Supradol

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Medically reviewed

Marina Burgos

Last updated on 10/01/2026

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Supradol

Supradol: At a Glance

Property Description
Active Ingredient Ketorolac tromethamine
Form Oral tablets, injectable solution, ophthalmic drops
Pharmacological Class Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
Common Use Acute, short-term pain relief (moderate to severe)
Origin Synthetic (chemically manufactured)

Supradol is a medication whose active ingredient, ketorolac tromethamine, is a powerful, non-opioid compound primarily used for its pain-relieving effects. Its main function is to offer short-term relief from pain, particularly in severe acute scenarios where a swift and strong intervention is required. It is clinically recognized for providing significant analgesia, often utilized in settings such as post-operative care following major surgical procedures.


What Type of Medicine is Supradol?

Supradol (ketorolac) is classified as a Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID), belonging to the pyrrolo-pyrrole chemical group. This active ingredient is a synthetic compound, manufactured to deliver targeted therapeutic properties, distinguishing it from naturally derived medicines.

Its high potency is a key differentiating feature that sets it apart from many general-purpose, over-the-counter NSAIDs. This potency underscores its role in prescription-level pain management.


What Is Supradol Used to Treat Generally?

The general therapeutic purpose of Supradol is the management of acute, time-limited pain. Ketorolac is utilized for managing acute pain, such as that experienced following surgical procedures. This focus on limited-duration therapy is a critical differentiating factor, as the drug is explicitly not intended for the management of chronic, long-term pain conditions.

What side effects are possible with Supradol?

Possible side effects and safety information

The official safety information for Supradol (ketorolac tromethamine) is defined by its role as a potent Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID), leading to explicit constraints on its use for short-term pain relief. The regulatory profile emphasizes risks that are primarily dose- and duration-dependent, with a strict limit that the total treatment duration must not exceed five days across all formulations.


Documented Adverse Reactions and Safety Constraints

Adverse reactions are classified by frequency and system-organ class in regulatory labeling. The most serious risks are highlighted in Boxed Warnings in official US labeling and include potentially fatal gastrointestinal events (ulceration, bleeding, perforation) and serious cardiovascular thrombotic events (myocardial infarction and stroke). These serious events may occur at any time during use, even without warning symptoms.

System-Organ Class Common Adverse Reactions (1% to 10%)
Gastrointestinal Dyspepsia, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea
Nervous System Headache, dizziness, drowsiness
General Edema, hypertension, abnormal renal function

High-Level Safety Considerations

Specific safety restrictions are noted for certain groups. Older adults are documented as being at a greater risk for serious gastrointestinal adverse events. The medication is explicitly contraindicated in patients with a history of active GI bleeding or peptic ulcers, in advanced renal impairment, and in the peri-operative setting of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. Other contraindications include a history of hypersensitivity to other NSAIDs and suspected cerebrovascular bleeding. The risk of serious adverse events is known to increase with the duration of use.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and When to Seek Help

The official regulatory profile for an overdose of Supradol (ketorolac tromethamine) details the recognized manifestations of acute Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) toxicity.

Documented Manifestations and Severe Outcomes

Acute overdose exposure may present with gastrointestinal symptoms such as epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Other officially documented clinical signs include lethargy, drowsiness, hyperventilation, gastrointestinal bleeding, and renal dysfunction. While many symptoms are reversible with care, rare but severe outcomes listed in regulatory documents include acute renal failure, respiratory depression, and coma.

Emergency Action and Management

Immediate medical attention must be sought if signs of severe hypersensitivity, such as an anaphylactoid reaction, occur. The regulatory basis for managing overdose is strictly symptomatic and supportive care because no specific antidote is known. Procedures like the administration of activated charcoal may be considered in symptomatic individuals or following the ingestion of a large oral overdose. Treatments such as hemodialysis or forced diuresis are documented as not useful due to the drug’s high plasma protein binding.

Therapeutic Uses of Supradol

The primary therapeutic use of Supradol (ketorolac) is the limited-duration management of acute symptoms that create noticeable physiological strain. The medication is generally indicated for the short-term symptomatic support of moderately severe acute pain.


Managing Discomfort After Surgery and Acute Crises

This medicine is relevant for managing discomfort in clinical settings, such as following major surgical procedures and during conditions associated with acute or disruptive episodes. The medication is commonly used when short-term symptomatic assistance is needed and may assist with managing symptoms that interfere with daily comfort. This includes conditions presenting with severe manifestations, such as postoperative pain, acute musculoskeletal discomfort, and the pain associated with renal colic or severe migraine headaches.


Quick Fact: Symptomatic Relief for Acute Episodes

Focus Description
Symptom Type Symptoms related to heightened physiological activity and inflammatory or irritative states.
Use Context Postoperative care, settings involving acute or unstable symptom patterns.
Key Benefit Contributes to easing the overall symptom load and helps improve day-to-day comfort.

Regulatory References

  1. NIH DailyMed resource

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Eligibility Map: Who Can and Cannot Use Supradol — Official Regulatory Information

This section outlines the official population eligibility and non-eligibility rules for Supradol (ketorolac tromethamine) as mandated by government regulatory agencies.

Category Official Regulatory Statement
Populations for whom use is allowed (as stated in label): Adult patients (generally 16 years of age) for the short-term management (maximum 5 days) of moderately severe acute pain [1.5, 1.7].
Populations for whom use is contraindicated: Patients with active or previous GI bleeding/ulcers, advanced renal impairment, or known bleeding disorders (e.g., cerebrovascular bleeding) [1.1]. Patients currently receiving aspirin or other NSAIDs or undergoing CABG surgery [1.1, 1.7].
Age-related eligibility rules: Oral tablets are NOT indicated for use in pediatric patients [1.9]. Older adults (65 years) require caution and reduced dosages [1.7, 2.7].
Condition-specific eligibility rules: Use with caution in patients with hypertension, heart failure, or impaired liver function [2.4, 2.8].
Pregnancy and lactation eligibility status (if explicitly documented): Contraindicated during labor and delivery and in nursing mothers [1.1, 2.6]. Avoid use in pregnant women starting at 20 weeks gestation and later [3.5].
Eligibility-related restrictions: Use is restricted to a maximum of 5 days for the total combined duration of all formulations [1.5].

The regulatory documents define eligibility through absolute prohibitions, mandating that use is contraindicated for populations based on clinical risk (GI, renal, bleeding) and physiological state (pregnancy/lactation) [1.1, 2.4]. Eligibility is strictly confined to adults for a short, fixed duration of use, with mandated caution for the elderly and those with less severe organ impairment [1.5, 2.7].

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

The interaction profile of Supradol (ketorolac tromethamine) is formally documented around specific pharmacological risks and pharmacokinetic changes, as stated in government regulatory labeling. Co-administration is officially contraindicated with several classes of agents.


Official Interaction Prohibitions

Classification Substances with Documented Prohibitions
Cumulative Toxicity Risk Other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Elevated Exposure Risk Probenecid, Lithium salts
Hemorrhage Risk Pentoxifylline, Warfarin (specifically for injectable form)

Pharmacodynamic and Exposure Interactions

Ketorolac may engage in Pharmacodynamic Risk Reinforcement when co-administered with drugs that interfere with hemostasis, such as anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and SSRIs, leading to an increased risk of serious bleeding events. Concomitant use with diuretics or antihypertensive medicines (ACE Inhibitors, ARBs) may reduce their effectiveness and, in high-risk patients, can be associated with a decline in renal function. Co-administration with Aspirin reduces the drug's protein binding, resulting in a potential increase in unbound ketorolac plasma levels. Officially, there is no evidence that ketorolac inhibits or induces drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP). The extent of absorption is not affected by antacids or food, though a high-fat meal can delay time to peak concentration.

Mechanism of Action

Dual Inhibition of the Cyclooxygenase Enzyme

Supradol (ketorolac tromethamine) functions as a non-selective inhibitor of the Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme system, targeting both the constitutive COX-1 and the inducible COX-2 forms. By competitively blocking the enzyme's active site, the drug halts the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins, which are chemical mediators that promote inflammation and heightened pain signaling.


Modulating Central and Peripheral Pain Signaling

The subsequent sharp reduction in prostaglandin levels modulates the nociceptive signaling pathway at both peripheral and central sites. The mechanism prevents the chemical sensitization of nerve endings at the point of injury and also dampens the amplification of pain signals within the central nervous system (CNS), which leads to a physiological modulation of pain signaling.


Constraints on Homeostatic Pathways

A key consequence inherent to the mechanism is its non-selective action on COX-1, which also inhibits homeostatic prostaglandins required for essential physiological functions. This dual activity temporarily influences systems governing gastric mucosal maintenance and platelet function, a direct physiological consequence of the non-selective enzyme inhibition.

Dosage and Administration Information

How Supradol (Ketorolac) is Used: Standard Administration Guidelines

Supradol is primarily administered via Intravenous (IV) injection, Intramuscular (IM) injection, or as oral tablets, following established guidelines to manage acute, short-term symptoms.

Standard Dosing and Duration Principles

Administration Detail Standard Adult Regimen Special Population Regimen
Total Duration Limit The total combined use (IV, IM, and Oral) must not exceed 5 days. Same 5-day total duration limit.
IV/IM Multiple Dose 30 mg every 6 hours; maximum 120 mg/ day. 15 mg every 6 hours; maximum 60 mg/ day.
Oral Use 10 mg every 4 to 6 hours; maximum 40 mg/ day. 10 mg every 4 to 6 hours; maximum 40 mg/ day.

Contextual Use Instructions

  1. Route Transition: The oral tablet formulation is indicated only as a continuation therapy following initial treatment with the injectable (IV or IM) form. Oral administration is not to be used as an initial dose.
  2. Special Populations: The reduced maximum daily dose (e.g., 60 mg/ day parenteral) applies to patients 65 years of age, those weighing less than 50 kg, or those with moderately elevated serum creatinine.
  3. IV Administration: Intravenous bolus doses must be administered slowly, over a minimum period of no less than 15 seconds.

These guidelines define a short-course protocol for use, requiring adherence to low-frequency dosing, specific maximum daily limits, and a five-day total treatment cap.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Supradol (Ketorolac)

The clinical evaluation of Supradol (ketorolac) primarily involves controlled research exploring short-term symptom patterns related to acute pain. This overview summarizes the structure of the evidence base, including what has been studied and what remains less certain, according to authoritative sources.


Evidence for Use in Postoperative Pain Management

The research base primarily involves short-term Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and Systematic Reviews that explore Supradol’s use for pain following major surgery. These studies examined outcomes related to physical discomfort and physiological strain during the immediate recovery phase. Trials typically compare ketorolac to either an inactive substance (placebo) or established pain relief medicines. The findings describe patterns observed in the studies, where the administration of ketorolac was associated with measured changes in reported pain scores. Furthermore, research explored whether ketorolac was associated with differences in the patient-reported use of opioid medication, with studies reporting data showing patterns related to lower opioid consumption in the observed populations during the study period. What remains less certain are the outcomes of using the medicine beyond the immediate recovery window, as follow-up durations were strictly controlled and limited.


Evidence for Use in Acute Pain Crises

Research has also explored the use of the injectable formulation of Supradol in settings involving conditions associated with acute or disruptive episodes, such as severe pain related to kidney stones (renal colic) or severe migraine headaches. For renal colic, the evidence is largely derived from RCTs conducted in emergency settings, comparing the injectable form of Supradol to other established analgesic treatments. Findings indicate that the measured changes in pain intensity observed in studies were studied alongside the patterns seen with other established analgesic treatments. However, this high-level evidence is primarily based on the injectable form, and comparative evidence is lacking for the use of the oral tablet in an outpatient setting.


Long-Term Studies and Follow-Up Data

The research base explores acute pain within a short-term intervention model. Due to regulatory limitations, the follow-up durations in the key clinical trials were strictly controlled and limited to five days or less for the total combined treatment period. Consequently, research does not explore, and there is limited information for long-term outcomes, the durability of response, or the effects of extended use. The clinical evidence contributes to understanding symptom patterns only within the context of temporary physiological imbalance and does not characterize the safety or effectiveness of using the medicine for chronic, long-term conditions.


Evidence in Special Populations

Research has explored how Supradol was evaluated in certain age-defined groups. Studies have included defined groups of older adults undergoing surgery, where research settings examined the measured outcomes in this age group compared to younger adults. Research is often complicated by the presence of other existing conditions, meaning subgroup findings are uncertain due to variability. Similarly, while Supradol was studied for short-term pain in certain pediatric surgical settings, the total volume and scope of controlled data for children and adolescents remains insufficient compared to the adult population. For other populations, such as pregnant individuals, evidence is limited and data for certain groups remain insufficient.

Key Studies & References

  1. NIH DailyMed: Ketorolac Tromethamine Label Information and Indications for Short-term Use
  2. MedlinePlus: Ketorolac (Systemic) Drug Information

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Supradol (FAQ)


Q: How quickly can someone typically expect Supradol to start working?

Official pharmacological documents describe the pain-relieving effects typically beginning within 30 minutes after administration, particularly with the injectable forms. Regulatory data indicates that the highest measured concentration in the body, associated with the peak effect, typically occurs approximately 1 to 2 hours after administration.


Q: What is the expected duration of effect for a dose of Supradol?

Regulatory information indicates that the analgesic effect for a single dose is generally reported to last 4 to 6 hours. This time frame is consistent with the required dosing frequency as specified in the official product information.


Q: Can Supradol affect sleep patterns?

Official documentation reports that some central nervous system effects may occur. Adverse events reported in clinical studies include both drowsiness and insomnia (difficulty sleeping). Patients are typically advised to consider these reported effects when undertaking activities.


Q: What happens if I stop taking Supradol suddenly?

The active ingredient in Supradol is a non-opioid pain reliever and is not classified as a controlled substance. This means it is not associated with the potential for physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms documented for controlled substances. Use of the drug is strictly limited to a maximum of five days total.


Q: Is Supradol known to interact with caffeine?

Official labeling does not typically list caffeine as a specific substance with which Supradol interacts. However, official sources specifically discourage use with alcohol due to a documented increased risk of serious gastrointestinal bleeding.


Q: What is the relationship between Supradol and blood pressure?

Adverse events reported in clinical trials include the occurrence of hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema (fluid retention). Official information indicates that co-administration with certain blood pressure medications, such as ACE inhibitors and diuretics, may result in reduced effectiveness of those medicines.


Q: What is the official classification of Supradol?

Supradol is officially classified as a Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID). Its active ingredient, ketorolac tromethamine, is not classified as a controlled substance by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).


Q: Can Supradol be crushed or split?

Official labeling for the oral tablets typically specifies swallowing the tablet whole. Instructions for altering the tablet (crushing, splitting, or chewing) are not provided in the regulatory documentation.


Q: Does Supradol require a prescription?

Yes, Supradol's active ingredient is designated as 'Rx only' (prescription only) in the United States and similar markets. This classification is due to its high potency and the specific, monitored conditions required for its safe, short-term use.


Q: Is it possible to become tolerant to the effects of Supradol?

The medicine is strictly indicated for short-term use with a maximum treatment duration of five days. Due to this regulatory limit, the development of tolerance, or needing higher doses for the same effect, is not an expected outcome.


Q: How does Supradol compare to other drugs in its class, based on regulatory descriptions?

Official documentation describes Supradol as being used for moderately severe acute pain that requires analgesia comparable to that of an opioid. This highlights its status as a potent NSAID used for pain typically managed by stronger, prescription-level medications.


Q: Are there any common foods or drinks to avoid while taking Supradol?

Official information notes that the absorption of the medicine is not generally altered by food. However, use with alcohol is specifically discouraged due to a documented increased risk of serious gastrointestinal bleeding.


Q: Is Supradol known to cause long-term side effects?

Official documents explicitly state that the risk of serious adverse events, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular thrombotic events, increases with the duration of use. This is the primary reason why the total combined use is strictly limited to a maximum of five days.


Q: Does Supradol have the potential to be habit-forming?

No, the active ingredient is an NSAID and is not classified as a controlled substance by the DEA. Therefore, it is not associated with the potential for addiction or dependence.


Q: What does the research say about the effectiveness of Supradol for chronic conditions?

Official regulatory documents explicitly state that Supradol is not indicated for chronic painful conditions and is limited exclusively to the short-term (maximum 5 days) management of acute pain. The clinical evidence does not support its use beyond this limited period.


Q: What is the difference between Supradol and generic versions of the drug?

Brand-name drugs (Supradol) and their generic equivalents (ketorolac tromethamine) contain the identical active ingredient. Generic products are required by regulatory bodies to be bioequivalent to the brand-name product, meaning they work in the body in the same way.


Q: What is the typical time frame for the body to eliminate Supradol?

Pharmacokinetic studies reported in official documents indicate that the elimination half-life of the active component is typically between approximately 3.5 and 9 hours in adult patients with normal kidney function.


Q: Are allergic reactions to Supradol common?

Allergic-type reactions, including anaphylaxis (a severe, whole-body reaction), are classified as rare but potentially serious adverse events. The medicine is officially contraindicated in anyone with a history of hypersensitivity to aspirin or other NSAIDs.


Q: Is Supradol used differently for acute pain versus chronic pain?

Yes, official labeling specifies that Supradol is used only for the short-term management of moderately severe acute pain (e.g., post-operative). It is not indicated for chronic or minor painful conditions.


Q: How is the 'use condition' defined for Supradol in official patient information?

Official documentation defines the use condition as the short-term (maximum 5 days) management of moderately severe acute pain that requires pain relief comparable to that of an opioid. It must be used within this specific, limited therapeutic window.


Q: Are there any known interactions between Supradol and birth control pills?

Official documentation does not specifically list interactions with oral contraceptives. However, there is no evidence that Supradol inhibits or induces the drug-metabolizing enzymes typically involved in the metabolism of birth control pills.


Q: Why is Supradol sometimes prescribed for [specific non-pain condition]?

Official indications, as defined in regulatory documentation, specify that Supradol is intended solely for the short-term management of moderately severe acute pain. The medicine is not indicated for chronic, long-term conditions or non-painful uses.

How should Supradol be stored and disposed of?

How to Store and Dispose of Supradol?

The storage of Supradol (ketorolac tromethamine) is strictly defined by regulatory requirements to ensure product stability and safety.

Storage Requirements

Temperature: Store at Controlled Room Temperature, defined as 20 C to 25 C (68 F to 77 F), with permitted excursions up to 30 C. The product must be kept from freezing and excess heat.

Protection: The medicine must be protected from light and moisture. It should be kept in its tightly closed container and stored out of the reach of children.

Disposal Requirements

Unused or expired Supradol must be disposed of in accordance with all applicable Local, State, and Federal regulations. The medicine should not be emptied into drains or released into the environment.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

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