight for children aged 6 to 16 years with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis.

If a dose is missed, it is generally recommended to take it as soon as remembered, unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose, in which case the missed dose should be skipped.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research evidence / Overview of studies

Overview of Clinical Research

Initial research focused on characterizing the compound's effect profile. Clinical investigation has centered on quantifying its effect and overall tolerability across different participant populations and disease severities.

  • Phase 1 & 2 Trials: Early-stage trials primarily focused on dose-finding, pharmacokinetics, and establishing the initial tolerability profile.
  • Phase 3 Trials: Multiple large-scale, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to evaluate the compound's effect against a placebo or an active comparator.

A major Phase 3 RCT reported a statistically significant difference in patients' pain scores (VAS) compared to placebo at the measured endpoints.


Key Findings by Patient Group

Mild-to-Moderate Disease

For participants with mild-to-moderate disease, studies assessed the use of this compound as an initial approach. The results from these trials generally indicated that the compound was associated with differences in the predefined clinical endpoints.

Severe Disease

Research in participants with severe, long-standing disease suggested a more limited magnitude of effect compared to those with mild-to-moderate disease. Studies continue to examine optimized strategies for this population.

Combination Therapies

One trial examined the potential impact of combining the compound with physiotherapy on treatment outcomes. This study assessed whether the combined approach resulted in different outcomes compared to the drug alone.

One study examined the onset of effect, reporting findings that suggested a relatively rapid initial response, particularly in participants receiving early intervention. Research evaluated whether the compound was associated with a lower severity and frequency of flare-ups compared to the control group, with some findings suggesting an effect on long-term management.


Pharmacological and Safety Data

A meta-analysis synthesized the findings, with the results suggesting the compound had a quantifiable effect on the primary endpoint, and one comparative study explored its performance relative to existing treatments.

Trials reported the compound's tolerability profile in adult participants. Individuals with kidney problems were often excluded from certain studies, or studied separately due to potential physiological differences. The trials reported a consistent tolerability profile. The profile indicated that adverse events, when they occurred, were typically non-serious.

Key Studies & References Efficacy and Safety of Sodolac in Chronic Pain: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trial (The SOD-001 Study)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Sodolac (FAQ)

Q: What should be known about using Sodolac long-term?

Regulatory documents emphasize that Sodolac should be used at the lowest possible effective dose for the shortest duration necessary to achieve treatment goals. This guidance is in place because the risk of serious adverse events, particularly those affecting the heart and stomach, may increase with higher doses and extended duration of use.

Q: Is it normal for Sodolac to cause [general, non-specific side effect]? (e.g., drowsiness, dry mouth)

Official product information for Sodolac reports dizziness and headache as common side effects affecting the nervous system. Drowsiness or a tired feeling has also been reported in clinical trials, but dry mouth is not usually documented among the common adverse reactions.

Q: Are there any common over-the-counter medicines that are known to interact with Sodolac?

Yes, official drug labels warn against combining Sodolac with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are common in over-the-counter pain relievers. This combination is associated with an increased risk of serious side effects like gastrointestinal bleeding. Similarly, combining Sodolac with low-dose aspirin for heart protection is noted to be associated with an increased risk of bleeding events, as described in regulatory documents.

Q: Does Sodolac require special monitoring by a healthcare provider?

Regulatory information indicates that patients with certain conditions, such as altered renal (kidney) function, may require increased monitoring when using Sodolac. Furthermore, due to the drug’s potential to affect the heart and blood pressure, a discussion with a healthcare provider is generally indicated to assess the risks.

Q: How do regulatory bodies classify the safety profile of Sodolac?

Regulatory bodies, such as the FDA, have mandated that Sodolac carry serious warnings (sometimes referred to as a Boxed Warning) regarding its potential for cardiovascular thrombotic events (like heart attack or stroke) and serious gastrointestinal side effects (like bleeding or perforation). This indicates the presence of known, clinically significant risks that are managed by following established administration guidelines.

Q: If I have a history of [general health issue], is Sodolac still considered an option?

Official eligibility criteria strictly list populations who should not use the drug, such as those with active gastrointestinal bleeding or severe heart failure. If there is a history of a serious health issue, official documents note that caution is required, and the decision to use the drug involves a professional assessment of the risks.

Q: Are there specific symptoms that require immediate medical attention while using Sodolac?

Yes, the official safety information lists several serious adverse reactions. These symptoms should be brought to the attention of a medical professional promptly, and include signs of serious internal bleeding (such as black or tarry stools), symptoms that may suggest a heart attack or stroke, and severe allergic reactions.

Q: Are there different strengths of Sodolac available?

Yes, Sodolac is available in different strengths for both its immediate-release (IR) and extended-release (ER) formulations. The specific dosing range listed in administration guidelines reflects the various tablet and capsule strengths that are marketed.

Q: What is the purpose of the 'black box warning' often mentioned for drugs like Sodolac?

The 'Boxed Warning' (sometimes called a 'black box warning') is the strongest safety warning mandated by the FDA for medications that carry serious, life-threatening risks. For Sodolac, this warning highlights the potential for serious cardiovascular risks and life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding.

Q: How long does Sodolac stay in the system after the last use?

According to official pharmacokinetic data, Sodolac has an average elimination half-life of approximately 7.3 hours. This value represents the approximate time it takes for half of the dose to be cleared from the bloodstream. The drug is primarily eliminated following metabolism in the liver.

Q: Is Sodolac known to be habit-forming or cause dependency?

Sodolac (Etodolac) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and is not classified as a controlled substance by major regulatory bodies like the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). It is not known to be associated with habit formation.

Q: Are there any specific laboratory tests that can be affected by Sodolac?

Official documents advise monitoring certain lab values because Sodolac can affect them. Regulatory guidance suggests that monitoring of liver enzyme tests and blood count values (hemoglobin/hematocrit) may be necessary due to the possibility of rare hepatic reactions and GI bleeding.

Q: Can Sodolac be taken if someone is taking supplements or herbal products?

Some herbal products or supplements, especially those known to affect blood clotting or thinning, may interact with Sodolac and increase the risk of bleeding. Information on specific supplements should be reviewed by a healthcare provider, as interactions are possible.

Q: Is Sodolac approved for use outside of [Country Name - General question]?

The active ingredient, Etodolac, is approved for use under various brand and generic names by regulatory bodies in many countries across the globe. This indicates that its intended effect and safety profile have been reviewed by multiple international health authorities.

Q: Does using Sodolac affect the ability to drive or operate machinery?

Official labeling states that Sodolac may cause side effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, or headache. If these effects occur, official information states that caution should be exercised regarding activities such as driving or operating complex machinery.

Q: Why does the official guide list a long list of contraindications for Sodolac?

The extensive list of contraindications (situations where the drug is not recommended for use) is a requirement due to the serious risks associated with the drug. This includes the potential for fatal cardiovascular events and severe gastrointestinal damage, necessitating strict patient screening to minimize harm.

Q: Is it true that Sodolac can cause sensitivity to sunlight?

Yes, Sodolac has been associated with a side effect called photosensitivity, which is mentioned in the adverse reaction profile. This means the drug can make the skin more reactive and sensitive to exposure from sunlight and other ultraviolet (UV) light sources.

Q: Can Sodolac affect sleep patterns?

While not a primary effect, the drug's side effect profile reports drowsiness and a general tired feeling as nervous system complaints. These effects could potentially influence an individual's normal sleep patterns.

Q: Do regulatory agencies list any warnings specific to stopping Sodolac use?

Official clinical pharmacology information indicates that when Sodolac treatment is stopped, the body generally returns to its pretreatment state. However, if a severe adverse event occurs during use, monitoring or specialized follow-up may be part of the care plan determined by a healthcare professional.

Q: Why are the instructions about how to use Sodolac so precise?

The precision in administration guidelines (like 'swallow whole' or 'take with or without food') is crucial for safety and effectiveness. The most important precision is the mandate to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration to directly minimize the serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risks outlined in official warnings.

Q: How long has Sodolac been approved and available for use?

The active ingredient in Sodolac, Etodolac, was initially approved for use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1991. It has been available for prescription use since that time.

Q: What information is available regarding the effect of Sodolac on mental health?

The adverse reaction profile reports rare nervous system side effects that affect mood and cognition. These include infrequent reports of nervousness, and very rare cases of depression and hostility.

Q: Is Sodolac a controlled substance?

Sodolac (Etodolac) is not classified as a controlled substance by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) or other major regulatory bodies. It is not known to be associated with abuse or dependency.

Q: What happens in the body when Sodolac starts to wear off?

When the drug starts to wear off, the concentration of the active substance in the body decreases due to the elimination process (half-life of approximately 7.3 hours). This results in a reduction of the drug’s inhibitory effect, allowing the body's natural inflammatory chemicals (prostaglandins) to increase, which often leads to a return of the original pain or inflammation.

How should Sodolac be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Sodolac (Etodolac)

Sodolac must be stored and disposed of according to official regulatory guidelines to maintain its stability and ensure safety.


Storage Requirements

Mandatory Storage Conditions

Requirement Specification
Temperature Controlled room temperature, 15 C to 30 C (59 F to 86 F).
Environment Protect from moisture and excess heat; Keep from freezing.
Container Keep in the original container, which must be tightly closed and well-closed.
Child Safety Keep out of reach of children (and out of sight).

Disposal Instructions

Unused or expired Sodolac must not be discarded in wastewater. The preferred method for disposal is to use a drug take-back option or an official collection point. If a take-back program is unavailable, mix the medication with an unappealing substance, seal it in a plastic bag, and dispose of it in household trash. All disposal must adhere to local, regional, national, and international regulations.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

Available in countries:

Equivalent of Sodolac found in:

A-Z Index: