Pixime

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Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Pixime

Quick Facts

Property Description
Active ingredient Cefixime
Form Oral preparations (tablets, capsules, and suspension)
Pharmacological class Third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Common use Elimination of bacterial infections
Origin Semisynthetic

What is Cefixime, the Active Ingredient in Pixime?

Pixime is a prescription-only, single-ingredient finished pharmaceutical product, with Cefixime as its sole active compound. The medication is classified as a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, placing it within the larger beta-lactam family of antimicrobial agents. Cefixime is a semisynthetic compound, emphasizing its laboratory-derived origin and structural modifications designed for optimal efficacy.

This specific generation of antibiotic is clinically recognized for its reliable stability and expanded spectrum against certain common Gram-negative organisms, which differentiates it from earlier cephalosporin classes. As a single-ingredient formulation, its composition consists of Cefixime combined with standard pharmaceutical excipients necessary to create the final stable oral dose forms.


What Type of Antibiotic is Pixime and What is Its General Purpose?

Pixime is a bactericidal agent, meaning its general purpose is to actively kill the targeted bacteria, thereby leading to the elimination of the underlying bacterial infections. Its primary mechanism of action relies on the beta-lactam ring structure, which disrupts the structural integrity of the bacterial cell. This interruption occurs because Cefixime works by inhibiting cell wall synthesis.

This specific action prevents the growth and survival of susceptible bacteria, rather than simply slowing their reproduction. A typical scenario involves the use of Cefixime for common infections where the causative bacteria are known to be susceptible to this third-generation cephalosporin structure.


Available Forms of Pixime

The medication is available for oral administration in multiple pharmaceutical dosage forms to accommodate various patient needs. These preparations include solid forms such as tablets and capsules, alongside a liquid preparation known as an oral suspension. The availability of an oral suspension is a practical benefit, ensuring the drug can be administered easily, particularly to patient groups, like young children, who may have difficulty swallowing solid tablets.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH DailyMed: Cefixime

What side effects are possible with Pixime?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

Pixime's officially documented safety profile is structured by frequency of occurrence and affected system-organ classes, based on government regulatory standards. The adverse reactions are broadly categorized by the Gastrointestinal System, Immune System, and Skin disorders.


Frequency-Classified Adverse Reactions

The most commonly reported effects are gastrointestinal disturbances (Common, 1/100 to <1/10), including diarrhea and loose stools. Other effects are categorized as Uncommon (abdominal pain, nausea, headache, rash) or Rare (drug fever, pruritus).


Serious Adverse Reactions

Official labeling highlights the potential for serious adverse reactions, although they are rare or very rare. These include life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylactic shock) and severe cutaneous reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). A significant gastrointestinal concern is the documented risk of Pseudomembranous Colitis (Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea).


Population and Regulatory Constraints

Specific safety considerations are noted for certain groups. Patients with renal impairment require particular attention, as the risk of toxicity, including seizures and encephalopathy, is increased. Caution is also advised due to the potential for cross-hypersensitivity in individuals with a history of penicillin allergy. The regulatory information also notes that the onset of colitis symptoms may be delayed, sometimes occurring after the cessation of therapy. The medicine can also cause a false positive Coombs test.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and When to Seek Help

The official regulatory documentation for Cefixime defines the overdose profile primarily by the potential for acute neurotoxicity. The most significant documented risk is encephalopathy, a severe neurological condition. Clinical signs associated with this risk include convulsions, confusion, abnormal movements, and an overall impairment of consciousness.


Required Emergency Actions

Urgent medical attention must be sought immediately upon the observation of any severe neurological signs or significant consciousness impairment. Management of Cefixime overdose is strictly defined as symptomatic and supportive treatment. Regulatory labels explicitly state that no specific antidote exists for Cefixime overdose.


Management Constraints

A critical constraint in management is that Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, making these procedures ineffective for clearance. The risk of encephalopathy is specifically heightened in individuals with renal impairment who experience an overdose. Procedural steps such as gastric lavage may be indicated in severe ingestion scenarios, though single doses up to 2 g have shown a similar adverse reaction profile to therapeutic doses.

Therapeutic Uses of Pixime

What Pixime Treats: Main Uses and Benefits

Pixime is commonly used to treat and manage infections caused by susceptible bacteria across multiple therapeutic domains. The medication is relevant for addressing acute conditions such as otitis media (middle ear infection), streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat), tonsillitis, and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. It is also applied across domains where short-term symptom management is appropriate for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and specific gonococcal infections relevant to the genital tract. This therapeutic support helps address symptom clusters that may become intense, easing distress related to fever, sore throat, or ear pain, and contributes to improved day-to-day comfort.


Benefit Highlight: Relief for Infection-Driven Distress


Therapeutic Benefit and Patient Relevance

The therapeutic action assists with maintaining functional stability in the context of these acute, disruptive episodes. This approach is considered relevant for use in both adults and pediatric patients (children). Its use provides targeted symptomatic relief during acute episodes, assisting with maintaining functional stability and easing the impact of infection-related pain, fever, and discomfort on routine daily life.

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

This information is strictly based on official government regulatory documents (e.g., FDA, EMA, Health Canada) regarding the eligibility and exclusion of patient populations for the medicine Pixime (Cefixime).

Populations Excluded from Use

Classification Population Status Defined by Regulatory Documents
Contraindication Patients with known allergy to Cefixime or any other cephalosporin drug. Must not be used.
Use Not Established Infants aged less than six months. Efficacy and safety have not been established in this age group.

Conditional or Restricted Use

Regulatory agencies define conditional use for the following groups, requiring caution and/or modification:

  • Patients with a history of penicillin allergy: Use requires caution due to a documented risk of cross-hypersensitivity with cephalosporins.
  • Patients with Renal Impairment: Patients whose creatinine clearance is less than 60 mL/min are eligible, but a dose adjustment is required to prevent accumulation.
  • Pregnancy: Use is conditional and should be administered only if clearly needed.
  • Nursing Mothers: Temporary discontinuation of nursing during treatment should be considered.
  • Phenylketonuria (PKU): The chewable tablet formulation contains phenylalanine and must be used with caution, taking into account the patient's total daily intake.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Pixime (Cefixime) is documented to interact with certain medicinal products primarily through effects on clearance pathways and pharmacodynamic outcomes, as detailed in regulatory sources.


Pharmacokinetic and Clearance Interactions

Co-administration with Probenecid is officially reported to cause a significant pharmacokinetic interaction. Probenecid competes for renal tubular clearance, a transporter-mediated process, resulting in increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of Cefixime due to reduced excretion. In terms of effects on other medicines, reports indicate elevated Carbamazepine levels when taken with Cefixime, a finding noted in post-marketing experience. Additionally, Cefixime may decrease the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. The presence of food during administration does not significantly alter the overall absorption, but the time to reach maximal concentration (Tmax) is officially increased by approximately 0.8 hours.


Pharmacodynamic Interference and Restrictions

A key documented interaction involves Warfarin and other Coumarin-type anticoagulants. This combination is officially associated with a fall in prothrombin activity, leading to a measurable prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT). Patients with pre-existing renal or hepatic impairment are identified in regulatory labeling as having an increased risk for this pharmacodynamic effect. Combination with live bacterial vaccines (such as the Cholera vaccine) is generally not recommended. This restriction is due to therapeutic antagonism, where the antibiotic may officially decrease the desired therapeutic effect of the vaccine.

Mechanism of Action

How Pixime Works

Targeted Inhibition of Peptidoglycan Synthesis

Pixime acts by engaging mechanisms that regulate overactive or dysregulated processes in bacteria, primarily affecting systems where specific enzymes dominate the structural integrity of the cell. Its beta-lactam structure binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are essential bacterial enzymes.

Covalent PBP Modification and Pathway Interruption

The drug engages mechanisms that influence feedback regulation within pathways by targeting PBP activity. This action interrupts the final transpeptidation step required for peptidoglycan cross-linking and modifies early molecular steps that shape systemic physiological outcomes.

Consequence: Induction of Cell Lysis

By disrupting peptidoglycan formation, the cell wall loses its structural stability. This modification of the bacterial cell's architecture contributes to the loss of structural integrity, causing the bacterial cell to rupture (lysis) and subsequent cell death.

Dosage and Administration Information

How Pixime is Used: Official Administration Guidelines

Pixime (Cefixime) is an antibiotic prescribed as an oral medication, available in forms such as tablets, capsules, chewable tablets, and a powder for oral suspension. Administration is independent of food intake for all dosage forms.

Standard dosing is structured by age and clinical scenario. For adults, the recommended regimen is typically 400 mg daily. This total dose may be administered as a single 400 mg dose once a day or divided into 200 mg every 12 hours. For the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of 400 mg is utilized.

For pediatric patients 6 months of age and older, the dose is calculated based on body weight, generally 8 mg/kg/day. This may be administered as a single daily dose or in two divided doses. Children weighing more than 45 kg or over 12 years of age typically receive the standard adult dose.

Procedural and Course Instructions

Treatment duration is typically 7 to 14 days; however, in cases involving Streptococcus pyogenes infections (e.g., pharyngitis/tonsillitis), administration must be continued for at least 10 days.

Form-specific instructions must be followed: The oral suspension requires the bottle to be shaken well before each use. Chewable tablets must be chewed or crushed completely prior to swallowing, and should not be swallowed whole. For treating otitis media, the oral suspension formulation is preferred and generally should not be substituted with tablets or capsules due to absorption differences.

Dosage modification is required for patients with impaired renal function. For example, in cases of severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance le 20 mL/min), the daily dose should not exceed 200 mg.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Pixime

This overview describes the clinical research conducted on Cefixime, the active ingredient in Pixime, focusing on the types of studies performed, what was measured, and what remains uncertain, based on authoritative regulatory and scientific reviews.


Evidence for Use in Acute Respiratory and Ear Infections (AOM, Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, AECB)

Research exploring Pixime for acute infections like middle ear infections (Acute Otitis Media), strep throat (Pharyngitis), and acute flare-ups of chronic bronchitis (AECB) primarily consists of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and comparative trials. These trials were designed to study symptom management during periods of increased symptom activity. Researchers monitored two main outcomes: Clinical Outcomes (observing how symptoms evolved) and Bacteriological Outcomes (research examining the presence or absence of the specific bacteria causing the infection).

Studies collected data on changes measured during the short-term study intervals in both pediatric patients (children 6 months and older) and adults. Recent comparative evidence against some of the newest antibiotic alternatives is limited. The studies focus on acute episodes, meaning they provide limited information for long-term outcomes, such as monitoring recurrence patterns.


Evidence for Uncomplicated Gonococcal Infections

For uncomplicated gonococcal infections affecting urogenital, rectal, and pharyngeal sites, Pixime was evaluated in a combination of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, and ongoing surveillance data. The primary goals were to document Microbiological Outcomes (observing the absence of the bacteria) and Clinical Outcomes (the measurement of symptom resolution) within a short post-treatment follow-up period.

Research highlights that trials reported measurements of these outcomes, and some studies described patterns where the treatment was associated with non-inferiority compared to established alternative regimens in specific sites. A key limitation is the rising concern observed in surveillance reports that monitor the emergence of bacterial isolates with decreased susceptibility to the antibiotic. Findings were also mixed, and results were inconsistent for outcomes related to infections in the pharyngeal (throat) region, which were observed in some studies with small sample sizes.


Follow-up Duration and Long-Term Research

The majority of the core research for Pixime consists of trials exploring short-term symptom changes. These studies typically monitored patients for the duration of the antibiotic course (often 5 to 14 days) and for a short period immediately after treatment. As a result, the follow-up durations were limited. There is limited information for long-term outcomes, and long-term effects are not fully established. The research provides context but not individual predictions regarding recurrence or how symptom patterns evolve in the distant future.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Pixime (FAQ)

Q: Are there any food or drinks I need to avoid while taking Pixime?

Pixime can generally be taken with or without food, as official regulatory documents state that administration is independent of mealtime. Official labeling does not list specific foods to avoid. However, the interaction with alcohol is widely reported as unknown or not fully established, and for clarity on personal use, it is typically recommended to discuss with a healthcare professional.

Q: How long can a person safely take Pixime?

Pixime is typically prescribed for short treatment courses, usually lasting between 7 and 14 days. If the medication is used for long-term therapy or high doses are required, official documents indicate that regulatory monitoring of renal function, hepatic function, and blood count is required.

Q: Why do some people say Pixime didn't work for them?

Official information notes that most strains of certain bacteria, such as Staphylococci and Pseudomonas, are naturally resistant to the drug. Efficacy may also be impacted if the patient is experiencing severe gastrointestinal disorders. These factors, noted in pharmacological reports, can influence the outcome of treatment.

Q: Is Pixime the same as [Name of similar drug]?

Pixime contains the active ingredient Cefixime, which is classified as a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. This classification defines its specific chemical structure and spectrum of activity against bacteria. Its unique chemical class distinguishes it from drugs belonging to other antibiotic families.

Q: Why do doctors prescribe Pixime instead of other options?

According to official regulatory documents, the drug is indicated for infections where the causative organism is known or suspected to be resistant to other commonly used antibacterial agents. It may also be used when treatment failure with other options carries a significant risk. The decision to prescribe is based on the organism and clinical scenario.

Q: Can Pixime be taken if I have kidney or liver problems?

Regulatory information addresses specific requirements for use in patients with organ function concerns. Renal impairment (kidney function issues) requires a dose adjustment based on the creatinine clearance measurement. However, official information notes that no dosage adjustment is generally recommended for patients with liver impairment (hepatic issues).

Q: Can Pixime be crushed or split?

This depends on the pharmaceutical form being used. The 400 mg tablet has been shown to be split for administration purposes, according to official guidelines. Conversely, the capsule should be swallowed whole and not cut, broken, or chewed. Chewable tablets must be chewed or crushed completely before swallowing.

Q: What is Pixime used for besides the main condition?

In addition to its main use, Pixime is officially indicated for the treatment of various bacterial infections. These include infections of the throat/tonsils (pharyngitis), ears (otitis media), acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, certain urinary tract infections, and uncomplicated gonorrhea. This information is detailed in the FDA and EMA labeling.

Q: How quickly is Pixime supposed to start working?

Clinical reports indicate that the onset of action, or when the drug begins to show effects against the bacteria, is within approximately 1 hour of administration. Patients typically begin to feel better during the first few days of treatment. The full prescribed course of the medication is typically taken to ensure complete resolution of the infection.

Q: If I miss a dose of Pixime, what should I do?

The general guidance in regulatory patient information describes a process where a missed dose is taken when remembered, unless it is close to the time of the next scheduled dose. If that is the case, the missed dose is skipped. Regulatory instructions indicate that the dose should not be doubled to compensate for a missed one.

Q: Does Pixime cause weight gain or weight loss?

Rapid weight gain is listed as a less common adverse reaction in post-marketing experience with the drug. This effect may sometimes indicate a fluid issue. However, general, sustained weight gain or loss as a primary side effect is not commonly cited in official labeling.

Q: Can Pixime affect my mood or sleep?

Official documents report nervous system disorders as potential adverse effects. These include side effects such as agitation, confusion, dizziness, and rare cases of depression or irritability, which may affect mental state. Official guidance instructs patients to report such effects to a healthcare professional.

Q: What happens if I stop taking Pixime suddenly?

Patients are consistently instructed by regulatory agencies to take the full prescribed course of the drug. Stopping treatment abruptly, even if feeling better, may lead to the worsening of the original condition and increase the risk of antibiotic resistance.

Q: What makes Pixime different from other drugs in the same class?

Pixime (Cefixime) is a third-generation cephalosporin and is particularly noted for its high stability in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. This stability allows it to work effectively against certain organisms that have developed resistance to earlier generation antibiotics.

Q: Is Pixime safe for older adults (65 and over)?

Elderly patients are generally eligible for the same dose as adults. However, official labeling notes that because age-related decreases in renal function are common, kidney function must be assessed in this population. Dosage should be adjusted if severe renal impairment is present.

Q: What should I do if a side effect of Pixime doesn't go away?

Regulatory patient information indicates that less serious side effects, such as mild diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting, which are severe or persistent, should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Q: Does Pixime show up on drug tests?

Pixime may interfere with certain laboratory tests. Official labeling states that the drug can cause false-positive results for glucose (sugar) in urine when using specific cupric sulfate-type testing products (e.g., Clinitest). It may also interfere with some urine ketone tests.

Q: Is it normal to feel tired when you first start Pixime?

Unusual tiredness or weakness and general fatigue are listed as less common adverse effects that have been reported with the use of the medication. This is a recognized, non-serious side effect noted in the official adverse reaction summaries.

Q: How long does the effect of one dose of Pixime last?

The elimination half-life of Pixime is approximately 3 to 4 hours, which is the time it takes for half of the drug to be removed from the body. The duration of its therapeutic effect is reported in clinical pharmacology studies to last for an average of 12 hours.

Q: What are the restrictions on using heavy machinery or driving while on Pixime?

Patients are advised that if side effects such as dizziness, confusion, encephalopathy (a brain disorder), or seizures occur, they should not operate heavy machinery or drive a vehicle. This restriction is based on the potential for nervous system effects.

Q: Is Pixime used to prevent a condition or only to treat it?

Pixime is officially indicated for the treatment of infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. Its role is generally described as treating an active bacterial infection, rather than preventing the onset of one.

Q: What happens if I take too much Pixime?

Overdose may carry an increased risk of serious adverse effects, including encephalopathy (a brain disorder), particularly in patients with renal impairment. Regulatory documents indicate that management typically involves general supportive and symptomatic care.

Q: Does Pixime have any known effects on fertility?

Reproduction studies conducted in animal models, such as mice and rats, have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility due to the drug. Information on fertility in humans is drawn from these findings and overall safety data.

Q: Where can I find the official regulatory information on Pixime?

Official drug information is publicly available through the websites of government health authorities. These sources include the US FDA (e.g., DailyMed), the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and its Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC), or the national regulatory body that approved the medicine.

Q: Does Pixime affect blood sugar levels?

Pixime may interfere with certain laboratory tests. Official labeling notes that the drug can cause false-positive results for glucose (sugar) in urine when using specific cupric sulfate-type testing products (e.g., Clinitest). It is not reported to directly alter blood sugar levels.

Q: Is it safe to drink alcohol while using Pixime?

The interaction between Pixime and alcohol is widely reported as unknown or not fully established in official regulatory documents. Regulatory guidelines often recommend discussing potential alcohol consumption with a healthcare professional.

How should Pixime be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Pixime (Cefixime)

The proper storage of Pixime (Cefixime) is defined by regulatory agencies to maintain its potency.

Storage Requirements

Product Form Temperature Constraint Stability / Constraint
Tablets / Dry Powder Controlled room temperature (20 C to 25 C) Keep container tightly closed; protect from freezing.
Reconstituted Suspension Room temperature OR refrigeration acceptable Must be discarded 14 days after mixing (reconstitution).

All forms must be stored safely out of the reach of children. The product must be protected from freezing and should be kept away from excessive heat, moisture, and direct light.

Disposal Instructions

Unused or expired medicine must be disposed of according to official government guidance. This includes utilizing drug take-back programs or following specific instructions for secure home disposal. Medicine should not be flushed down the toilet or disposed of in the household trash unless explicitly stated in official labeling.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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