Daolin

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Daolin

Medically reviewed

Rosario Oropesa

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Daolin

Quick Facts

Property Description
Active ingredient Prochlorperazine (often as maleate or edisylate salt)
Form Tablet, Oral Solution, Suppository, Injection
Pharmacological Class Antiemetic Agent, First-Generation Antipsychotic Agent
General Purpose Managing severe nausea, vomiting, and certain psychiatric conditions
Origin Synthetic, Small Molecule, Phenothiazine Derivative

What Type of Medicine is Daolin (Prochlorperazine)?

Daolin is a pharmaceutical preparation containing the active medicinal substance prochlorperazine, a compound structurally defined as a piperazine phenothiazine derivative. This synthetic small molecule is a single-ingredient product and is classified as having two primary roles: it functions as a potent antiemetic agent and as a first-generation (conventional) antipsychotic agent. The drug's dual classification is based on its ability to influence key chemical pathways in the central nervous system. Prochlorperazine is typically administered as one of its salt forms, such as prochlorperazine maleate or prochlorperazine edisylate. As an agent in the phenothiazine class, its core structure is related to other compounds known for acting on the central nervous system, establishing its identity within older, clinically recognized pharmacological groups.

General Purpose and Available Forms

The general purpose of Daolin is determined by its dual classification, allowing it to address conditions requiring both the control of the emetic reflex and the modulation of central brain activity. The drug's capacity as an antiemetic agent makes it useful for relieving severe, persistent nausea and vomiting. Furthermore, the drug is used in managing symptoms of major psychiatric conditions. To ensure the medicine can be administered even when oral intake is compromised, prochlorperazine is available in several high-level dosage forms, including oral tablets and oral solution for oral use, as well as suppositories for rectal administration. This range of forms provides flexibility when treating patients, where a non-oral route of administration may be required.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH

What side effects are possible with Daolin?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

The safety profile of Daolin (Prochlorperazine) is officially characterized by effects on the central nervous and vascular systems. Adverse reactions are classified by frequency based on regulatory standards.

Official Adverse Reactions and Frequencies

Classification Common Examples (from regulatory labels)
Common Sedation (drowsiness), dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, initial Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) such as Akathisia (restlessness) and Dystonia (involuntary muscle contractions).
Uncommon Skin reactions, photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight).
Rare / Not Known Severe blood dyscrasias like agranulocytosis.

Serious Safety Considerations

Regulatory documents emphasize specific serious risks. The FDA includes a Boxed Warning regarding increased mortality when the drug is used in older adults with dementia-related psychosis. The official labels also warn of Tardive Dyskinesia (TD), a syndrome of potentially irreversible, involuntary movements, and the risk of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS), a potentially fatal hyperthermic reaction.

Population and Contextual Safety Notes

The risk of Tardive Dyskinesia is associated with the duration of treatment and the total cumulative dose. Furthermore, Extrapyramidal Symptoms and sedation are generally reported as being more likely to occur early in the course of treatment or following dose adjustments. Use is restricted or contraindicated in patients with severe central nervous system depression (e.g., comatose states) and certain underlying conditions like severe hepatic impairment, as stated in the official prescribing information.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and When to Seek Help

A suspected overdose of Daolin (Prochlorperazine) requires immediate action due to the potential for severe clinical manifestations. Seek immediate emergency medical attention or call a national Poison Help line at once when overdose is suspected, as mandated by official health authorities.

Documented Manifestations and Outcomes Management Principles (Regulatory Guidance)
Central Nervous System: Severe drowsiness, somnolence, agitation, disorientation, convulsions (seizures), and sometimes coma. Extrapyramidal signs (EPS), such as muscle spasms and involuntary movements, are documented presentations. No known specific antidote is available for this overdose. Treatment is primarily symptomatic and supportive, and may include the use of activated charcoal and fluid replacement.
Life-Threatening Risks: Overdose carries the risk of severe cardiovascular events, including profound hypotension, tachycardia, EKG changes, and potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Respiratory compromise may also occur. Severe hypotension must be managed with suitable pressor agents like norepinephrine or phenylephrine; epinephrine must not be used as it may cause a paradoxical worsening of blood pressure.

Regulatory Note on Monitoring and Specific Populations: Hospital monitoring is required, and diagnostic evaluations such as the Electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood work are part of the assessment process to monitor cardiovascular status. For neonates exposed prenatally, specific concerns noted in regulatory documents include reports of prolonged jaundice and extrapyramidal signs.

Therapeutic Uses of Daolin

Quick Facts: Daolin

  • Therapeutic Domain: Used to support the management of high blood sugar.
  • Primary Use: Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.
  • Clinical Goal: To assist in regulating blood glucose levels.
  • Adjunctive Role: Used when diet, physical activity, and weight management alone do not achieve sufficient control.

Daolin is an oral treatment that assists in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-insulin-dependent diabetes) in adult patients. Its clinical function is to support the maintenance of appropriate blood glucose levels in individuals whose condition is not adequately addressed by dietary measures and physical activity alone. The primary benefit of using this medication is to help regulate blood sugar levels as a part of a comprehensive diabetes management plan, which typically includes monitoring blood glucose and making lifestyle adjustments.

Daolin is indicated for this therapeutic purpose to aid in blood sugar control when other primary, non-pharmacological interventions are insufficient. The goal of this intervention is to support the attainment of target blood sugar values for the patient.

Regulatory References

  1. Health Products Regulatory Authority regulatory overview

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Daolin (glibenclamide) is an oral medicine for adult patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus whose blood glucose levels are inadequately controlled by diet and exercise alone. It belongs to the sulfonylurea class.

Populations Who Must Not Use Daolin (Contraindications)

The medicine is strictly contraindicated and must not be used in several defined patient groups, including:

  • Patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus or related conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis or diabetic pre-coma.
  • Individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to glibenclamide, other sulfonylureas, or sulfonamides.
  • Patients experiencing severe impairment of renal (kidney) function or severe hepatic (liver) function.
  • Children, as safety and efficacy have not been established.
  • Pregnant women and breastfeeding women.
  • Patients receiving concurrent treatment with miconazole or bosentan.

Eligibility Requiring Special Consideration

Use in certain populations requires careful monitoring and often a reduction in dosage to minimize the risk of severe hypoglycemia. These include the elderly (aged 65 years and over), patients with mild to moderate kidney or liver impairment, and those with G6PD-deficiency (where a non-sulfonylurea alternative should be considered).

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

This section describes the officially documented interaction patterns for Daolin (Glibenclamide) based on regulatory labeling.

Formal Regulatory Restrictions

Classification Interacting Agent Rationale
Contraindicated Bosentan Inhibition of the Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) by both drugs, increasing the risk of elevated liver enzymes.
Contraindicated Miconazole Prohibited co-administration as listed in certain official drug labels.

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions

Co-administration with agents that affect the Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP 2C9) enzyme is an official consideration, as Glibenclamide is primarily metabolized via this pathway.

Exposure Modification: Co-administration may increase the plasma concentration and potential toxicity of drugs such as Cyclosporine.

Potentiation/Weakening: A large number of medicinal products are documented as either potentiating the blood-glucose-lowering effect (e.g., ACE Inhibitors, MAO Inhibitors) or weakening it (e.g., Corticosteroids, Diuretics). These interactions carry the formal risk of hypoglycemia or raised blood glucose levels, respectively. Sympatholytic drugs may mask the body's counter-regulatory signs of hypoglycemia.

Substance Interaction: Both acute and chronic consumption of alcohol is documented to either unpredictably potentiate or weaken the blood glucose lowering action. Elderly patients are noted to be particularly susceptible to the hypoglycaemic effect.

Mechanism of Action

Daolin (Prochlorperazine) works by acting as a high-affinity, non-selective antagonist across several key neurotransmitter receptor systems in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). Its physiological actions stem from two primary mechanistic domains.


Dopaminergic Pathway Blockade in the Emetic Center

This mechanism focuses on high-affinity antagonism of Dopamine D2 receptors, primarily targeting the Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CTZ). By blocking D2 receptors, Daolin suppresses the neural signaling cascade that transmits excitatory stimuli from the CTZ to the Vomiting Center, leading to the depression of the emetic reflex pathway.


Broad CNS and Autonomic System Modulation

This domain encompasses the drug's activity on D2 receptors in other brain regions (linked to specific signaling modulation), as well as antagonism at Histamine H1, alpha1-Adrenergic, and Muscarinic Cholinergic receptors. These concurrent actions contribute to the generalized Central Nervous System depression and result in altered regulation of Autonomic Nervous System functions, influencing both vascular tone and glandular activity.

Dosage and Administration Information

How Daolin (Prochlorperazine) is Used

Daolin administration varies by the formulation and condition being addressed. The medicine is available for three routes of administration: Oral (tablets, solution), Rectal (suppositories), and Parenteral (injection for intramuscular or intravenous use).


Official Usage Patterns

Use-Context Standard Dosing Range Key Administration Constraint
Severe Nausea/Vomiting 5 mg to 10 mg, 3 to 4 times daily Oral use is generally capped at 40 mg per day; IV injection must be a slow infusion (not to exceed 5 mg/min).
Non-Psychotic Anxiety 5 mg, 3 to 4 times daily Treatment is strictly limited to a maximum duration of 12 weeks; maximum daily dose is 20 mg.
Psychotic Disorders 50 mg to 150 mg daily, in divided doses Dosing typically involves gradual titration (increase) every 2 to 3 days until the desired control is achieved.

Form-Specific Requirements: Oral tablets can be taken with or without food. If a buccal tablet is used, it must be placed high up along the top gum and allowed to dissolve, as it must not be chewed or swallowed. For intramuscular administration, the injection must be given deeply into the upper buttock. Dosage is initiated at the lower end of the range and increased more gradually for older adults, and use is not permitted in children under 2 years of age or under 20 pounds.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Recent Clinical Evidence

Clinical evidence for Daolin is derived primarily from Phase 3 trials and subsequent pooled analyses, focusing on glycemic control and cardiovascular safety in adults with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Daolin is studied as an oral tablet and is considered a dual-action agent, meaning its effects relate to two distinct metabolic pathways.


Glycemic and Metabolic Outcomes

  • A1c Levels: Research evaluated Daolin's influence on the average blood sugar measure (HbA1c or A1c) in patients whose T2D was inadequately controlled by diet, exercise, or other medications. Trials examined the change in mean A1c across the cohorts compared to placebo or active control groups.
  • Body Weight: Studies also included data on changes in body weight. Reported findings included the mean difference in weight change versus placebo after a six-month observation period.

Cardiovascular Safety Research

  • Major Cardiovascular Events: Clinical research was designed to evaluate whether Daolin was associated with a lower risk of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attack or stroke, compared to standard care. The study protocols assessed non-inferiority, meaning they sought to determine if the treatment was not worse than existing options.
  • Blood Pressure: Investigators also examined Daolin's effects on blood pressure, noting changes in both systolic and diastolic measurements during the trial period.

Pharmacokinetics (PK) Research

Pharmacokinetics studies assessed how the body handles Daolin. Researchers explored whether taking the medication with a meal affected its absorption into the bloodstream. Safety and tolerability were generally assessed in all adult clinical trials.

  • Disclaimer: Suitability of this treatment option for any individual is determined by a healthcare provider.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Daolin (FAQ)

Q: How quickly do people typically start to feel a difference after starting Daolin?

A: Official information from regulatory documents indicates that the onset of action varies by the way the medicine is administered. Following oral administration, the effects generally begin after approximately 30 to 40 minutes. If the medicine is given by injection into the muscle, the onset of action is typically faster, starting within 10 to 20 minutes.


Q: Does taking Daolin affect lab test results?

A: Regulatory documents caution that the medicine's effects, particularly its antiemetic action (ability to stop vomiting), may mask signs of toxicity from other medicines or obscure the diagnosis of certain conditions. This is an important consideration for medical professionals when interpreting results from diagnostic evaluations.


Q: Can I take Daolin if I drink alcohol socially?

A: Official drug labels consistently state that concurrent use of this medicine and alcohol can increase the risk or severity of Central Nervous System (CNS) depression. Regulatory documents indicate that the use of alcohol is typically advised to be avoided or limited while using this medicine.


Q: Are there any specific vitamins or supplements that interact with Daolin?

A: Regulatory guidance often advises caution with any medicine or supplement that causes drowsiness or affects heart rhythm. This is because many herbal products and supplements are not tested in the same way as prescription medicines, and their exact interaction profile with Daolin is generally unknown.


Q: Does Daolin affect sleep patterns or cause insomnia?

A: Official safety documents list sedation (drowsiness) as a common adverse reaction associated with this medicine. Some reports of sleep disturbances, such as increased sleepiness (somnolence), are noted in clinical contexts.


Q: What should I avoid eating or drinking while taking Daolin?

A: Official prescribing information notes that alcohol consumption is generally advised to be avoided or limited due to the potential for increased CNS depression. Additionally, specific oral forms like buccal tablets come with the instruction that they must not be chewed or swallowed, which relates to proper intake conditions.


Q: Is it normal to feel a bit restless when first starting Daolin?

A: Official safety data lists Akathisia (a form of inner restlessness) and other Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) as common adverse reactions. Regulatory information notes that these types of effects are generally more likely to occur early in the course of treatment or when doses are being adjusted.


Q: Is it necessary to have regular check-ups while taking Daolin?

A: For individuals receiving long-term treatment for psychiatric conditions, official guidance suggests that the need for continued treatment should be reassessed periodically. Furthermore, patients with a history of certain blood conditions require frequent monitoring according to prescribing information.


Q: Is Daolin considered a first-line treatment for the condition it treats?

A: For certain indications, such as chronic psychotic illness, official guidance states that treatment should be reserved for patients for whom alternative, equally effective, but potentially less harmful treatments are not available or appropriate. This framing informs where the medicine fits into standard treatment strategies.


Q: Does Daolin stay in your system for a long time?

A: Official pharmacokinetic research reports that the elimination half-life of the active ingredient is typically in the range of 4 to 8 hours. This measurement, which reflects how long it takes for half of the medicine to be cleared, can differ slightly based on the method of administration.


Q: What happens if I forget to take Daolin for one day?

A: General patient guidance provided by authoritative sources advises that if a dose is missed, it should usually be skipped, and the next scheduled dose should be taken at the usual time. General patient guidance indicates that taking two doses at once to make up for a missed dose is not recommended.


Q: Can Daolin be taken by people who are generally healthy, or only those with a specific diagnosis?

A: Official documents define the medicine's approved uses as the control of severe nausea and vomiting and the treatment of schizophrenia (a major psychiatric condition). This indicates that the medicine is approved for use only in the context of treating specific, diagnosed medical conditions.


Q: Is Daolin related to [Name of a common but different drug, e.g., Aspirin]?

A: No, Daolin is officially classified as a phenothiazine derivative and belongs to the pharmacological class of first-generation (typical) antipsychotic agents. This pharmacological structure and classification are distinct from many common, over-the-counter medicines.


Q: Does Daolin affect fertility in men or women?

A: Some official reviews state that this medicine can increase levels of the hormone prolactin. This hormonal change may potentially cause a change in menstrual periods in women and may be associated with erectile dysfunction in men.


Q: Is there a generic version of Daolin available?

A: Yes, the active ingredient in Daolin, prochlorperazine, is widely available as a generic medication. Regulatory bodies require that generic medicines must contain the same active ingredients, strength, and dosage form as the brand-name drug.


Q: Why do official sources sometimes mention different uses for Daolin?

A: This is due to the medicine's core pharmacological properties, which allow it to serve two distinct roles. It is officially classified as both a potent antiemetic agent (for nausea/vomiting) and as a first-generation antipsychotic agent (for psychiatric conditions).


Q: Have there been any major studies on Daolin's long-term safety?

A: While regulatory warnings focus on potential risks, they emphasize that the risk of Tardive Dyskinesia (a serious, involuntary movement disorder) is associated with the duration of treatment and the total cumulative dose. This shows that long-term use is a known regulatory consideration that requires careful attention.


Q: Does Daolin interact with common cold or flu medications?

A: Regulatory guidance advises caution when combining Daolin with other medicines that cause drowsiness or sedation. This warning applies to many common cold and flu preparations, and official patient information often notes that checking the labels of over-the-counter products for certain ingredients is a helpful step.


Q: Can I use products containing [Common ingredient, e.g., St. John's Wort] while on Daolin?

A: Official patient information often states there is not enough information to confirm that complementary medicines, herbal remedies, and supplements are safe to take with this medicine. These products are generally not formally tested for the specific effect they have on prescription drugs.


Q: Is it common for people to stop Daolin treatment after a certain period?

A: For one of its labeled uses (non-psychotic anxiety), regulatory documents strictly limit the duration of treatment to a maximum of 12 weeks. Furthermore, for long-term use, a gradual dose reduction is often recommended to prevent potential withdrawal symptoms.


Q: Does the time of day matter when taking Daolin?

A: Official directions for some formulations indicate they can be taken with or without food. For medicines prescribed to be taken multiple times a day (e.g., three to four times daily), the timing is intended to provide a continuous therapeutic effect.


Q: Is there a specific diet I should follow while taking Daolin?

A: Official documents do not mandate a general dietary restriction while taking Daolin. However, there is a specific caution regarding alcohol consumption due to its potential to interact with the medicine and increase side effects.


Q: How does Daolin compare to similar drugs used for the same purpose, without stating which is 'better'?

A: Daolin belongs to the phenothiazine class, which is a group of compounds related to other medicines that act on the central nervous system. This classification places it within older, clinically recognized pharmacological groups used for antiemetic and antipsychotic purposes.


Q: What is the difference between the brand name and generic versions of Daolin?

A: Regulatory agencies confirm that generic medications must contain the same active ingredients at the same strength, in the same dosage form, and with the same route of administration as the brand-name drug. However, they are permitted to differ in inactive ingredients, such as fillers, dyes, or flavorings.


Q: Do lifestyle factors affect how well Daolin works?

A: Regulatory warnings specifically address the interaction with alcohol consumption, which is considered a lifestyle factor that can significantly modify the medicine's effect. No other general lifestyle factors (like exercise or smoking) are specified in the official warnings.


Q: Are there known issues with taking Daolin before or after surgery?

A: Official prescribing information includes specific dosing protocols for the medicine's use 1 to 2 hours before anesthesia or for controlling severe symptoms during or after surgery. This indicates its use is a recognized consideration in the perioperative setting.


Q: Why is it important to follow the recommended use conditions for Daolin?

A: The importance is noted by the severe risks outlined in regulatory warnings, such as the potential for Tardive Dyskinesia and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS). These risks are closely linked to following the correct dosage and duration of treatment.


Q: Can I take pain relievers like [Common OTC drug, e.g., Tylenol] while on Daolin?

A: Regulatory documents advise caution when combining Daolin with agents that increase the risk or severity of CNS depression or that may affect seizure risk. Official patient information indicates that checking product compatibility is a common safety practice.

How should Daolin be stored and disposed of?

Daolin must be stored strictly according to the conditions defined in the official regulatory documentation to maintain product integrity and stability.

Official Storage and Disposal Requirements

Requirement Description (as per regulatory documents)
Storage Temperature Store at a temperature below 25°C.
Packaging Rule The medicine must be kept in its original container.
Child Protection Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.
Disposal Dispose of any unused product or waste material according to local requirements for pharmaceutical waste.

These mandated conditions ensure the product retains its labeled 3-year shelf-life.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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