Alsart

Quick links to important sections

Medically reviewed

Laura Arias

Last updated on 22/12/2025

This page provides general, reference-level information compiled from official medical sources. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For decisions about your health, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Overview of Alsart

Understanding Alsart

Alsart is a medication belonging to a class of drugs known as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). It is primarily used to manage certain cardiovascular conditions by affecting the way the body regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

Mechanism of Action

The active ingredient in Alsart works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a naturally occurring substance in the body that causes blood vessels to tighten and narrow. When the effects of angiotensin II are inhibited, the blood vessels remain more relaxed and dilated. This process helps to lower blood pressure and reduces the workload on the heart, making it easier for the heart to pump blood throughout the body.

Primary Clinical Uses

Alsart is commonly used in clinical practice for the following purposes:

  • Hypertension Management: It is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) in adults and, in some cases, children. Maintaining blood pressure within a healthy range is essential for reducing the risk of long-term complications such as strokes and heart attacks.
  • Heart Failure Treatment: It may be used to treat patients with heart failure, a condition where the heart muscle is unable to pump blood as effectively as it should.
  • Renal Protection: In patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of hypertension, it is often utilized to help protect the kidneys from damage (nephropathy) and slow the progression of kidney disease.

General Considerations

As a systemic medication, Alsart focuses on the long-term management of cardiovascular health. It is typically intended for chronic use rather than immediate relief of symptoms. Because it targets specific hormonal pathways in the body, its effectiveness is often monitored through regular blood pressure readings and laboratory assessments of kidney function.

Regulatory References

  1. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers - NIH

What side effects are possible with Alsart?

Possible Side Effects and Safety Information

The official safety profile for Alsart (Valsartan) outlines possible reactions based on clinical trial data and post-marketing surveillance, classified by frequency and affected organ system. Reactions are grouped into System-Organ Classes (SOCs), such as Nervous System Disorders and Vascular Disorders.


Adverse Reactions by Frequency

Adverse reactions are formally categorized to reflect their documented occurrence:

  • Common: Reactions frequently observed in regulatory studies include dizziness, headache, fatigue, and low blood pressure (hypotension), which is more commonly noted in heart failure populations. Hyperkalemia (increased blood potassium) is also a documented common laboratory finding.
  • Uncommon: Less frequent reactions include cough, vertigo, and nausea.
  • Frequency Not Known: Rare or post-marketing reactions include angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, or throat), thrombocytopenia (low platelets), and various skin reactions like bullous dermatitis.

Serious Adverse Reactions and Constraints

The regulatory label highlights specific safety constraints and serious adverse reactions:

  • Fetal Toxicity: Valsartan is contraindicated during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to the risk of fetal injury and death. Treatment must be discontinued immediately if pregnancy is detected.
  • Serious Reactions: In addition to angioedema, the official profile documents reports of acute renal failure or impairment, particularly in patients whose renal function is dependent on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS).
  • Hepatic and Renal Constraint: Use is contraindicated in individuals with severe hepatic impairment, biliary cirrhosis, and cholestasis. Specific monitoring of renal function is noted for patients with renal artery stenosis. Concomitant use with aliskiren is also contraindicated in patients with diabetes or renal impairment.

Overdose and Emergency Response

Overdose and when to seek help

The official documented overdose profile for Alsart (Valsartan), an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB), centers on the effects of an exaggerated pharmacological action as stated in governmental regulatory documents.

Overdose manifests primarily as exaggerated hypotension (severely low blood pressure), which can result in symptomatic hypotension accompanied by dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting (syncopal episode). Excessive hypotension is classified as a severe outcome and carries the risk of acute renal failure and potential circulatory collapse.


Required Emergency Actions

If an overdose is suspected, seek immediate medical attention. Patients must call emergency services or a Poison Control Center right away, particularly if the victim has collapsed, had a seizure, or cannot be awakened.

No specific antidote is known for a Valsartan overdose. Treatment is restricted to symptomatic and supportive measures. These measures, as documented in prescribing information, include placing the patient in the supine position and administering an intravenous infusion of normal saline if low blood pressure is persistent. Valsartan is not significantly removed through dialysis.

Population Note: Exposure to Valsartan during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy carries the risk of fetal injury and death, a serious consideration mandated for inclusion in official labeling.

Therapeutic Uses of Alsart

What Alsart treats: main uses and benefits

Alsart is relevant for easing the discomfort and tension associated with conditions characterized by periods of heightened symptoms. These agents are applied across domains where additional symptomatic support is needed in cardiovascular and renal contexts.

The main therapeutic uses and benefits of this medicine are centered on managing systemic or localized discomfort. The medicine is primarily used for managing hypertension (high blood pressure). Furthermore, it is commonly used to help with conditions in clinical scenarios that involve: managing high blood pressure, assisting with the management of risks related to acute or disruptive episodes in patients with hypertension coupled with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), and easing the symptomatic burden associated with diabetic nephropathy.

Losartan contributes to easing the overall symptom burden, which helps patients cope more steadily with symptom fluctuations and assists with maintaining functional stability.

Quick Fact: Applied in addressing Symptoms that Create Noticeable Physiological Strain

Eligibility and Restrictions for Use

Alsart (Valsartan) eligibility is strictly defined by official regulatory criteria, which detail who may use the medicine and who is prohibited. The medicine is contraindicated and must not be used during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to the documented risk of fetal injury. Other absolute prohibitions include a known hypersensitivity to valsartan and the presence of severe hepatic impairment, including biliary cirrhosis and cholestasis. Furthermore, the medicine is contraindicated for patients with diabetes who are also receiving aliskiren.

Official use is permitted in adults for hypertension, heart failure, and post-MI management. Pediatric use is restricted to hypertension in children 6 to 16 years of age; it is not recommended for children under 6 years or for any pediatric patient with severe renal impairment. Use requires special caution in adults with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min), those undergoing dialysis, and individuals with pre-existing conditions like aortic or mitral valve stenosis. The label also advises that use is not recommended during breastfeeding.

What should I know about interactions with other medicines?

Interactions with other medicines and products

Alsart’s interaction profile is primarily defined by documented effects related to the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and specific effects on drug transporters.

The combination of Alsart with Aliskiren is officially restricted and classified as contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus or those with moderate-to-severe renal impairment. Regulatory authorities advise against the concomitant use of Alsart with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) or other Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs), as this dual blockade of the RAS increases the risk of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and reduced kidney function.

Due to the risk of hyperkalemia, Alsart is not recommended for co-administration with potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, or salt substitutes containing potassium. Co-administration with Lithium may lead to reversible increases in Lithium concentrations and the risk of toxicity, and is also generally not recommended.

Transporter-mediated interactions exist with inhibitors of the hepatic uptake transporters OATP1B1/OATP1B3 or the efflux transporter MRP2 (e.g., Rifampin, Ritonavir), which may increase Alsart's systemic exposure. The use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) may attenuate the antihypertensive effect and increase the risk of worsening renal function. Administration of Alsart with food decreases the total systemic exposure to the medicine, specifically reducing the C max by approximately fifty percent.

Mechanism of Action

Alsart's molecular action is centered on the inhibition of the enzyme Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (FPPS), a critical component of the mevalonate pathway. This enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) from isopentenyl pyrophosphate.

Alsart functions as a competitive inhibitor, binding directly to the active site of FPPS. This interaction restricts the enzyme’s normal catalytic activity, thereby preventing the production of FPP. The resulting decrease in intracellular FPP leads to a corresponding reduction in the prenylation of small GTPases, such as Rho, Rac, and Rab proteins.

Prenylation is necessary for the proper anchoring of these signaling proteins to the cell membrane. By preventing this lipid modification, Alsart impairs the spatial localization and subsequent activation of these GTPases. This intracellular cascade alters specific signaling pathways within targeted cells, inducing a defined system-level physiological consequence consistent with suppressed cellular activity.

Dosage and Administration Information

How to Use Alsart

Alsart (valsartan) is an oral medication provided in film-coated tablet form in multiple strengths (40 mg, 80 mg, 160 mg, and 320 mg). For patients who cannot swallow tablets, an oral suspension (4 mg/mL) can be extemporaneously prepared by a pharmacist using specific liquid vehicles.


Dosing and Frequency

The administration pattern for Alsart is determined by the treated condition. For the management of hypertension, the standard regimen ranges from 80 mg to 320 mg and is administered once daily. In clinical scenarios involving heart failure or post-myocardial infarction, the medication is typically administered twice daily (BID), starting at 40 mg BID and gradually titrating toward a maximum maintenance dose of 160 mg BID. Dose adjustments for heart failure usually occur at intervals of at least two weeks.


Administration Conditions and Special Populations

The dose of Alsart may be administered with or without food. For consistency in systemic exposure, instructions advise taking the medication at the same time each day. When switching between the tablet and the oral suspension, a dose adjustment is necessary, as the two formulations are not bioequivalent on a milligram-per-milligram basis.

Official guidelines for specific populations include weight-based dosing for children aged 6 to 16 with hypertension. For patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment (non-cholestasis), the daily dosage is restricted to 80 mg in some regions. No initial dose adjustment is required for older adults.

Recent Clinical Evidence

Research Evidence / Overview of Studies for Alsart (Valsartan)

The evidence supporting the uses of Alsart (Valsartan) comes from formal clinical research, primarily including Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews. This section summarizes what the research has explored, what findings were observed, and what questions still remain, according to official scientific and regulatory sources.


Evidence for Use in High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

Research examining Alsart in conditions characterized by systemic or functional imbalance was observed in studies focused on the management of high blood pressure. The studies included large, long-term RCTs and comparison trials where Alsart was evaluated against other therapies in adults with high blood pressure. Data show patterns related to reductions in measured blood pressure values in the observed populations. The extent of the research base for this indication is classified as well-established by regulatory sources.


Evidence for Use in Chronic Heart Failure

Alsart was studied for use in conditions associated with acute or disruptive episodes, specifically chronic heart failure. Research relies on large, randomized RCTs where clinical outcomes were observed over several years. Studies tracked outcomes related to cardiovascular mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, and changes in functional measures. Findings describe patterns observed in the studies where Alsart was evaluated in these patient groups. Certainty remains low for complex subgroups, such as those studied in early trials where Alsart was added to maximum doses of existing therapy.


Evidence for Use in Diabetic Nephropathy

Research examined the use of Alsart in patients with Type 2 Diabetes and signs of kidney disease (nephropathy). The studies were controlled, randomized trials that monitored participants over intermediate- to long-term periods, measuring changes in the urinary albumin excretion rate and the time until participants reached a major composite kidney endpoint. The extent of the research base for this kidney-related indication is also classified as well-established by regulatory sources.


What is Still Uncertain About Alsart Research

While the research base for Alsart is well-established for its core indications, there are still areas where certainty remains low or where research is ongoing. For instance, limited information is available for outcomes tracked beyond five years. Also, current research often involves the sacubitril/valsartan combination, and future studies will need to further distinguish findings for the combination from those for Valsartan used alone to provide clearer context.

Key Studies & References

  1. Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation (VALUE) trial: baseline characteristics of patients

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Common questions about Alsart (FAQ)

Q: What kind of foods or drinks should I limit while taking Alsart?

Official documentation indicates that certain products may increase potassium levels in the blood. These products, specifically potassium supplements, certain salt substitutes containing potassium, and potassium-sparing diuretics (a type of water pill), are noted in the official guidance. Separate warnings exist about the use of alcohol while taking Alsart.

Q: Is Alsart safe to take with common pain relievers like ibuprofen?

Regulatory documents indicate that using Alsart alongside Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), a class that includes medicines like ibuprofen, is associated with a potential reduction in the blood pressure effect. This combination is also noted to carry a risk of impact on kidney function, according to the official label.

Q: Can Alsart be crushed or split if it's a tablet?

The official product information notes that if a liquid form (oral suspension) is needed, it must be specially prepared by a pharmacist, and the liquid and tablet forms are not bioequivalent (meaning they aren't interchangeable milligram-for-milligram). Based on this, tablets are typically taken whole. Specific preparation and administration instructions are provided within the official patient information.

Q: What happens if I miss a dose of Alsart sometimes?

Official guidance describes the procedure for a missed dose: it may be taken as soon as it is remembered. However, if the time is close to the next scheduled dose, the prescribed instruction is to skip the missed dose and resume the normal dosing schedule. Patients are advised that the dose should not be doubled.

Q: How quickly does Alsart leave the body?

Based on official pharmacokinetic data, the time required for the amount of medicine in the body to be reduced by half is called the elimination half-life. For Alsart, this is approximately [X] hours. This measurement is used to understand how the body processes and clears the medicine over time.

Q: Is Alsart the same type of medicine as [similar drug name]?

Alsart is officially classified as a Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (FPPS) Inhibitor. This classification is used to describe the medicine’s unique molecular action and how it works in the body, which is distinct from other common cardiovascular drug classes.

Q: Can Alsart cause tiredness or fatigue?

Official regulatory documents, specifically the list of adverse reactions, include reports of both fatigue and general tiredness among the side effects experienced by some individuals in clinical trials.

Q: What are the most common side effects mentioned by people taking Alsart?

According to the most frequent reports from clinical studies, the most common adverse reactions include dizziness and headache. These effects may be reported early in the course of treatment. Individual patient experience can vary.

Q: Does Alsart affect sleep patterns?

Official regulatory prescribing information has included reports of both insomnia (difficulty falling or staying asleep) and somnolence (drowsiness) as adverse reactions. These effects are typically reported as uncommon occurrences.

Q: How long does it usually take to notice an effect from Alsart?

Clinical trial data indicate that a reduction in blood pressure with Alsart is generally measurable within about 2 weeks of starting treatment. The full, maximum therapeutic effect is typically reached within approximately 4 weeks.

Q: Is it true that Alsart is a 'maintenance' medicine?

Yes, the official indications for use describe Alsart as being authorized for the chronic or long-term management of conditions such as hypertension and heart failure. This indicates it is intended for ongoing, maintenance therapy.

Q: Does Alsart interact with birth control pills?

Regulatory documents state that no clinically relevant interactions have been found when Alsart is used at the same time as oral contraceptives (birth control pills).

Q: Can men and women take Alsart for the same reasons?

Based on the official prescribing information, no differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between sexes in clinical studies. Therefore, the medicine’s approved uses and general safety profile are the same for men and women.

Q: How does Alsart affect the liver?

In some regions, official guidance requires a dose restriction for individuals who have pre-existing mild to moderate hepatic impairment (liver problems). The medicine’s effect on liver enzymes is monitored as part of the overall safety profile.

Q: Can Alsart be used during pregnancy, or should it be avoided?

Regulatory agencies classify Alsart with a significant risk warning for use during pregnancy. It is officially contraindicated (avoided) in the second and third trimesters, due to the established risk of injury or death to the developing fetus.

Q: Is there a generic version of Alsart available?

The availability of a generic version is determined by regional regulatory approval status and patent expiration. Official regulatory registers list this information and indicate whether a therapeutically equivalent generic product has been approved in a given area.

Q: What are the typical age ranges of people who take Alsart?

Alsart is approved for use in both adults and pediatric patients aged 6 to 16 for the treatment of hypertension. Official guidance also confirms that no initial dose adjustment is typically needed for older adults.

Q: Does Alsart make you gain or lose weight?

Official adverse reaction reports from clinical trials have included both weight gain and weight loss as uncommon or rare side effects associated with the medicine.

Q: What is the main goal of treatment with Alsart?

The main goal of treatment is based on the approved indications, which include the reduction and maintenance of lower blood pressure for those with hypertension. It is also used to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients who have experienced heart failure or a myocardial infarction.

Q: Can I drive or operate machinery while taking Alsart?

The product label includes a warning that Alsart may cause side effects such as dizziness or fatigue. The product information states that these side effects could impair the ability to drive or operate machinery.

Q: What type of research supports the use of Alsart?

The approved uses of Alsart are supported by strong evidence derived from controlled randomized clinical trials. These studies compare the effects of Alsart to those of a placebo (inactive substance) or other active treatments in the patient populations for which it is indicated.

Q: Does Alsart have any known interactions with alcohol?

Official warnings describe that the co-administration of alcohol is associated with an increased risk of adverse effects. This may include a higher potential for experiencing symptoms such as dizziness or syncope (fainting).

Q: Is it possible to develop a tolerance to Alsart over time?

Regulatory documents that detail the medicine's long-term effectiveness state that tolerance to the blood pressure lowering effect was not observed in long-term clinical trials.

Q: Why do some people experience dizziness with Alsart?

Dizziness is one of the most common adverse reactions reported in regulatory sources. This effect is thought to be related to the medicine’s core action of lowering blood pressure and the body's resulting fluid and blood flow adjustments.

Q: Are the side effects of Alsart the same for everyone?

No, regulatory sources publish side effects as incidence rates (e.g., common, uncommon, rare), indicating that not all individuals experience the same side effects. Individual patient response to any medication can vary widely.

Q: What is the maximum dose of Alsart studied in clinical trials?

Regulatory product information specifies the highest dose that was administered in safety and efficacy studies. For hypertension, the highest studied dose was [X] mg once daily, and the maximum approved dose for chronic heart failure is 160 mg twice daily.

Q: Can Alsart affect blood sugar levels?

Official adverse reaction reports have included instances of disturbances in glucose metabolism as an uncommon side effect. This means there have been reports of changes in blood sugar, such as both increases (hyperglycemia) and decreases (hypoglycemia).

Q: Is Alsart a non-addictive medication?

Yes, regulatory classifications confirm that Alsart is not a controlled substance. It is not associated with the development of physical dependence or abuse potential.

Q: What are the signs of a serious allergic reaction to Alsart?

Regulatory documents explicitly warn patients about the potential for serious reactions, such as angioedema. Signs to look for include swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, and difficulty breathing. The label notes that these reactions require immediate medical attention.

Q: Is Alsart used for temporary conditions or long-term treatment?

Based on its approved uses for chronic diseases like hypertension and heart failure, Alsart is indicated for long-term management and treatment.

Q: Does Alsart cause sun sensitivity?

The official list of adverse reactions includes reports of photosensitivity as an uncommon side effect. This means the medicine may cause increased sensitivity to sunlight.

How should Alsart be stored and disposed of?

Alsart (valsartan) storage and disposal must comply with official regulatory labeling to maintain stability and safety.

Labeled Storage Temperature Requirements Store tablets at Controlled Room Temperature (20 C to 25 C / 68 F to 77 F); excursions permitted to 15 C to 30 C.
Light/Moisture Protection Requirements Tablets must be kept in a closed container in a dry place and protected from excessive moisture.
Stability After Reconstitution (If Applicable) The oral suspension can be stored for up to 30 days at room temperature (below 30 C), or up to 75 days when refrigerated (2 C to 8 C).
Child-Protection Storage Requirements The medication must be kept out of the sight and reach of children.
Disposal Instructions (Official Protocol) Dispose of unused or expired tablets via a drug take-back program if available. Otherwise, mix with an unappealing substance (e.g., dirt, coffee grounds), place in a sealed bag, and discard in the household trash. Do not flush the tablets unless specifically instructed to do so.

These mandated conditions define how the product must be stored, protected in its original, tightly closed container, and safely discarded according to established protocols.

Attention! Always consult to a doctor or pharmacist before using pills or medicines.

Available in countries:

Equivalent of Alsart found in:

A-Z Index: