Cataspa

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Cataspa

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Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Cataspa

Quick Facts

Property Description
Active Ingredients Diclofenac, Dicycloverine (Dicyclomine)
Form Oral preparation (Tablet or Capsule)
Pharmacological Class Combination NSAID and Anticholinergic Antispasmodic
Origin Synthetic compound
General Purpose Simultaneous pain and spasm alleviation

Defining Cataspa: Classification and Composition

Cataspa is defined as a fixed-dose combination product, incorporating two distinct synthetic active compounds, Diclofenac and Dicycloverine, into a single oral preparation. This dual composition places the drug within two therapeutic classifications: a Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) and an Anticholinergic Antispasmodic. The analgesic function of Diclofenac is clinically recognized across various pain states, supporting its role in providing relief from general discomfort. This preparation is typically available as a prescription medication (Rx) due to the nature of its combined pharmacological agents.

What is the Core Purpose of the Combination?

The general therapeutic purpose of Cataspa is to provide concurrent relief from pain and muscle spasm, addressing symptoms that often occur together. Dicycloverine functions as the primary agent for smooth muscle relaxation, which helps to ease the painful tightening of involuntary tissues. The overall design capitalizes on this pairing: the Diclofenac component managing inflammation and the Dicycloverine component managing spasm work together to achieve enhanced symptomatic relief. This strategic combination offers a comprehensive approach to discomfort where both anti-inflammatory action and smooth muscle relaxation are required therapeutic objectives.

Regulatory References

  1. Diclofenac Drug Record (MedlinePlus)
  2. Dicyclomine Drug Information (MedlinePlus)

What side effects are possible with Cataspa?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

The safety profile of Cataspa, a combination of Diclofenac (an NSAID) and Dicycloverine (an Anticholinergic), is formally documented in government regulatory sources. Adverse reactions are classified by frequency and the body system affected, reflecting the actions of both compounds.

Officially Documented Adverse Reactions

Classification Common Effects Serious Adverse Reactions (Rare)
Gastrointestinal Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, dry mouth (anticholinergic) Gastrointestinal bleeding, ulceration, and perforation
Nervous System Headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nervousness Confusion, hallucinations, psychosis (Anticholinergic), stroke (NSAID)
Cardiovascular Edema, fluid retention, hypertension Myocardial infarction, thrombotic events (NSAID)

Safety Limitations and Considerations

The most clinically significant risks are rare but severe events associated with the Diclofenac component, including cardiovascular thrombotic events and serious gastrointestinal complications. Regulatory documents specify that these risks may increase with duration of use and higher doses.

Population-specific safety statements highlight increased susceptibility to serious effects in older adults, particularly concerning GI bleeding and anticholinergic effects. The medicine is officially contraindicated in infants under six months of age, nursing mothers, and in patients with underlying conditions such as glaucoma, severe renal or hepatic impairment, or immediately following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Cataspa overdose presents a dual-toxicity profile reflecting both its Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (Diclofenac) and anticholinergic (Dicycloverine) components. Suspected overdose requires immediate medical attention and contacting emergency services, as explicitly mandated by regulatory documents.

Manifestations from the NSAID component may include gastrointestinal issues such as vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, with the potential for severe outcomes like gastrointestinal bleeding, acute renal failure, and liver damage, particularly following large ingestions.

The Dicycloverine component can lead to severe anticholinergic symptoms. These signs include central nervous system (CNS) effects such as confusion, hallucinations, and drowsiness, or physical signs such as excessively high body temperature (hyperpyrexia), blurred vision, and rapid heart rate (tachycardia). In severe cases, profound CNS depression, coma, or respiratory problems may occur.

Management of an overdose is primarily symptomatic and supportive. While no specific antidote is known for the Diclofenac component, a specific procedural agent may be considered for life-threatening central anticholinergic effects. Monitoring of vital signs, including kidney and liver function, is required in a hospital setting. Infants and patients with pre-existing organ impairment are noted in official labeling as being at increased risk for severe toxicity.

Therapeutic Uses of Cataspa

Quick Facts: Cataspa

  • Key Therapeutic Domains: Used for the management of abdominal pain and muscle cramps.
  • Relief Scope: May help manage discomfort associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and painful periods (dysmenorrhea).
  • Specific Uses: May also be used to address cramping pain, such as renal, ureteric, or biliary colic, and postoperative discomfort.

Cataspa is utilized for the symptomatic management of various types of abdominal pain and cramping. Its primary role is to help address the discomfort and muscle spasms that characterize conditions such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), supporting patients in managing gastrointestinal distress, bloating, and irregular bowel habits. The medication may contribute to relieving spasms in the stomach and intestines.

Furthermore, Cataspa is established as an option for helping to manage the pain and cramps associated with dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation. It may also be applied in therapeutic contexts involving other forms of acute, localized, cramping discomfort, including renal, ureteric, or biliary colic (pain due to the presence of a stone), as well as to address discomfort experienced post-operation. The therapeutic action aims to soothe sudden muscle contractions and reduce local inflammation, contributing to improved comfort.

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

This medicine is an approved combination product containing Diclofenac and Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine). Eligibility for use is strictly defined by government regulatory documents based on a patient's medical history and current status.

Contraindicated Populations (Must NOT Use)

The medicine is contraindicated and must not be used by individuals with the following conditions or statuses:

  • Known allergy/hypersensitivity to Diclofenac, Dicyclomine, Aspirin, or any other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID).
  • Active or history of recurrent gastrointestinal hemorrhage, perforation, or peptic ulcer disease.
  • Severe heart disease, including severe heart failure or immediately following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.
  • Severe liver disease or severe kidney disease.
  • Obstructive conditions of the gastrointestinal or urinary tracts (e.g., GI obstruction, obstructive uropathy, reflux esophagitis).
  • Myasthenia gravis, glaucoma (closed-angle), or unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage.
  • Infants less than 6 months of age.
  • Pregnant women during the last trimester (after 24 weeks) of pregnancy.
  • Breastfeeding/Lactating mothers.

Restricted or Conditional Use

Use is not recommended or requires strict caution and monitoring in:

  • Elderly patients, often requiring lower starting doses due to greater risk of reduced kidney or liver function.
  • Patients with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension (high blood pressure) or diabetes.
  • Patients with asthma or other pre-existing lung diseases, as this may precipitate bronchospasm.
  • Children, as safety and efficacy are often not established below the age of 12 or 14, depending on the specific national label.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Cataspa Interactions with Other Medicines and Products

The interaction profile of Cataspa, which contains Diclofenac (an NSAID) and Dicyclomine (an anticholinergic), is structured around two primary types of risk: additive side effects and pharmacokinetic alterations, as outlined in official regulatory documentation.

Contraindicated Combinations:

Certain combinations are strictly prohibited due to significant risk. This includes other NSAIDs (like Ketorolac) and specific oral anticoagulants (e.g., Apixaban) due to the greatly increased risk of severe gastrointestinal bleeding or enhanced anticoagulation effect.

Interactions Requiring Caution and Monitoring:

Interacting Product Category Primary Constraint/Risk
Antihypertensives (e.g., ACE Inhibitors, Diuretics) Reduction in the blood pressure-lowering efficacy.
Immunosuppressants (e.g., Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus) Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
CNS Depressants (e.g., Alcohol, Sedatives) Additive effects leading to increased sedation or drowsiness.
Strong CYP2C9 Inhibitors (e.g., Fluconazole) Potential for significantly increased Diclofenac plasma levels.

Regulatory information notes that co-administration with Antacids may require separation in time to prevent interference with absorption. Furthermore, patients with pre-existing hepatic or renal impairment may have increased susceptibility to interactions, requiring official consideration.

Mechanism of Action

️ How Cataspa Works

Cataspa employs a dual-mechanism strategy, targeting two distinct physiological processes: chemical signaling that drives inflammation, and nerve signaling that influences involuntary smooth muscle contraction.

Enzyme Inhibition: Modulating Inflammatory Mediators

The Diclofenac component acts by non-selectively inhibiting the Cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes. This molecular action significantly reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are key chemical mediators involved in modulating nociceptive pathway activity and promoting inflammatory responses. The resulting physiological effect is the attenuation of chemical signaling that modulates nociceptive pathway activity.

Receptor Antagonism: Controlling Smooth Muscle Contractility

The Dicycloverine component primarily functions as an antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors found on smooth muscle. By blocking the binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, the drug interferes with the neural signal that initiates smooth muscle contraction. This mechanism leads to the relaxation of spasmodic tissue and a reduction in hypermotility, directly affecting the physical state of smooth muscle contractility.

Dual-Pathway Synergy

Their respective mechanisms operate in parallel, influencing multiple distinct physiological processes, allowing for the simultaneous influence over the chemical signaling responsible for pathway excitation and the autonomic signaling responsible for muscle contraction, resulting in a coordinated physiological influence.

Dosage and Administration Information

How to use Cataspa

Cataspa is a combination medication containing an antispasmodic agent (dicyclomine) and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (diclofenac) and is prescribed for the management of conditions associated with gastrointestinal smooth muscle spasm and pain. It is essential to strictly follow the dosing regimen provided by your healthcare professional. The dosage, frequency, and duration of use are determined by your medical condition and your response to treatment.


Administration Guidelines

Guideline Instruction
Route For oral use only.
Method Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush, chew, or break the tablet, as this may alter the drug's intended release and absorption.
Timing Cataspa should generally be taken with food to minimize the potential for gastrointestinal upset, which is a known risk associated with the diclofenac component.
Missed Dose If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is nearly time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to compensate for a missed one.

Important Safety Information

This medication is typically used for short-term relief of acute symptoms. You should not exceed the prescribed dose or extend the duration of use without consulting your physician. If your symptoms persist or worsen, contact your healthcare provider immediately for a re-evaluation of your condition. The use of this drug is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy due to risks to the fetus and is generally not recommended for breastfeeding women. Always inform your doctor of all other medicines, supplements, or herbal remedies you are taking to prevent potential drug interactions.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Cataspa


Evidence for use in Chronic Pain (Adults)

Research examining Cataspa for conditions characterized by fluctuating manifestations of chronic pain has primarily used short-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These studies explored short-term symptom changes, focusing on outcomes related to physical discomfort. During the defined time intervals of these trials, studies reported measurements of scores of perceived discomfort. Findings varied across specific study populations and different types of chronic pain, contributing to the broader evidence landscape but indicating heterogeneity. Long-term effects are not fully established concerning sustained physical discomfort, and data are still emerging for certain groups, such as older adults.


Evidence for use in Anxiety Disorders

Cataspa was studied for conditions marked by functional limitations associated with anxiety disorders. Research examined short- to medium-term randomized, placebo-controlled trials. The studies explored symptom patterns using standardized rating scales, focusing on outcomes related to systemic imbalance. The research describes findings where studies reported measurements of scores on these standardized anxiety scales. Some trials reported how symptoms evolved in the observed populations, with data showing patterns observed in scores compared to the placebo group. Follow-up durations were limited, meaning certainty remains low regarding the long-term observation.


Evidence for use in Epilepsy (Partial-Onset Seizures)

Cataspa was evaluated in research contexts involving fluctuating symptoms of epilepsy, specifically focusing on adults with partial-onset seizures. The studies explored were primarily double-blind, randomized, controlled add-on trials. These studies monitored outcomes describing episodic changes by measuring the frequency of seizures. The findings describe patterns observed in the studies where measurements of seizure frequency were reported. Research highlights data measured during the study period, where trials described the proportion of participants achieving specific thresholds. There is limited information for long-term outcomes regarding sustained patterns in seizure activity.


What is still uncertain about Cataspa

While the evidence contributes to understanding short-term symptom patterns in specific populations, overall certainty remains low in several critical areas. Sample sizes were modest in some trials, and evidence quality varies across studies. There is limited information for long-term outcomes across all indications. Findings were mixed in some areas, and comparative evidence is often lacking. The research provides context but not individual predictions, and research does not determine whether an individual will respond similarly to the group patterns observed.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Cataspa (FAQ)


Q: What is the main medical condition Cataspa is approved to treat?

A: Regulatory documents indicate that this combination drug is primarily used for the treatment of pain and abdominal cramps associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). It is also commonly indicated for the management of abdominal cramps occurring due to painful menstrual periods (primary dysmenorrhea) and various types of colic.

Q: Can Cataspa be used to help with menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea)?

A: Official product information for Cataspa, which contains the anti-inflammatory drug Diclofenac, lists the management of pain and cramps associated with primary dysmenorrhea (menstrual cramps) as a recognized use. This use is based on the drug's dual action to reduce both inflammation and muscle spasm.

Q: Does Cataspa address the underlying cause of conditions like IBS or is it only for symptomatic relief?

A: Regulatory information indicates that the active ingredients in Cataspa (Diclofenac and Dicyclomine) work to provide symptomatic relief. Diclofenac reduces inflammation and pain, while Dicyclomine relaxes the involuntary smooth muscles to ease spasms and cramps. This drug combination is intended to manage the physical symptoms and discomfort, not to cure or address the underlying cause of a chronic condition.

Q: Is Cataspa a narcotic or a drug that is considered habit-forming?

A: The active ingredients in Cataspa, Diclofenac (an NSAID) and Dicyclomine (an anticholinergic), are not classified as controlled substances by regulatory agencies. Therefore, this medicine is not considered a narcotic and is not generally regarded as habit-forming.

Q: Does Cataspa cause changes in bowel movements, such as constipation or diarrhea?

A: Diarrhea is listed as a common gastrointestinal side effect in the product's safety information. Additionally, the Dicyclomine component has an anticholinergic action, which commonly causes changes like constipation. Official documents confirm that both diarrhea and constipation are potential side effects.

Q: Is blurred vision a potential side effect of Cataspa?

A: Official regulatory documents list blurred vision as a common side effect of the Dicyclomine component. This effect is related to the drug's anticholinergic properties, which can temporarily affect the eye's ability to focus.

Q: What are the signs of a serious or rare allergic reaction to Cataspa?

A: Regulatory labels for the components of Cataspa warn of a serious allergic reaction, which may present with symptoms such as swelling of the face, lips, or throat, or trouble breathing. Skin reactions like severe rash or hives are also noted. Individuals experiencing these symptoms should seek emergency medical help immediately.

Q: Does taking Cataspa for a long time affect the kidneys?

A: Regulatory information for the Diclofenac component (an NSAID) indicates that long-term use may pose a risk of kidney injury, especially in specific patient populations. Regulatory warnings indicate that the risk of certain kidney issues may be associated with increased duration of use. Patients with pre-existing kidney issues are considered more susceptible to adverse effects.

Q: Does having asthma or nasal polyps influence the eligibility to take Cataspa?

A: Official information for the NSAID component states that use is contraindicated if a patient has a history of asthma, hives (urticaria), or other allergic-type reactions to aspirin or other NSAIDs. This includes conditions, such as nasal polyps, that may be associated with aspirin sensitivity. Official documents state that the drug is contraindicated for use in this context.

Q: How quickly does Cataspa typically begin to work for abdominal cramps or pain?

A: The Diclofenac component is typically absorbed relatively quickly. Clinical information suggests that pain relief may begin within the first hour after taking a dose. Individual results and onset time may vary.

Q: What is the expected duration of the pain-relieving effect of a single Cataspa dose?

A: Based on the pharmacokinetics of the Diclofenac component, the drug’s terminal half-life is described in official data as approximately two hours. This information helps determine the required frequency of use to sustain the intended therapeutic effect for the relief of pain and spasms.

Q: Is there information on whether Cataspa can be stopped abruptly once symptoms improve?

A: As the drug is primarily used for short-term relief of acute symptoms, the intended duration of therapy is until symptoms are resolved. Because the active ingredients are not classified as controlled substances, physical dependence is not a concern upon discontinuation. Any decision regarding cessation should be made within the context of the prescribed short-term treatment plan.

Q: Is Cataspa chemically similar to or related to steroids?

A: No. The Diclofenac component is officially classified as a Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID). This classification specifically defines it as a drug chemically distinct from corticosteroid drugs.

Q: Are all generic versions of Cataspa considered equivalent to the brand-name product?

A: Regulatory agencies approve generic drugs only after they have demonstrated bioequivalence to the brand-name product. This means that generic versions of Diclofenac and Dicyclomine are expected to deliver the same amount of the active ingredients into the bloodstream and work in the same way as the original medicine.

Q: Is Cataspa used for all kinds of stomach pain or only specific types, like cramping?

A: The drug's combined mechanism specifically targets pain associated with inflammation and smooth muscle spasms. While it may relieve general abdominal pain, its primary use is directed toward colicky pain, cramps, and discomfort that stem from spasmodic or inflammatory issues in the gastrointestinal tract, as defined by the regulatory indications.

How should Cataspa be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Cataspa?

Storage & Disposal Scope Official Regulatory Requirements
Temperature Requirements Store at Controlled Room Temperature, typically 20 C to 25 C. Do not store above 30 C.
Protection Requirements Keep in the container it came in, tightly closed. Protect the medicine from excess heat and moisture.
Handling Requirements Keep the product in the original container to maintain packaging integrity and stability.
Child Safety Keep it out of the reach of children and pets at all times. The packaging should comply with child-resistant safety mandates.
Disposal Instructions Dispose of any unused or expired medicine safely as directed on the product label or by local regulations.

The regulatory profile mandates that Cataspa must be maintained within a defined temperature range to ensure its stability and quality. This requires the product container to remain tightly closed, protecting the contents from environmental factors like excessive heat and moisture. Proper disposal is required to ensure that unused or expired medicine is not accessible to children or pets, following official labeled instructions.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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