Skiacol

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Skiacol

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Medically reviewed

Rosario Oropesa

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Skiacol

Skiacol is a specific brand name for the ophthalmic medication containing the active ingredient Cyclopentolate hydrochloride. It is strictly a diagnostic agent used in ophthalmology to temporarily adjust the eye’s focusing capabilities and pupil size, facilitating comprehensive examination.

Property Description
Active ingredient Cyclopentolate hydrochloride
Form Ophthalmic solution (Eye drops)
Pharmacological class Anticholinergic agent / Mydriatic-Cycloplegic
Common use Diagnostic eye procedures and refraction testing
Origin Synthetic

What is Skiacol (Cyclopentolate) and What Type of Medicine is It?

Skiacol is a pharmaceutical preparation classified as both a mydriatic and a cycloplegic agent, utilized exclusively in the diagnostic field of ophthalmology. The drug entity is a synthetic compound whose active ingredient is Cyclopentolate hydrochloride, a substance that is pharmacologically categorized as a parasympatholytic and an anticholinergic agent. Cyclopentolate functions as an anticholinergic used to induce mydriasis and cycloplegia. This allows the drug to fulfill its primary purpose of preparing the eye for examination.

This compound is clinically recognized for its action profile, particularly its rapid onset and predictable duration, which supports its use in diagnostic settings. Cyclopentolate is formulated as a single-ingredient product, utilized for routine diagnostic work.

Composition and Form: The Topical Ophthalmic Solution

Skiacol is formulated as a sterile, aqueous ophthalmic solution administered via the topical ophthalmic route, meaning it is applied directly to the eye as drops. The composition consists of the active ingredient, Cyclopentolate hydrochloride, dissolved within an aqueous base.

General Purpose: Why is This Classification Important for Eye Exams?

The primary general purpose of Skiacol is to serve as a tool for diagnostic ophthalmic procedures. Its dual classification is important because it facilitates two concurrent physiological effects: pupil widening (mydriasis) and the temporary suspension of the eye’s ability to change focus (cycloplegia). The medication is used to obtain cycloplegia for the determination of refraction. This indicates that the drug aids in obtaining test results by temporarily removing the eye's active focusing power, a step for refraction measurements and comprehensive fundus examination.

Regulatory References

  1. Cyclopentolate Ophthalmic: MedlinePlus Drug Information

What side effects are possible with Skiacol?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

Skiacol (Cyclopentolate hydrochloride) is associated with officially documented adverse reactions that are categorized into ocular (local) and systemic (non-ocular) effects, based on government regulatory documents.

Adverse Reaction Categories

Side effects are classified by System-Organ Class (SOC), with many systemic effects listed with a frequency of Not Known (cannot be estimated from available data). Common effects generally relate to the eyes and administration:

SOC Category Examples of Documented Effects
Eye Disorders Transient increase in intraocular pressure, burning sensation upon instillation, photophobia, blurred vision, conjunctivitis.
Nervous/Psychiatric Disorders Psychotic reactions, seizures, disorientation, hyperactivity, somnolence (often with Not Known frequency).
Cardiac Disorders Tachycardia (rapid heart rate), bradycardia, cardiopulmonary failure (severe).
Gastrointestinal Disorders Dry mouth, abdominal distension, necrotizing enterocolitis (rarely reported in preterm infants).

Serious Adverse Reactions and Systemic Risks

Regulatory sources define the potential for severe systemic anticholinergic toxicity, which includes serious adverse reactions such as seizures, acute psychosis, coma, medullary paralysis, and cardiopulmonary failure. These severe systemic effects are primarily a risk of the medication's absorption into the bloodstream.

Population-Specific Safety Considerations

The safety profile requires specific considerations for vulnerable groups. Infants and young children are documented to have an increased risk of systemic CNS and cardiorespiratory toxicity; the higher concentration solution (1%) is generally not recommended for use in children under 12 months. Individuals with Down's syndrome, spastic paralysis, or organic brain damage also exhibit increased susceptibility to CNS disturbances. The medicine is contraindicated in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma due to the risk of inducing angle closure. Symptoms of systemic toxicity typically subside within 4 to 6 hours but may last up to 24 hours.

Overdose and Emergency Response

The official regulatory profile for Skiacol (Cyclopentolate) overdose is defined by the risk of profound systemic anticholinergic toxicity following excessive topical application or accidental ingestion. Documented systemic manifestations include central nervous system disturbances such as psychotic reactions, confusion, hallucinations, restlessness, and the potential for seizures. Other signs include cardiovascular effects like tachycardia, and systemic signs such as hyperpyrexia (fever), dry skin, facial flushing, reduced gastrointestinal motility, and urinary retention.

Regulatory authorities classify overdosage as potentially leading to severe, life-threatening outcomes, including respiratory depression, coma, and cardiovascular collapse. Due to heightened susceptibility to central nervous system effects, pediatric patients and the elderly are explicitly noted in labeling as being at increased risk for toxicity.

In all cases of suspected systemic overexposure, regulatory documents explicitly mandate the need to seek immediate medical attention or contact emergency services immediately upon the observation of systemic signs. The documented management approach is primarily symptomatic and supportive, though the anticholinesterase agent Physostigmine is cited in official labeling as a specific antidote to be considered for managing severe, life-threatening CNS or cardiovascular toxicity.

Therapeutic Uses of Skiacol

What Skiacol Treats: Main Uses and Benefits

Skiacol (Cyclopentolate) is commonly used across therapeutic domains relevant in contexts where short-term symptomatic assistance is appropriate, including ophthalmic diagnostic and supportive settings.

Clinical uses include temporarily relaxing the focusing muscle to achieve cycloplegia and widening the pupil for examination (mydriasis), as well as being applied in conditions involving recurrent or episodic manifestations, such as the therapeutic management of iridocyclitis (a form of anterior uveitis).

This medication is relevant when symptoms become temporarily overwhelming or are interfering with the ability to measure a refractive error accurately. It may assist the eye doctor in obtaining a reliable measurement, providing supportive relief when symptoms interfere with routine activities. This is commonly considered relevant for children whose focusing is active, or in situations where symptoms of increased neurological or muscular activity are interfering with testing.

“This medication is applied in clinical settings that involve acute or unstable symptom patterns related to vision.”

In the case of inflammation, Skiacol supports patients during episodes of heightened discomfort by addressing symptom clusters related to inflammatory or irritative states. It is commonly used to help with symptoms related to heightened physiological activity, which may contribute to easing the overall symptom load.


Quick Fact: Relief for Eye Muscle Spasms


Regulatory References

  1. NIH DailyMed Label for Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Who Can and Cannot Use Skiacol? — Official Eligibility Information

Skiacol (Cyclopentolate) is an ophthalmic medicine whose use is strictly governed by regulatory documentation to ensure patient safety. Eligibility for this drug is primarily determined by age and the presence of certain pre-existing eye conditions.

Contraindicated Populations

Official regulatory labeling dictates that Skiacol must not be used in the following groups, as defined by absolute contraindications:

  • Infants: Children under the age of one year are strictly contraindicated due to the increased risk of toxicity.
  • Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Individuals with known or suspected angle-closure glaucoma must not use this medication.

Eligibility Summary

Eligibility Factor Regulatory Status
Age Approved for use in adults and children ge 1 year of age.
Ocular Condition Contraindicated in the presence of angle-closure glaucoma (known or suspected).

For eligible populations, Skiacol is typically used for eye examinations to temporarily dilate the pupil and paralyze the eye muscles. Patients without the listed contraindications, including adults and children one year and older, are generally considered eligible for treatment.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Skiacol Interactions with Other Medicines and Products

This section details interaction patterns of Skiacol (Cyclopentolate hydrochloride) as documented in official government regulatory information.


Official Documented Interaction Patterns

Skiacol's interaction profile is primarily based on its classification as an anticholinergic agent, leading to documented pharmacodynamic effects with specific drug classes.

Pharmacodynamic Interactions

Interacting Agents Officially Documented Effect
Ocular Anti-Hypertensive Agents (e.g., Pilocarpine, Carbachol, Ophthalmic Cholinesterase Inhibitors) May interfere with the ocular anti-hypertensive action, potentially reducing their therapeutic effectiveness.
Other Antimuscarinic Agents (e.g., Amantadine, Phenothiazines, Tricyclic Antidepressants) The effects of Skiacol may be enhanced due to additive antimuscarinic properties, increasing the risk of systemic anticholinergic effects.

Interaction-Related Restrictions and Cautions

Regulatory documents include specific restrictions tied to interaction risk and drug properties:

  • Contraindicated Combinations: Co-administration with certain strong systemic anticholinergic agents and solid oral potassium products is highly discouraged due to the potential for severely heightened adverse effects.
  • Procedural Constraint for Infants: The official label recommends withholding feeding for four hours after ophthalmic use in infants to mitigate potential feeding intolerance, a known anticholinergic effect.
  • Population-Specific Note: Increased susceptibility to systemic effects, including enhanced CNS disturbances from absorption, is noted in specific populations such as children with Down's syndrome and infants.

Mechanism of Action

Skiacol is a small-molecule antagonist that targets the Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) signaling pathway. It binds directly to the RANKL molecule, preventing its interaction with the RANK receptor found on the surface of pre-osteoclasts and mature osteoclasts.

This competitive binding inhibits the downstream signaling cascade typically initiated by the RANK/RANKL interaction, specifically the activation of the NF-kB pathway and subsequent nuclear localization of NFATc1. The interruption of this cascade suppresses the differentiation, proliferation, and activation of osteoclasts. The overall effect is a decrease in osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, which results in a measurable reduction in the rate of bone remodeling. This alters the bone remodeling cycle and modulates the balance between bone formation and resorption.

Dosage and Administration Information

Skiacol (Cyclopentolate) is administered exclusively via the Topical Ophthalmic route, applied directly as an eye drop solution; it is strictly labeled as Not For Injection. The product is available in concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%.

Standardized Administration Patterns

Use Context Standard Regimen Frequency & Duration
Diagnostic Refraction One to two drops of the 1% or 2% solution. Single application, with an optional second drop 5 to 10 minutes later.
Therapeutic Management (Uveitis) One to two drops of the 0.5% or 1% solution. Administered up to four times daily.

Procedural Conditions and High-Level Rules

Proper administration requires adherence to specific instructions designed to manage systemic absorption. Immediately following instillation, digital pressure must be applied to the nasolacrimal sac for two to three minutes.

When used with other topical ophthalmic medications, a minimum interval of five minutes must be maintained between applications.

Population-Specific Rules: For small infants (under 1 year), the dose is restricted to a single instillation of one drop of the 0.5% solution. Furthermore, feeding is withheld for four hours following the procedure for infants. Patients with heavily pigmented irides may necessitate the use of the higher-strength solution (2%) to achieve the necessary diagnostic effect. The effects of cycloplegia typically resolve within 6 to 24 hours, but mydriasis may require several days for complete recovery.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research evidence / Overview of Studies for Skiacol

Evidence for Use in Diagnostic Refraction and Ocular Examination

The primary research for Skiacol (Cyclopentolate) focuses on its use as a diagnostic tool during comprehensive eye examinations. This evidence base consists of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), comparative studies, and systematic reviews. Research examined the physiological response of the eye, specifically focusing on outcomes related to residual accommodation (the eye's focusing ability) and maximal pupil size achieved (mydriasis).

Studies observed that the medication was associated with the development of cycloplegia and mydriasis, with effects being recorded within a short timeframe. Findings describe patterns observed in these studies where the physiological changes needed for an accurate measurement of refractive error were recorded within defined, short time intervals following administration, to aid in obtaining the eye's refractive error measurement during the examination.

Research for this diagnostic use focuses on the required acute physiological response and, consequently, does not explore long-term outcomes. Additionally, results apply only to the specific administration protocols studied. Comparisons with other similar diagnostic agents sometimes indicated mixed findings regarding the absolute degree of cycloplegia achieved in specific age groups, suggesting that reported measurements may vary.

Evidence for Use in Supportive Management of Iridocyclitis

Skiacol was also studied for its use in conditions involving periods of heightened symptoms, such as the therapeutic management of iridocyclitis (a form of anterior uveitis). Research examined temporary physiological imbalance related to inflammatory or irritative states. This evidence is primarily derived from observational studies, case series, and its inclusion in authoritative clinical practice guidelines, rather than large-scale RCTs focused solely on this application.

Studies monitored patient-reported outcomes describing perceived discomfort linked to inflammatory states, as well as the prevention of structural changes, such as the formation of posterior synechiae. Evidence contributes to understanding symptom patterns, particularly its inclusion in regimens studying outcomes related to physical discomfort during acute episodes. Research examined the medication's use in settings where symptoms may vary in intensity.

Long-Term Studies and Follow-up Durations

The research exploring Skiacol is primarily designed to assess its acute and temporary effects. Consequently, follow-up durations were limited across the evidence landscape. For its diagnostic use, studies observe responses over defined time intervals, with monitoring typically lasting only for the short period needed for the eye exam. For its use in iridocyclitis, the treatment duration is episodic, but there are limited data available for long-term outcomes beyond the resolution of the acute inflammatory episode.

Evidence in Special Populations (Children and Subgroups)

Research has explored the use of Skiacol in different populations, most notably children—including both preschool and school-aged groups—who frequently require cycloplegia for accurate refractive measurements. Studies conducted during periods of increased symptom activity in these young populations specifically examined temporary physiological imbalance to ensure test accuracy.

Key Evidence Gaps and Areas for Further Research

Despite being a widely used diagnostic tool, certain aspects of the evidence base remain less defined. There is a lack of standardization in how the medication is administered across different trials, particularly regarding the number of drops or specific concentration used. This variability means that reported measurements and timeframes may differ when studies are compared directly. Additionally, the supportive therapeutic application relies more on observational studies, rather than the large-scale RCTs characteristic of the diagnostic use.

Key Studies & References

  1. Label: CYCLOGYL- cyclopentolate hydrochloride solution/ drops - DailyMed - NIH

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Skiacol (FAQ)


Q: Do the side effects of Skiacol usually go away after a while?

The physiological effects and associated side effects of Skiacol are documented as temporary. The official product information indicates that the temporary effects on the eye’s focus (cycloplegia) typically wear off within 6 to 24 hours. Pupil dilation (mydriasis) may take several days for complete recovery, and any systemic side effects are documented to typically subside within 4 to 24 hours.


Q: How quickly does Skiacol start to work?

Regulatory documents describe a rapid onset of action following instillation. The maximum effect for cycloplegia (the temporary loss of the eye's ability to focus) is documented to occur within 25 to 75 minutes. The maximum pupil dilation (mydriasis) is typically noted within 30 to 60 minutes after the eye drops are applied.


Q: How long does the effect of one dose of Skiacol typically last?

Skiacol is designed for short-term effects during an eye examination. The temporary paralysis of the eye's focusing ability (cycloplegia) usually recovers within 6 to 24 hours. However, the complete recovery from pupil dilation (mydriasis) may require several days in some individuals.


Q: Does Skiacol need to be taken at a specific time of day?

The official administration guidelines confirm that the drug is not part of a routine daily dosing schedule like many other medications. It is typically administered as needed for a specific diagnostic or therapeutic procedure as determined by the eye care professional.


Q: Are there any specific foods or drinks to avoid while taking Skiacol?

For the general population, no specific restrictions on food or drinks are listed in the regulatory documents. However, the official label does recommend withholding feeding for four hours after use specifically in infants to mitigate the potential for feeding intolerance, which is a known anticholinergic effect.


Q: Can Skiacol be crushed, cut, or chewed?

Official labeling specifies that Skiacol is a sterile eye solution formulated for topical ophthalmic use only, meaning it is applied as drops into the eye. The official label explicitly states that the solution is 'Not For Injection' and should not be taken by mouth, which includes crushing or chewing.


Q: Is Skiacol a long-term or short-term treatment?

Official product information indicates that Skiacol is a short-term treatment. It is designated for use as a diagnostic agent or for supportive management during acute, temporary episodes of certain eye conditions, resulting in effects that are acute and temporary rather than long-term.


Q: Does Skiacol interact with alcohol?

No specific interaction pattern between Skiacol and alcohol is formally documented in the official labeling. However, official patient guidance generally reminds individuals that all medication use, including with alcohol, should be discussed with their healthcare provider.


Q: I saw someone mention Skiacol makes them feel dizzy. Is this a known effect?

Dizziness is included in the list of effects that may occur with the use of Skiacol, according to regulatory sources. Due to this potential effect, official patient guidance advises individuals not to drive or engage in hazardous activities until the temporary effects have fully worn off.


Q: Can Skiacol cause trouble sleeping?

The medication is associated with somnolence, which is a state of strong drowsiness or a desire for sleep, as a documented adverse effect. While related, difficulty falling asleep (insomnia) is not explicitly listed in the documented adverse effects.


Q: What is the difference between Skiacol and a similar drug, Y?

Skiacol is a brand name for the active ingredient Cyclopentolate hydrochloride, which is classified as an anticholinergic agent. Compared to other medicines in this class, Cyclopentolate is often noted in product information for its specific profile regarding rapid onset and predictable duration of effects on the eye.


Q: Can people who are generally healthy take Skiacol?

Eligibility is determined by the absence of specific health risks rather than the presence of a chronic disease. Individuals who do not have the documented absolute contraindications, such as angle-closure glaucoma or being under one year of age, are generally considered eligible for its use during an eye examination.


Q: Does Skiacol interact with common pain relievers like ibuprofen?

The official label lists specific interactions with certain drug classes, such as other anticholinergic agents. Interactions with common pain relievers like ibuprofen (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) are not documented as a specific contraindication or interaction in the official product information.


Q: Is it true that Skiacol can affect blood pressure?

The medication has been associated with cardiac effects, including tachycardia (a rapid heart rate). Elevated blood pressure, known as hypertension, has also been noted as a potential symptom that may occur with excessive dosage, according to regulatory documents.


Q: What if I'm already taking multiple different medications with Skiacol?

Official patient guidance states the importance of informing your healthcare provider and pharmacist about all medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products being used, as this allows for appropriate monitoring for potential side effects or drug interactions.


Q: Can a person with a history of heart problems use Skiacol?

Regulatory documents list cardiac adverse effects, including tachycardia and, rarely, cardiopulmonary failure. Due to the potential for cardiac risks, the official label suggests that caution is often exercised when the drug is used in individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.


Q: What are the main research themes related to Skiacol's use?

Research has primarily focused on its validated applications, which include its effectiveness as a diagnostic tool for accurate refraction measurements. Other major themes involve its use in the supportive management of iridocyclitis and studies exploring its effects in special populations, particularly children.


Q: Does Skiacol interact with common vitamins?

Official patient guidance advises informing the prescriber about all vitamins and nutritional supplements being taken. However, no specific contraindication or interaction is formally documented for common vitamins in the official labeling.


Q: What are the most serious warnings associated with Skiacol?

The most serious risks are documented to be associated with the potential for severe systemic anticholinergic toxicity, which can occur if the medicine is absorbed into the bloodstream. These rare but serious reactions include psychotic episodes, seizures, and cardiopulmonary failure.


Q: Can I use Skiacol if I have an underlying mood disorder?

The use of the drug has been associated with central nervous system (CNS) disturbances, including psychotic reactions and behavioral changes. Patients with pre-existing conditions that affect the CNS are documented to have an increased susceptibility to these temporary effects.


Q: Are there any specific laboratory tests required before starting Skiacol?

Regulatory documents recommend a procedural assessment before the medicine is administered. The depth of the angle of the anterior chamber must be estimated to avoid the risk of inducing angle-closure glaucoma in susceptible patients.


Q: Does Skiacol affect fertility or pregnancy?

The official label states that animal reproduction studies have not been conducted, and it is not known whether the medication can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant person. Its use during pregnancy is addressed in regulatory documents, which state it should be used only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk.

How should Skiacol be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Skiacol (Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution)

The official labeling mandates specific conditions to maintain the solution's integrity.

Storage Requirements

The multi-dose solution must typically be stored at Controlled Room Temperature (15 C to 30 C) and must not be frozen. It is required to be stored in its original container and kept tightly closed. The medication must be kept out of the reach and sight of children.

Stability and Disposal

Single-use containers must be discarded immediately after use. For multi-dose containers, the solution may need to be discarded four weeks after opening, depending on the specific label. Unused or expired medication should be returned to a pharmacy for safe disposal or handled according to official guidance to prevent environmental contamination.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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